This document provides an agenda and overview for a TOGAF workshop on building enterprise architectures with System Architect. The agenda covers introducing TOGAF preliminary stages, business architecture, the business service layer, information systems architecture, application portfolio management, and analysis. It discusses modeling functions, processes, services, and applications. It also describes leveraging reference models, integrating with tools like Visio and Blueworks Live, and using the FEA Services Reference Model and TMForum models. The labs guide attending building out the different architecture components in System Architect.
2. • Lab Intro
• TOGAF Preliminary Stage
• Business Architecture
• Business Service Layer
• Information Systems Architecture
• Application Portfolio Management
• Analysis
Agenda
3. The NEED for Enterprise Architecture
• Customer quote (paraphrased):
• ‘We get asked, on a regular basis -- usually at the
last minute -- for artifacts that describe the business.
• The information is:
– Served up in Powerpoints and Excel spreadsheets
– Assembled in a scramble
– There is no correlation between the artifacts
– We don’t know where the documents came from,
who owns them, how reliable the information is, nor
what it doesn’t show, etc’
• Need a delivery mechanism for this
information so it is served up in a
self-serve manner
4. The NEED for Enterprise Architecture
• Customer quote (paraphrased):
• ‘With disruptive technologies, such as the cloud and
mobile – the EA team – even at a formerly staid
Health Care company – is being put in the
spotlights (or headlights?)
• CEO wants to know:
– How can company react to demand for mobile and
cloud technologies, and utilize these technologies for
advantage
– What are the solution alternatives, and cost
– What is impact to current business
– What is the risk to current business
• CEO wants the information ASAP
5. Reference
Models
EA Operations Center
EA
Governance
Establish Sources of Record
Transition
Planning &
Roadmaps
Project
Prioritization
& Planning
These are the things we should do
These are our
roadmaps
Harvest
Enterprise Architecture
Core Business
Processes
Apps
Data
Security Tools
Disparate Spreadsheets Multiple Data Sources
Leverage what
everyone else is doing
Cause-effect Analysis,
Heatmaps, Business
Analytics & Dashboards
Clean up sources of record
Harvest
SA/Pub,
SA/XT,
SA/DM
Solution
Design
CMDB
tools
sniffing
network
Business
Capabilities
Infrastructure
Apps
Data
Harvest
Standards
databases
APM tools
6. • Lab Intro
• TOGAF Preliminary Stage
• Business Architecture
• Business Service Layer
• Information Systems Architecture
• Application Portfolio Management
• Analysis
Agenda
7. Content Framework
• Core
Concepts
• Extensions
Core Services
Data
Modeling
Motivation Governance
Process
Modeling
Infrastructure
Consolidation
Core
10. How EA
• Establish Vision of EA & Stages of
Success
• Start Small – Establish Project
where you can establish deadline
and ROI
• Grow the EA
– Show value in analytics
– Show value in cleaning up sources of
record
– Show value in visibility
– “I want some of that”
– EA becomes systematic
13. Perform Labs 1 & 2: TOGAF Preliminary Phase
• Lab 1
• Make sure SA & the Workshop Folder are Available
• Lab 2
• Create the EA Repository
• Establish the EA Metamodel
16. • Lab Intro
• TOGAF Preliminary Stage
• Business Architecture
• Business Service Layer
• Information Systems Architecture
• Application Portfolio Management
• Analysis
Agenda
17. Business Architecture within Context of EA – TOGAF
• TOGAF Metamodel
• We want to
understand
1. Capabilities
2. Functions
3. Processes (that
orchestrate Functions)
4. Services (that
encapsulate Functions)
5. People (that own
Functions & Apps)
6. Applications (enabling
Services or Functions)
7. Information (data)
8. Technologies (used by
Applications & Services)
9. Locations (of Apps,
Technologies & People)
1
2
3
4
5
6
9
8
A
7
18. Functions, Processes, Services, Applications
• Function = something that an organization does.
• According to TOGAF, a function "delivers business capabilities
closely aligned to an organization, but not explicitly governed by
the organization."
• Process = how the organization performs a function.
• There are many cross function processes, and cross
organizational processes.
• According to TOGAF, a process "is a flow of interactions between
functions and services that cannot be physically deployed. All
processes should describe the flow of execution for a function and
therefore the deployment of a process is through the function it
supports;
• i.e., an application implements a function that has a process,
not an application implements a process."
19. Functions, Processes, Services, Applications
• Follow the purple crayon:
• Function is realized by Process.
• Function is bounded by a Business
Service which may be automated
by an IS Service, which is further
implemented by an Application.
• In this workshop we are not
specifically modeling Business
Services or Information System
(IS) Services; we use the direct
relation between Function and
Application.
20. Functions, Processes, Services, Applications
• From TOGAF spec:
• Function encapsulates
Business Service
• Business Service
encapsulates
Functions
• Business Service can
be performed by
Information System
(IS) Service
• IS Service part of
Application
Component
21. Reference
Models
Business Process Modeling (BPMN) Input to EA
RSA
Enterprise Architecture
Mobile Loans
Approval
Process
Delivery
Business Process
Modeling, Capturing
& Redesigning
Leverage what
everyone else is doing
Decision Making Platform:
Cause-effect Analysis,
Heatmaps, Business
Analytics & Dashboards
EA Transition Planning
EA Cockpit SA/Pub,
SA/XT,
SA/DM
Visio Models
•Import w SA-Visio Mapper Utility
BPMN Modeling in SA
BPMN Modeling in SA/XT
3.3.1
3.3.1
Solution
Design
System
Architect
IBM BlueWorksLive
3.3.2
22. Perform Lab 3.1: Business Architecture
• Lab 3.1
1. Import business Functions
2. Auto-Build Functional Decomposition Diagram
3. Add New Functions
4. Understand Function Owners
24. SA/XT – Live BPMN Modeling on Web Browser
• Model on BPMN near-zero
footprint web interface
• Only JavaScript to enable
• Model and save directly in
SA repository
• Can use SA rich-client on
same repository at same
time
Storage
Collaboration
Query
Discovery
Administration:
Users, projects,
process
Best Practice Processes
Presentation:
Mashups
Future
IBM
Capabilities
Product
& Project
Management
Collaborative
Lifecycle
Management Engineering
& Software
Tools
Business
Planning &
Alignment
Your
existing
capabilities
3rd-Party
Jazz
Capabilities
Compliance
& Security
Storage
Collaboration
Query
Discovery
Administration:
Users, projects,
process
Best Practice Processes
Best Practice Processes
Presentation:
Mashups
Future
IBM
Capabilities
Future
IBM
Capabilities
Product
& Project
Management
Collaborative
Lifecycle
Management Engineering
& Software
Tools
Engineering
& Software
Tools
Business
Planning &
Alignment
Business
Planning &
Alignment
Your
existing
capabilities
Your
existing
capabilities
3rd-Party
Jazz
Capabilities
Compliance
& Security
SQL Server or
Oracle Database
System
Architect Server
Microsoft IIS
Server
System
Architect
System
Architect XT
OSLC
BPMN modeling in SA/XT
B
25. SA – Visio Integration through Mapper Utility
• SA-Visio Mapper Utility available for
free on DeveloperWorks
• Map any Visio diagram to System
Architect
• Mapper Utility reads Visio diagram
and provides side-by-side mapping
interface to user
Landscape diagram in Visio
Diagram imported into SA
C
26. IBM BlueworksLive
• Easy web interface
• Engage line of business users
in process discovery,
documentation, & simple
process automation
• Import/Export:
• Import Visio XML diagram
format (.vdx)
• Bidirectional support for BPMN
2.0 interchange
• Bidirectional support for XPDL
2.1
• Generate IBM Websphere
Business Modeler XML
(Version 7.0)
• Generate to Microsoft Excel
(.xls)
D
27. SA-BlueWorksLive Integration via BPMN 2.0 Interchange
IBM BlueWorksLive to
SA via BPMN 2.0
Interchange
Bi-directional
BPMN in BlueWorksLive
1
2 Export in
BlueWorksLive
5
3 Export Choices in
BlueWorksLive
BPMN model in SA after import
4 BPMN Import into SA
D
28. Use of Reference Models to Jump Start EA Effort
IBM Is a member of the APQC.org,
and has helped develop several
industry process frameworks,
including:
Aerospace & Defense
Automotive
Banking
Broadcasting
Consumer Products
Electric Utilities
Petroleum Downstream
Petroleum Upstream
Pharmaceutical
Telecommunications
Pre-established 5-layer process
framework can be import into
modeling tools
Example:
APQC
Process
Framework
for Banking
which IBM
helped
develop
E
29. Using APQC
• According to APQC's John Tessmer,
"The PCF was originally envisioned
and is still based on the premise that
it is a classification system or
taxonomy of business processes,
similar to how a dictionary
classifies words. The categorization
does not imply that organizations
structure their internal operations
according to the taxonomy; it merely
provides a facility to help define
processes so that they can be
understood and referenced in a
consistent manner. Similarly, a
dictionary won't instruct you in
proper grammar or sentence
construction — you would have to
refer to a style guide for that."
30. Perform Labs 3.2 and 3.3: Business Architecture
• Lab 3.2
1. Examine APQC Process Framework for Banking
• Lab 3.3
1. Model a Process Flow with BPMN 2.0
2. Utilize BPMN 2.0 Interchange to Import BlueWorks Flow
3. Link Processes with Functions they Orchestrate
4. Create Function/Process Parent/Child Navigation Links
31. • Lab Intro
• TOGAF Preliminary Stage
• Business Architecture
• Business Service Layer
• Information Systems Architecture
• Application Portfolio Management
• Analysis
Agenda
32. Business Service
• A Business Service can be
manual or automated
• It provides governed interface to
access Functions
• It supports business Processes
• It can be implemented by an
Information System (IS) Service
-- a fully automated service,
similar to what the industry might
call a SOA service
33. FEA Services Reference Model (SRM)
• US Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA) Service Reference Model
(SRM)
• Part of the Consolidated Reference Model
• Contains a taxonomy of all of the services performed by all agencies of
the United States government, as specified by the US Office of
Management and Budget (OMB).
• Agencies must show that any system they wish funded support a
service in the SRM
• The commercial industry has adopted the SRM as a guide to what their
business is doing/should be doing
34. FEA Services Reference Model (SRM)
Best Practice:
• After importing the SRM, the Enterprise Architect can delete
Business Services not used in the organization, and add
Business Services that are used.
• The SRM is used to jump start the EA effort
35. FEA Services Reference Model (SRM)
For this Workshop:
• Metamodel of the SRM we use in workshop is modified from
SRM provided by the US government.
• In workshop metamodel, decomposition property of the
Service definition has been utilized to provide hierarchy of
services.
• In the US government's SRM, the metamodel starts with
highest level Service Domain, then breaks down into Service
Type, and then Service Component (lowest level). The SA
FEA Reference model add-in allows you to import that SRM
(provided by the US government via an xml file on
whitehouse.gov), align your architecture with it, & produce
reports mandated by OMB
36. Perform Lab 4: Business Service Layer
1. Import Modified Version of FEA Services Reference Model (SRM)
2. Add Business Service to the Architecture
37. • Lab Intro
• TOGAF Preliminary Stage
• Business Architecture
• Business Service Layer
• Information Systems Architecture
• Application Portfolio Management
• Analysis
Agenda
38. Logical vs Physical App Components (and Tech Components)
• Optional to model Logical Application
Components
• Example:
– Sales Licensing tool
– Web development tool
– Enterprise Architecture tool
• Enables better analysis
• Understand how many Process
Modeling tools you have
• Understand why a tool is being used
(Photoshop for Web Dev)
• In SA, Application Component
definition has toggle for “Physical”; if
not toggled, it is logical app
component
• Note in TOGAF metamodel, Logical
App Component not connected to
Logical Tech Component
39. Application Component (Logical)
Enterprise Architecture tool
Requirements Management tool
Software Design tool
Change Management
Collaborative Development tool
Application Component (Physical)
System Architect
DOORS
Rational Software Architect
Rational Team Concert
Examples of Logical & Physical App & Tech Components
Technology Component (Logical)
Relational Database
Operating System
Mobile Operating System
Web Browser Script Language
Technology Component (Physical)
Microsoft SQL Server database
Windows
Android
JavaScript
40. Use of Application, Data, and Technical Reference Models
• Application, Data, & Process
Reference Models:
• Telecommunications Forum Telecom
Applications Map (TAM) of TMForum
– Used by Telecom & other
industries
– Also: SID – Standard Information
Database
– Also: eTom – Business Process
Framework
• IBM & System Architect are TMForum
Certified
– Encyclopedia provided prepopulated with
TAM, eTOM, & SID
– IBM provides Telecom Catalog Order
Management Solution – maps IBM
solutions to SID, eTOM, TAM
IBM Catalog Driven
Order Management
Solution
Mapping to SID
Mapping to eTOM
41. Perform Lab 5: Information Systems Architecture
• Lab 5
1. Import Spreadsheet of Physical Applications
2. Visualize Physical Application Interfaces
3. Import Pre-Built Explorer Reports & Analytic Collections
4. Visualize Application Interfaces
5. Add an Application
• Lab 6
1. Utilize TMForum TAM for Logical Application Reference Model
2. Map Logical to Physical Apps
3. Build Report for Functions, Logical Apps, Physical Apps
1. Generate Report to HTML
2. Generate Report to Grid
3. Generate ‘Partial’ Report
4. Model Data Flows between Logical Apps (Optional)
42. Report to HTML
• Functions, their
Logical
Applications, and
their related
Physical
Applications
41
43. Report to Grid
• Functions, their Logical
Applications, and their
related Physical
Applications
42
44. • Lab Intro
• TOGAF Preliminary Stage
• Business Architecture
• Business Service Layer
• Information Systems Architecture
• Application Portfolio Management
• Analysis
Agenda
45. Application Portfolio Analysis & Management
• Assess Applications using APM tools
• Cost of application
• Invest, Divest, Maintain
• Dev bandwidth
• What are the business priorities?
• What is working well?
• What is unnecessary, redundant or
obsolete?
• Where can costs be cut?
• Query workforce – example: vote on
usefulness and usability of applications used
48. • Lab Intro
• TOGAF Preliminary Stage
• Business Architecture
• Business Service Layer
• Information Systems Architecture
• Application Portfolio Management
• Analysis
Agenda
49. • Use the architecture to answer questions:
• Budget Constraints
– If a System is retired, what Capabilities are affected?
– How many projects are underway to supply similar capabilities?
– If I want to field a new system, what other systems do I currently have that
are similar to it, based on functions they perform?
• Disaster Recovery
– If a System is put out of service, what Capabilities are affected?
• Risk
– If an operating system is changed, what Capabilities could be affected?
Gap Analysis and Cause-Effect Analysis
53. • Use the architecture to answer questions:
• Budget Constraints
– How can we reduce costs to meet budget constraints but still provide
needed Capabilities
– What are the costs associated with Activities and Systems that
support a Capability?
– Unintended effects of cost reduction – if we virtualize servers, what
Apps are affected; what Activities are affected; what Capabilities are
put at risk?
– Lots of ways to calculate costs: Activity Based Costing, Cost of
Purchased Systems, Maintenance, Manpower, etc
• Disaster Recovery
– What capabilities are at risk if different systems go down at certain
locations?
– Is there a disaster recovery plan in place for important systems?
Analytics and Heatmaps
56. End of Current Workshop Exercises
• The Next Sections Are for Theory Only
57. TOGAF Metamodel Extensions for Infrastructure
• Metamodel Additions Needed to Model Application and IT
Portfolio to Version and Instance Level
Physical Application Component Instance
Physical Technology Component Type
Physical Application Component Version
<<Abstract>>
Configuration Item
<<Phy sical>>
Application Component
<<Phy sical>>
Technology Component
<<Logical>>
Technology Component
<<Logical>>
Application Component
Operating Sy stem Instance
Physical Data Component
Architecture Building Block
Platform Service
IS Service
Logical Data Component Solution Building Block
Data Entity
Location
Vendor
Database Instance
Device Instance
Server Instance
deployed instance of
is extended by
is extended by
is realized by
deployed instance of
has deployable version
hosted at
is implemented by
deployable version of
decomposes
implements
supplies
encapsulates
operates on
is realized by
encapsulates
supports
deployed instance of
hosted at
provided by
58. TOGAF Metamodel Extensions for Infrastructure
• Configuration Item =
A physical device or
executable software
that is part of an
enterprise’s current
infrastructure.
• Is abstract
• Is instantiated by
• Physical Application
Instance
• Server Instance
• Database Instance
• Device Instance
Physical Technology Component Type
Physical Application Component Version
Physical Application Component Instance
<<Abstract>>
Configuration Item
<<Physical>>
Technology Component
Operating System Instance
<<Physical>>
Application Component
Architecture Building Block
<<Logical>>
Technology Component
<<Logical>>
Application Component
Physical Data Component
Logical Data Component Solution Building Block
Database Instance
Device Instance
Server Instance
Platform Service
Location
IS Service
Data Entity
Vendor
deployed instance of
is extended by
is extended by
is realized by
deployed instance of
has deployable version
hosted at
is implemented by
deployable version of
decomposes
implements
supplies
encapsulates
operates on
is realized by
encapsulates
supports
deployed instance of
hosted at
provided by
59. Application Component (Logical)
Enterprise Architecture tool
Requirements Management tool
Software Design tool
Change Management
Collaborative Development tool
Application Component (Physical)
System Architect
DOORS
Rational Software Architect
Rational Team Concert
Physical Application Component Version
System Architect 11.4.2.5
DOORS 10.1
RSA 8.0
Physical Application Component Instance
System Architect 11.4.2.5 License 1
TOGAF Metamodel Extensions for Infrastructure
Technology Component (Logical)
Relational Database
Operating System
Mobile Operating System
Web Browser Script Language
Physical Technology Component Type
Microsoft SQL Server database
Windows
Android
JavaScript
Technology Component (Physical)
Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2
Microsoft Windows 7
JavaScript 4
Database Instance
SQL Server 2008 R2 Running Instance
Operating System Instance
Windows 7 Running Instance
Device Instance
Lenovo Laptop S/N 1234
60. TOGAF 9.1 Extensions for Infrastructure by IBM
59
Physical Application
Instance
Physical Application
Version
Operating System
Instance
Device Instance
Technology
Component (Physical)
Lenovo W510
SA 11.4.3.2 -- L1234
Lenovo W510 S#1234
Windows 7 – L1234
Application
Component (Phys)
SA 11.4.3.2
SA
Application
Component (Log)
EA Tool
Technology
Component (Physical)
Windows 7
Physical Technology
Component Type
Lenovo Laptop
Physical Technology
Component Type
Windows
Technology
Component (Logical)
Technology
Component (Logical)
Laptop
Operating System
Base TOGAF 9.1
IBM extensions for infrastructure
61. Simplified TOGAF 9.1 Extensions – SA 11.4.3.2
60
Physical Application
Instance
Physical Application
Version
Operating System
Instance
Device Instance
Technology
Component (Physical)
Lenovo W510
SA 11.4.3.2 -- L1234
Lenovo W510 S#1234
Windows 7 – L1234
Application
Component (Phys)
SA 11.4.3.2
SA
Application
Component (Log)
EA Tool
Technology
Component (Physical)
Windows 7
Physical Technology
Component Type
Lenovo Laptop
Physical Technology
Component Type
Windows
Technology
Component (Logical)
Technology
Component (Logical)
Laptop
Operating System
,<Operating System>
,<Device>
Base TOGAF 9.1
IBM extensions for infrastructure
62. 61
Tivoli Application Dependency Discovery Manager (TADDM)
Application Mapping with
Dependencies
– Agent-less and Credential-free
– Discover interdependencies
between Applications,
middleware, servers and
network components)
64. System Architect – TADDM Integration
TADDM produces XML
output file
SA-TADDM Integration
provides VBA integration
that utilizes XML Mapping
file to import TADDM info
into SA definition/property
set
TADDM Export
SA-TADDM
Mapping File
SA-TADDM
Integration in
SA
65. Perform Lab 8: Infrastructure Analysis
1. Import Infrastructure Info from CMDB tool
2. Create Heatmap
67. Notices and Disclaimers (con’t)
Information concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of those products, their published
announcements or other publicly available sources. IBM has not tested those products in connection with this
publication and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM
products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products.
IBM does not warrant the quality of any third-party products, or the ability of any such third-party products to
interoperate with IBM’s products. IBM EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
The provision of the information contained herein is not intended to, and does not, grant any right or license under any
IBM patents, copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual property right.
• IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com, Bluemix, Blueworks Live, CICS, Clearcase, DOORS®, Enterprise Document
Management System™, Global Business Services ®, Global Technology Services ®, Information on Demand,
ILOG, Maximo®, MQIntegrator®, MQSeries®, Netcool®, OMEGAMON, OpenPower, PureAnalytics™,
PureApplication®, pureCluster™, PureCoverage®, PureData®, PureExperience®, PureFlex®, pureQuery®,
pureScale®, PureSystems®, QRadar®, Rational®, Rhapsody®, SoDA, SPSS, StoredIQ, Tivoli®, Trusteer®,
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