This document discusses tape recorders and video conferencing. It provides information on what each technology is, its components and types, characteristics, proper use, advantages and disadvantages. Tape recorders allow recording and playback of sound using magnetic tape. Video conferencing allows live exchange of information between multiple people and machines remotely through telecommunications. Both technologies can be used in education and healthcare by allowing recording of lectures, remote collaboration, and telemedicine applications. However, they also lack physical presence and require technical knowledge and infrastructure.

1. TAPE RECORDER
&
VIDEO CONFERENCING
Sujata Mohapatra

2. TAPE RECORDER

3. MEANING
A tape recorder is used to record
sounds on magnetic tape which can
be reproduced at will and as many
time as required.
An audio tape recorder, tape
deck or tape machine is an audio
storage device that records and plays
back sounds, including articulated
voices, usually using magnetic tape,
either wound on a reel or in
a cassette, for storage.

4. TYPES
ELECTRICAL
 Electric current flowing in the coils of
the tape head creates a fluctuating
magnetic field.
MECHANICAL
Modern mechanical recorders usually use
a three-motor scheme

5. CHARACTERISTICS
• Immediacy
• Emotional impact
• Authenticity
• Conquest of time & space
• One way communication
• Audition
• Needs & interest

6. RIGHT WAY OF MAKING A TAPE
RECORDING
Choose a room with proper acoustics.
Locate the microphone input socket and plug in the
microphone.
It is advisable to use external microphone placed 25 to
30cm Away from the person whose voice is recorded.
Press the record-button, speak into the microphone.
Recording requires an assistant to switch the machine
on & to monitor sound levels.

7. ADVANTAGES
Recording can be erased and the tape can be reused.
The tape recorder is easy to operate as it has only a
few controls.
The talks of well-known personalities can be recorded
at a convenient place and brought to the school for
replay to the student.
For teaching music, phonics, oral reading, poetry and
recitation’s etc. Tape recorder is of immense values.

8. DISADVANTAGES
• There is no personal contact with the
speaker.
• Listening for a long time generally
distract the learner.
• It encourages passive learning.
• It is costly and so all can not afford it.
• It does not provide a practical or
laboratory experience.

9. USES IN NURSING EDUCATION
Audio tape recording can capture the feelings &
experiences of patients, which makes it a good
medium for adding interest to sessions on nursing
care.
Tape recordings serve as an interesting audio
visual aid in classroom teaching.
These recordings serve as good source of
knowledge pertaining to the specific health area &
clarify the concept.

10. VIDEO CONFERENCING

11. DEFINITION
A video conference or teleseminar is the live exchange and
mass articulation of information among several persons and
machines remote from one another but linked by
a telecommunications system.

12. HISTORY
• Multiple user video-conferencing first
being demonstrated with Stanford
Research Institute's NLS computer
technology (1968).

13. COMPONENTS
VIDEO INPUT
VIDEO
OUTPUT
AUDIO INPUT
AUDIO
OUTPUT
DATA
TRANSFER
COMPUTER

14. CLASSIFICATION
DEDICATED SYSTEM
DESKTOP SYSTEMS

15. IMPACT ON HEALTH
• Videoconferencing is a highly useful technology for
real time telemedicine and telenursing applications.
• Patients may contact health care personnel
in emergency or routine situations.
• All health care professionals can discuss cases across
large distances.
• Rural areas can use this tehnology for seeking health
information, thus saving lives and making more
efficient use of health care money.
• Remote community, long-term care facility, or from a
patient's home any person can communicate with the
health professional.

16. IMPACT ON EDUCATION
• Two way student teacher interaction.
• Faculty members keeping in touch with classes
while they are out of the station.
• Researchers collaborating with colleagues at
other institutions on a regular basis without loss
of time due to travel;
• Schools with multiple campuses collaborating and
sharing professors
• Schools from two separate nations engaging in
cross-cultural exchanges.

17. ADVANTAGES
• Significant Travel Savings
• Improved Communication
• Increased Productivity
• Time savings
• Convenience
• Collaboration
• Stronger relationships
• Increased collaboration
• Access to dispersed resource
• Reduced environmental impact

18. DISADVANTAGES
• Physical presence
• High cost
• Need of technical assistance
• Need for electrical assistance
• Need of computer knowledge
• Less applicability for large group

20. GROUP DISCUSSION