Background of PRA, Origin, the difference between survey research and PRA, Johari window, principles of PRA, uses of PRA, tools of PRA, references, Social mapping of our Harshnagar area, thank you.

1. Participatory Rural
Appraisal
(PRA)
Presenter- Dr. Sunaina Kumthekar
Guide- Dr. Abhay Srivastava Sir

2. Content
1. Background of PRA
2. Origin
3. Difference between Survey research & PRA
4. Johari Window
5. Principles
6. Uses
7. Tools
8. Reference
9. Social mapping in Harshnagar

3. Definition OF PRA
It is the process of involving local people
on the analysis and interpretation of their
own situation of a given rural area.

4. Background
Principles of Primary Health Care
Community Participation
Inter-sectorial coordination
Equitable distribution
Appropriate technology

5. PRA Origin (Time Line)
1950-60 1980
RRA
(RAPID RURAL APPRAISAL)
PRA
(Participatory Rural Appraisal)
Robert Chambers
Introduction of
the term
1970
Community
Development
Program (CDP)

6. Survey Research
1. Long time.
2. High cost
3. Fixed
4. Low participation
5. Heavy statistical
analysis
6. Formal questionnaire.
PRA
1. Short time.
2. Low cost
3. Flexible
4. High participation
5. On-the-spot analysis
6. Semi-structured
interviews and group
discussion.

7. Johari Window
 A techniquethat helps people better
understand their relationship with
themselves and others.
 It was created by psychologists Joseph Luft
and Harrington Ingham .

8. Johari Window

9. Johari Window

10. Principles
2. Seeking
Diversity
1.Optimal
Ignorance
3.
Offsetting
Biases
4.
Triangulation
6. Learning
rapidly &
progressively
5. Reversals

11. Uses
To build rapport with local people.
Helps in problem identification &
prioritization.
Involves local people in their own need
assessment.

12. PRA
Tools Of PRA
SPACE
TIME RELATION

13. Space Related
Space
Social Map
Transect WalkResource Map

14. Time Related
Time
Time
Line
Trend
Analysis
Seasonal
Mapping

15. Relation Related
Relation
Semi
Interview
Problem Tree
Matrix analysis
Fishbone
Diagram
Cobweb
Diagram
Venn Diagram

16. Social Map
 Social mapping is one of the most popular tool in
PRA.
 There are two main types of maps, sketch map &
scale map.
 Use- To show data in community layout, health
patterns, demography, infrastructure of
community so on.

17. Social Map

18. Resource Map
 Social map focuses on habitation, community
facilities, roads, temples, etc.,
 While resource map focuses on the natural
resources in the locality and depicts land, hills,
rivers, fields, vegetation etc.
 It provides a bird’s eye view of the locality with a
focus of natural resources.

19. Resource Map

20. Transect Walk
It is popularly used for natural resource
management.
It is generally done after a resource map and,
therefore, helps in triangulation.
 Use- To explore the spatial dimensions of
people’s realities.

21. Transect Walk

22. Time Line
 Time line captures the chronology of events as
recalled by local people.
 It is not history as such but events of the past as
perceived and recalled by the people in
community.
Use- To understand from the community the
historical perspective on current issues.

24. Time Line

25. Seasonal Map
 It reflects the perceptions of the local
people regarding seasonal variations on a
wide range of items.
 It has proved to be useful in project
planning, i.e., when to implement various
activities.

26. Seasonal Map

27. Venn Diagram
o Shows relationship between individual
and institution in community.
o Also k/a Chappati diagram.

28. Venn Diagram

29. Venn Diagram

30. Cobweb Diagram

31. Problem Tree

32. Some Images related to PRA

36. References
1. Sontheimer, S., et al. 1999. Conducting a PRA Training and Modifying PRA Tools to
Your Needs. An Example from a Participatory Household Food Security and Nutrition
Project in Ethiopia.
2. Ganapathy Kalaiselvan., et al. Sharing an Experience of Social Mapping Exercise at
Peri-urban Area of Puducherry. Nat.J.Res.Com.Med .,1(2), 2012.Soundappan
Kathirvel., et al. Social mapping: A potential teaching tool in public health. ISSN:
0142-159X (Print) 1466-187X (Online).
3. Ampt, P.R., 1988, "Rapid Rural Appraisal", Forbes Shire, February 1988 Initial Report,
School of Crop Sciences, University of Sydney.
4. Chambers, Robert (July 1994). "The origins and practice of participatory rural
appraisal" (PDF). World Development. 22(7): 953–969. doi:10.1016/0305-
750X(94)90141-4 .
5. Narinder Paul., Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) report of Village Kursari Tehsil
Bhaderwah,District Doda (J&K).
6. Ganesh Chandra., PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL . Issues and Tools for Social
Science Research in Inland Fisheries. Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute.
Bulletin 163. Pp. 286-302
7. Szymanski, M., L. Whitewing, and J. Colletti., (1998) The Use of Participatory Rural
Appraisal Methodologies to Link Indigenous Knowledge and Land Use Decisions
Among the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska. Indigenous Knowledge and Development
Monitor 6(2):3-6.

37. Social Mapping
in Harshnagar

38. Preparatory phase

39. Preparatory phase

40. Preparatory phase

41. FINAL MAP

42. Well in Harshnagar

43. Urdu School

44. Public Toilet

45. Our Team