Brain anatomy and
function

 The brain is the body’s control center, it’s held and protected by the skull
 The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is divided into two halves
called hemispheres
 The corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres
 Each hemispheres is divided into regions called lobes, each lobe has a
different function
 Different parts of the brain are illustrated in the next figure.

Parts of the brain

 The brain is responsible for many different things including, thinking, decision
making, emotion, memory, speech production, as well as muscle control
coordination, balance and sensory reception.

Frontal lobes
 Frontal lobes are the largest lobes, they are located at the front of the brain
 They’re responsible for a few things includes, thinking, self-control, making
decisions attention, judgement, problem solving and emotions
 The frontal lobe is also responsible for motor skills and speech production

Parietal lobe
 The parietal lobes are just behind the frontal lobe
 They’re responsible for organizing and interpreting sensory information to the
other parts of the brain

Occipital lobe
 The occipital lobes are at the back of the brain
 They’re mainly involved in visual processing including recognition of shapes,
colors, patterns, motion
 Occipital lobes are also involved in reading

Temporal lobe
 The temporal lobes are at the level of ears
 There are responsible for processing auditory information, visual memory,
verbal memory and language comprehension
 They’re also involved in recognizing and understanding reactions and
emotions of others

Cerebellum
 The cerebellum is located at the back of the brain below the occipital lobes
 They’re responsible for fine motor skills including fine movement of hands
and feet
 They’re ( cerebellum) is also responsible for balance and coordination and
posture

The brain stem
 The brain stem is located in front of cerebellum and connects to the spinal
cord
 It’s made up three major parts
- Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata

Midbrain
 The midbrain is at the top of brainstem
 It controls eye movement and it also processes the auditory formation

pons
 The pons is the largest part of the brainstem it’s just below midbrain
 It contains nerves that help to connect to different parts of the brain, it also
contains some cranial nerves which are involved in facial movement and for
transmitting sensory information

Medulla oblongata
 The medulla oblongata is the lowest part of the brainstem
 It controls the functions of the heart and lungs helping to regulate the
function things such as breathing, swallowing, sneezing, coughing