The document provides an overview of ancient Greek civilization from 3000 BC to 350 BC. It discusses the Bronze Age civilizations of Minoans and Mycenaeans, the Archaic Age dominated by the city-states of Sparta and Athens, and the Persian Wars between Greece and the Persian Empire in the 5th century BC that helped usher in Greece's Golden Age. Key events include the development of democracy in Athens, the Greco-Persian Wars including battles at Marathon, Thermopylae and Salamis, and the eventual defeat of the Persian invasion forces, establishing Greece as a dominant power in the Mediterranean world.

1. W E E K 4
The Civilization of the Greeks

2. • 3 0 0 0 B C – 3 5 0 B C
• I N T R O D U C T I O N
• B R O N Z E & A R C H A I C A G E
• S P A R T A
• A T H E N S
• T H E P E R S I A N W A R S
• T H E G O L D E N A G E
Overview
Discobolus, c. 450 BC,
Myron, Roman Copy

3. Homework
 Chapter 3
 Quiz on Ch. 3 (10/6)
 Extra Credit Video
(10/6)

4. Introduction to Greece
 Geography of Greece
 Climate
 Mediterranean Triad
 Natural Resources

5. The Indo-Europeans, c. 2000 BC

6. Bronze Age Greece

7. Bronze Age Greece
 Minoans,
c.3000 – 1500 BC
 Thalassocracy
 Mycenaeans,
c.2000 – 1150 BC
 Redistributive Economy
 Trade
 Warfare
 Art
Fresco, Thera

8. The Palace at Knossos

9. Palace at Knossos Priest-King, c.1550 BC
Knossos

10. Bull Leaping Fresco, c. 1450 BC

11. Mycenae

12. Mycenean Dagger

13. Mask of Agamemnon, c. 1500 BC

14. The Bronze Age Near East (c. 1400 BC)

15. Dark Ages, c. 1200 – c. 800 BC
 Sea Peoples
 Iron Age
 Phoenician Alphabet
 Homer
 8th century BC
 Iliad and Odyssey
 Aristocrats
 Heroes
 Arete
 Achilles
 Human Beings
Homer by Jean-Baptiste
Auguste Leloir, 1841

16. Ramses III, Medinet Habu (c. 1176 BC)

17. The Slaying of Hector, 5th C BC, Athenian

18. The Bible, Genesis 1:1-5 The Iliad, Book 1, L 1-6
"In the beginning, when God created
the heavens and the earth — and the
earth was without form or shape, with
darkness over the abyss and a mighty
wind sweeping over the waters—
Then God said: Let there be light, and
there was light. God saw that the
light was good. God then separated
the light from the darkness. God
called the light 'day,' and the darkness
he called 'night.' Evening came, and
morning followed—the first day.”
“Sing, O goddess, the wrath of
Achilles son of Peleus, that brought
countless ills upon the Achaeans.
Many a brave soul did it send
hurrying down to Hades, and many
a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and
vultures, for so were the counsels of
Zeus fulfilled from the day on which
the son of Atreus, king of men, and
great Achilles, first fell out with one
another.”
Founding Documents

19. Archaic Age,
c. 800 BC –
500 BC
• Warfare
• Chariots
• Hoplites
• Phalanx
• Aristocrats
• Farmers
• Property
Chigi Vase, 640 BC

20. The Archaic Age (800 – 500 BC)
 The Polis
 Oikos
 Oligarchy
 Citizenship
 Classes:
 Aristocrats/oligarchs
 Farmers
 Poor
 Non-citizens
 Slaves
 Colonization
 Ionian League
 Miletus

21. Greek Colonization

22. Temple of Hera I, Paestum, Italy, c. 540-530 BC

23. Reactions to Oligarchy
 Tyrants
 Corinth
 Cypselus
 Trade
 Oligarchy
 Sparta
 Athens
 Democracy
The Tyrannicides, Kritios and
Nesiotes, c. 477 BC

24. Ancient Greece

25. Sparta
 Lycurgus, c. 700 BC
 Mobilized
 Messenia
 The Agoge
 3 classes
 Citizens/Spartiates
 Periokoi
 Helots
 Government
 Kings
 Council of Elders
 Ephors
 Assembly
 The Peloponnesian League

26. Athenian Democracy
 Oligarchy
 Pisistratus, 560 BC
 Cleisthenes, 508 BC
 Government:
 Aereopagus
 Council of 500
 The Assembly
 10 Generals
 Ostracism
 Jury Trials

27. Pnyx

28. The Speakers’ Platform

29. Ostraca

30. The Ancient World c. 600 BC

31. The Persian Empire
 Late 6th century BC
 Indo-European
 Cyrus the Great (r. 559 –
530 BC)
 Satrap and Satrapy
 Immortals
 Zoroastrianism
 Zoroaster
 Ahura Mazda
 Ahriman
 Magi
Tomb of Cyrus the Great

32. Persepolis, c.500 BC

33. The Persian Empire

34. The Persian Wars
 Darius I the Great
(r. 521-486 BC)
 Ionian Revolt
(499-494 BC)
 Athens
 1st Persian Invasion
 Battle of Marathon
(490 BC)
 Pheidippides

35. The Persian Wars

37. Burial mound at Marathon

38. 2nd Persian Invasion (480 – 479 BC)
 Xerxes I (r. 486 – 465 BC)
 Leonidas (540 – 480 BC)
 Themistocles (c. 524 –
459 BC)
 Battle of Thermopylae
(480 BC)
 Battle of Salamis (480 BC)
 Athenian navy
 Trireme
 Battle of Plataea (479 BC)
Persian Soldiers, Persepolis, 5th Century BC

39. The Persian Wars

40. Battles of Thermopylae & Artemisium, 480 BC

41. “Go tell the Spartans, stranger passing by,
that here, obedient to their laws, we lie.”

42. Battle of Thermopylae
Leonidas at Thermopylae,
David, 1814
300, film, 2006

43. Thermopylae Today

44. Thermopylae Today

45. Thermopylae Today

46. Thermopylae Today

48. Battle of Salamis

49. Votive Offering, Athens, late 5th Cent BC

50. Olympias

51. 5th Century Greek Trireme

52. The Persian Empire