keyboard shortcuts

1. © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Keyboard Shortcuts
™
by Dean Pirera
Mac OS X
for os x leopard
How to Use

2. © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
First Published in NSW, Australia 2008 by:
Dean Pirera
PO Box 767 Byron Bay, NSW 2481 Australia
www.osxkeyboardshortcuts.com
National Library of Australia
Cataloguing-in-Publication entry:
Pirera, Dean Andrew.
How to Use Mac OS X Keyboard Shortcuts
Includes index
ISBN 9-780646-463513
1. Mac OS - Handbooks, manuals etc. 2. Electronic data processing - Keyboarding -
Handbooks, manuals, etc.
I. Title.
005.365
Copyright © Dean Pirera 20087. All rights reserved.
The terms Apple, Macintosh, Mac, OS X, Leopard, Tiger, Panther, Adobe, Microsoft, Finder,
Mail, iLife, iDVD, iMovie, iPhoto, iTunes, iWeb, Garageband, Safari, Mail, Windows, Windows
Explorer are trademarks of their respective owners.
DISCLAIMER
Information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. However, because of
the possibility of human or mechanical error by our sources, Dean Pirera Byron IT does not
guarantee the accuracy or adequacy of any information. Whilst every precaution has been
taken in the preparation of this Book, Dean Pirera Byron IT is not responsible for errors
or omissions, or for damages or loss resulting from the use of the information contained
herein.
Prepress and printing by Flawless Imaging Australia
Graphic design and layout by Marcia Owen and Dean Pirera

3. iiiTable of Contents | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
1-2 About This Book
1 Keyboard Shortcuts
1 Some Quick Theory
1-2 Understanding Symbols
2 Included In This Guide
2 Acknowledgements
3-8 Key Descriptions
3 Types of Keys
3-4 Character Keys
4-5 Modifier Keys
5-6 Arrow Keys
6-8 Function Keys
9 Keyboard Symbols
11-16 Accents & Special Characters
11 Accent Codes (for vowels)
11 Other Foreign Characters
12 Mathematical Symbols
12 Currency Symbols
13 Punctuation Symbols
13 Miscellaneous Characters
14 Character Palette
17-18 Troubleshooting Keys
19-34 OS X
21-24 Getting around in OS X
25-28 Special Features
29-34 Finder
35-40 Mail
41-44 Address Book
45-50 Safari
51-56 iTunes
Introduction
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Table of Contents

4. iv Table of Contents | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
57-80 iLife ’08
59-62 iPhoto
63-68 iWeb
69-72 iMovie
73-76 iDVD
77-80 GarageBand
81-90 Index
Chapter 6

5. 1Introduction - About This Book | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Introduction
Keyboard Shortcuts
This book shows you how to use the keyboard instead of your mouse
to efficiently operate your Apple Macintosh computer. Different key
combinations called “keyboard shortcuts” provide fast ways to initiate
different actions. Utilising keyboard shortcuts allows you to move simply
and quickly on your Mac.
Some Quick Theory
This book is written exclusively for Mac OS X. “Mac OS X” means Macintosh
Operating System Version 10 (there were nine other versions before this
one) and it is the name given to the underlying software that makes your
Apple computer work.
There are two basic ways to give an instruction on your Mac. One is
through pressing the keys on the keyboard and the other is by moving
and clicking the mouse. This book guides you through hundreds of ways
to command your Mac by pressing the keys.
Note: Using a non-standard Apple keyboard or altering your default
keyboard shortcut settings may cause some keyboard shortcuts to not
function correctly.
All keyboard shortcuts included in this book are current with the latest
Mac operating system, OS X 10.5 Leopard.
Understanding Symbols
When you click the top menu bar on your screen, for example “File”,
you will see a vertical menu drop down displaying various words and
About This Book

6. 2 Introduction - About This Book | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
phrases. These words and phrases are commands. To the right of some
of these commands are groups of symbols and characters. Two examples
are “⌘O” or “⇧⌘S”.
This notation is Apple shorthand for keyboard shortcuts - each shortcut
refers to a specific command.
It’s important you learn what each symbol represents so that you know
which keys to press when applying a shortcut. This is further explained on
later pages in this book (see Key Descriptions page 3 and Apple Keyboard
Symbols table, page 9).
Included In This Guide
This meticulously compiled reference guide covers core Mac OS X
applications and contains over 1,000 quick shortcuts. Keyboard shortcuts
have been laid out in clear and precise information tables providing a
solid framework for learning.
Descriptions of all keys are included and there is a section on accents,
special characters and troubleshooting keys. Each keyboard shortcut in
this book has been tested and checked.
Using keyboard shortcuts builds fast navigation skills and helps you gain
confidence on your Mac. Applying even just a few of these shortcuts can
save you time and money. This book will help you understand your Mac
better and harness its full potential.
How to Use Mac OS X Keyboard Shortcuts is the most comprehensive
shortcuts reference guide of its kind available and is highly recommended
for any Mac user.
Acknowledgements
My sincere thanks to Marcia Owen, Clayton Lloyd, Mark Harris, Desiree
Delaloye, Serge Benhayon, Gail Fuller, John Saunders, Cameron Bell and
Phil Wallace for their input into the design, editing and proofing of this
book and above of all for their honest feedback throughout the entire
project.

7. 3Introduction - Key Descriptions | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Types of Keys
There are four kinds of keys: Character keys, Modifier keys, Arrow keys,
and Function keys.
The following descriptions explain these keys in detail including what
the symbols marked on your Apple keyboard and within Apple file menus
actually mean.
Character Keys
A character key sends a character to the computer. When the user holds
down a modifier key, it alters the meaning of the character key being
pressed.
Character keys include letters, numbers, punctuation, the Space Bar, and
nonprinting characters Tab, Enter, Return, Delete (or Backspace), Clear,
and Esc (Escape).
Space Bar
In text, pressing the Space Bar enters a space between characters.
When full keyboard access is turned on (see “Full Keyboard Navigation
with Universal Access & VoiceOver” on page 22), pressing the Space Bar
selects the item that currently has the keyboard navigation focus (the
equivalent of clicking the mouse button).
⇥ Tab
The Tab key is used to insert a tab character when typing text. It can also
advance you to the next item, window, box, option or menu within an
application. You may need to test this one out to get the complete hang
of it.
Key Descriptions

8. 4 Introduction - Key Descriptions | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
⌤ Enter
The Enter key, performs almost exactly the same function as the Return
key. It does have some subtle differences but these go beyond the scope
of this book. See Return key.
↩ Return
Pressing the Return key moves the cursor to the next line when using any
sort of text editor or processor like Mail or Word. It is also used to select
the highlighted button in a dialog box menu.
⌫ Delete
This is the Backward Delete or Backspace key and on some keyboards is
marked as a left pointing arrow “←” or just “delete”. This key moves the
cursor one position backwards, deleting the preceding character.
Clear
Pressing the Clear button in some applications will remove the selected
data. For example, in Excel, it clears the data within a cell. This button is
rarely used and is not found on laptops.
⎋ Escape
The Escape key, which is marked “esc” on most keyboards, can be used
to dismiss pop up windows. In many cases, pressing it does nothing.
However, it can sometimes get you out of trouble by making the computer
go back or escape to a previous screen.
Modifier Keys
Modifierkeysalterthewayotherkeystrokesormouseclicksareinterpreted.
When the user holds down a modifier key, it alters the meaning of the
character key being pressed or what the mouse does when clicked.

9. 8 Introduction - Key Descriptions | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
⇤ Back-Tab
This is not a key. Back-tab is accessed by holding down Shift whilst
pressing the Tab key. It reverses the direction of normal tabbing. See
also Tab key.
 Mouse Click
This is not a key. Mouse click in this book refers to the mouse button (or
left button on a standard 2 button mouse).
Num Lock
The “num lock” key pertains only to laptops. This key is a toggle key and
is also labelled F6.
When “num lock” is on, the embedded keypad is activated. If you look
closely at the laptop keyboard you will see small numbers and symbols
painted on corners of 17 of the middle-right keys.
Picture 1: laptop keyboard
Toggling A Key
A toggle key is any key which turns a specific function on or off by pressing
it once. “num lock” and “caps lock” are examples of toggle keys. When
a toggle key is pressed on, a green light called a led usually appears on
or near that key indicating that its function is active. When pressed again
the led switches off and that key’s function is deactivated.

10. 9Introduction - Keyboard Symbols | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Symbol Key Name Keyboard Label
⌘ Command ⌘ or �
⌥ Option option or alt
⇧ Shift shift
⌃ Control control or ctrl
⌫ Backward Delete delete or ←
⌦ Forward Delete delete or del or ⌦
⎋ Escape esc
⏏ Eject ⏏
fn Fn Key fn
F1, F2, F3 ... F16 Function F1, F2, F3 ... F16
↩ Return return
⌤ Enter enter
⌽ Power button ⌽
← Left Arrow ←
→ Right Arrow →
↑ Up Arrow ↑
↓ Down Arrow ↓
⇞ Page Up page up or pg up
⇟ Page Down page down or pg dn
↖ Home home
↘ End end
⇥ Tab tab
⇤ Back-Tab no key
� Help help (or ins)
 Mouse click no key - mouse click button
(left click on a two-button
mouse)
(not applicable) Clear clear
(not applicable) Caps Lock caps lock
(not applicable) Number Lock num lock
space Space bar (no label)
Keyboard Symbols

11. 11Introduction - Accents & Special Characters | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Accents &
Special Characters
From time to time you may need to use more uncommon characters
or symbols, for example £, °, ™, ¿ and Ω. The following tables list all
special, foreign, mathematical and miscellaneous characters and symbols
available through the keyboard.
Accent Codes (for vowels)
Letter Accent Type Shortcut
Á é Acute ⌥E let go then press any vowel
 â Circumflex ⌥I let go then press any vowel
À à Grave ⌥` let go then press any vowel
à ã Tilde ⌥N let go then press a, n or o
(only works with a, n & o)
Ä ä Umlaut ⌥U let go then press any vowel
Examples:
To type ê hold down ⌥ then the I key. Release both keys, then type the lower case e.
To type Õ hold down ⌥ then the N key. Release both keys, then type the upper case O.
Other Foreign Characters
Character Explanation Shortcut
« Spanish/French
quotation marks
⌥
¡ Upside-down exclamation
mark
⌥1
ß German Sharp/Double S ⌥S
» Spanish/French
quotation marks
⌥⇧
¿ Upside-down question mark ⌥⇧/
Æ æ AE ligature
(caps / lower case)
⌥⇧’ or ⌥’
Å å Nordic A ring
(caps / lower case)
⌥⇧A or ⌥A
Ç ç French C cedile
(caps / lower case)
⌥⇧C or ⌥C

12. 17Introduction - Troubleshooting Keys | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
The table below lists shortcut keys for troubleshooting your Mac or
accessing it in different ways. Keep this table handy.
On Startup
Start up from a bootable CD Press and hold C during startup
Eject a CD or DVD Hold Mouse button down
immediately after startup
Force the internal hard disk (or first partition) to be
the startup device
Press and hold D during startup
Attempt to start up from a compatible network
server
(NetBoot)
Press and hold N during startup
Force PowerBook to reset the screen Press and hold R during startup
Start up in FireWire Target Disk mode Press and hold T during startup
Force Mac OS X startup Press and hold X during startup
Select startup operating system Press and hold ⌥ during startup
Start up in Safe Boot mode and temporarily disable
login items and non-essential kernel extension
files (Mac OS X 10.2 and later)
Press and hold ⇧ during startup
Start up in Single-User mode (command line) Press and hold ⌘S during startup
Start up in Verbose mode Press and hold ⌘V during startup
Clear NV RAM Press and hold ⌥⌘NV during
startup
Boot into open firmware Press and hold ⌥⌘OF during
startup
Zap PRAM (hold down until second chime) Press and hold ⌥⌘PR during
startup
Bypass primary startup volume and seek a different
startup volume (such as a CD or external disk)
Press and hold ⌥⇧⌘⌫ during
startup
When System is Running
Force Quit (Application) ⌥⌘⎋
Quit all applications and restart ⌃⌘⏏
Force shutdown computer Press and hold the power button
on the computer for six seconds
Troubleshooting Keys

13. 19Chapter 1 - OS X | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
1OS X

14. 20 Chapter 1 - OS X | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Organise your Mac with Finder,
execute commands from any
application and utilise special OS
X features including The Dock,
Dashboard, Spotlight, Universal
Access and VoiceOver.
OS X

15. 21Chapter 1 - OS X - Getting around in OS X | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Getting around in OS X
Learn to navigate windows, folders and files,
perform important operating system tasks,
instantly take screen snapshots and enable
Full Keyboard Access, Universal Access and
VoiceOver.

16. 22 Chapter 1 - OS X - Getting around in OS X | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Getting around in OS X
Restart, Sleep, Shutdown pop-up box ⌃⏏
Quit all applications and restart ⌃⌘⏏
Switch to that application and hide previous
application
⌥
(in another application)
Sleep ⌥⌘⏏ or ⌥⌘⌽
Show pop-up box for Restart, Sleep or Shutdown ⌽
Cycle through windows in application or Finder
(if more than one window is open)
⌘`
Show Colors palette in application ⌘C
Show pop up menu with path to current folder or
document
⌘ (the application window title)
Fast shutdown ⌃⌥⌘⌽ or ⌃⌥⌘⏏
Unconditionally reboot
(warning rebooting this way may corrupt disk)
⌃⌘⌽
Put late model PowerBooks Desktops to sleep ⌥⌘⌽
Bring up debugger (if debugger installed) ⌘⌽
New ⌘N
Open ⌘O
Close ⌘W
Save ⌘S
Save As... ⇧⌘S
Print ⌘P
Take a picture (screenshot) of the screen ⇧⌘3
Take a picture (screenshot) of the screen, but place
it in the Clipboard instead if making a file
⌃⇧⌘3
Take a picture (screenshot) of the selection ⇧⌘4
Take a picture (screenshot) of the selection, but
place it in
Clipboard instead if making a file
⇧⌘4 then press ⌃ while
selecting
Take a picture (screenshot) of the selected window ⇧⌘4 then space then 
Note: Screenshots are saved to the Desktop as a PNG file
Show Font palette in application ⌘T
Switch application ⌘⇥
Move or remove item from toolbar (at the top of
the window)
⌘ Drag item with mouse
Open Sidebar item in a new window ⌘ the Sidebar item
Cancel a drag-and-drop action while in the midst
of dragging
⎋ whilst dragging a file or folder

17. 25Chapter 1 - OS X - Special Features | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Special Features
Learn to use special OS X features including
The Dock, Dashboard, Exposé, Spaces,
Spotlight and Dictionary. These unique system
features provide efficient and creative access
to your Mac.

18. 26 Chapter 1 - OS X - Special Features | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
The Dock
Show contextual (pop up) menu ⌃ any Dock icon
or  and hold Dock icon
Note: When you click and hold a Dock icon, pressing ⌥ changes Quit to Force Quit
Reveal dock application, file or folder in the Finder ⌘ any Dock icon
Freeze current dock items from moving so icon can
be dropped onto an application
⌘ Drag into Dock
Open a file in a specific application ⌘ Drag into Dock
Force a file to open in a specific application ⌥⌘ Drag into Dock
Move a Dock item to somewhere else on the hard
drive
⌘ Drag the icon from the Dock
to a new destination in the Finder
window
Activate application/file and hide all other applica-
tions/windows (does not work in all applications)
⌥⌘ any Dock icon
Resize the Dock Drag Dock separator to size
Force the Dock to only resize to non-interpolated
icon sizes
Hold ⌥ while dragging Dock
separator
Move Dock to left, bottom, right side of screen Hold ⇧ and drag Dock divider to
the left right or bottom of screen
Show/Hide Dock ⌥⌘D
Dashboard
Delete widget without having to open widget menu ⌥ Hover over Widget
Show/Hide Widget Dock ⌘=
Cycle to next/previous “page” of widgets in widget
dock
⌘→ or ⌘←
Reload/refresh a widget ⌘R
Exposé Spaces
Show/Hide Spaces
To activate this shortcut, check the “Enable Spaces”
box in System PreferencesExposé Spaces
F8
Switch between Spaces ⌃← ⌃↓ ⌃→ or ⌃↑
Show All Windows
(Expose)
F9
Show All Windows of Current Application
(Expose)
F10
Clear Desktop
(Expose)
F11
Open Dashboard F12

19. 29Chapter 1 - OS X - Finder | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Finder
View and manage folders, customise
and add favourite items to the Finder
window, view detailed information
about files and folders and fast preview
documents and images with Cover Flow.

20. 30 Chapter 1 - OS X - Finder | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Getting around in Finder
Open Preferences ⌘,
Empty Trash ⇧⌘⌫
Empty Trash (skip pop-up box) ⌥⇧⌘⌫
New Finder Window ⌘N
Open ⌘O
Open in this Window ⌃⌘O
Always Open With (from the Finder menu) ⌥⌘O
Always Open WIth
(from the desktop or from within a Finder Window)
⌃ file, hold ⌥ then select the
application
Close Window ⌘W
Close All ⌥⌘W or ⌥ the red dot at the top
left of any standard window
Move to Trash ⌘⌫ or ⌥⌘⌫
Get Info ⌘I
Get Summary Info ⌃⌘I
Show/Hide Inspector
(a single, live refreshing Info window)
⌥⌘I
Cycle Through Windows ⌘’
Eject ⌘E
Minimise ⌘M
Minimise All ⌥⌘M
Hide Finder ⌘H
Hide Others ⌥⌘H
Working with Files Folders
New Folder ⇧⌘N
New Smart Folder ⌥⌘N
Rename the selected file/folder ↩ or ⌤
Quick Look/Close Quick Look ⌘Y
Slideshow/Close Slideshow ⌥⌘Y or ⎋
Undo/Redo ⌘Z
Cut ⌘X
Copy ⌘C
Copy file to new location ⌥ Drag
Move to new location without copying ⌘ Drag file or folder with mouse
Paste ⌘V

21. 35Chapter 2 - Mail | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
2Mail

22. 36 Chapter 2 - Mail | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Send and receive emails, attach
documents and pictures to
messages, send group emails, create
mailboxes, store multiple email
accounts, and customise message
text.
Mail

23. 37Chapter 2 - Mail | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Getting around in Mail
Open Preferences ⌘,
Close Preferences ⌘.
Get All New Mail ⇧⌘N
New Message ⌘N
New Note ⌃⌘N
New To Do ⌥⌘Y
Open Message ⌘O or double-click the message
or press ↩ (when the message is
highlighted)
Close (window) ⌘W
Close All (windows) ⌥⌘W
Save (as Draft) ⌘S
Save As... ⇧⌘S
Attach File ⇧⌘A
Quick Look Attachments ⌘Y
Print ⌘P
Delete (highlighted message) ⌫ or ⌘⌫
Minimise ⌘M
Minimise All ⌥⌘M
Hide Mail ⌘H
Hide Others (applications) ⌥⌘H
Quit Mail ⌘Q
Viewing
New Viewer Window ⌥⌘N
Show/Hide Activity Viewer ⌘0
Show/Hide Address Panel ⌥⌘A
View Message Long Headers / Default Headers ⇧⌘H
View Message Raw Source /Original Content ⌥⌘U
Plain Text Alternative ⌥⌘P
Previous Alternative ⌥⌘[
Next Alternative ⌥⌘]
Select All Messages in this Thread ⇧⌘K
Mailbox Search ⌥⌘F
Find... (text in a single message body) ⌘F

24. 41Chapter 3 - Address Book | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
3Address Book

25. 42 Chapter 3 - Address Book | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Stores names, phone numbers,
emails and addesses, create email
groups, make address labels and
print a pocket-sized address book.
Emails stored here are available in
Apple Mail.
Address Book

26. 45Chapter 4 - Safari | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
4Safari

27. 46 Chapter 4 - Safari | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Browse the internet, bookmark
favorite webpages, store login
passwords and use tabbed
browsing.
Safari

28. 51Chapter 5 - iTunes | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
5iTunes

29. 52 Chapter 5 - iTunes | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Store and play music from cds,
downloads, internet radio stations,
movies and podcasts. Buy music
and movies from the iTunes Store.
Create your own playlists and burn
audio cds. Synchronise your music
photos and films to your iPod and
iPhone.
iTunes

30. 57Chapter 6 - iLife | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
6iLife ’08

31. 58 Chapter 6 - iLife | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
The iLife ’08 suite consists of
iPhoto, iWeb, iMovie, iDVD and
GarageBand.
iLife ’08

32. 59Chapter 6 - iLife - iPhoto | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
iPhoto
Import photos to create your own albums,
slideshows, cards and calendars. Edit and
resize images, email pictures and upload
photos to the web.

33. 63Chapter 6 - iLife - iWeb | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
iWeb
Use iWeb to create and publish websites
and blogs. iWeb comes installed with
professionally designed website templates.
Learn to create complex web pages and build
your own professional looking site.

34. 69Chapter 6 - iLife - iMovie | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
iMovie
Create your own personally designed motion
pictures. Learn to edit, play and export your
movie into iDVD. Add music, text, special
effects and pictures to your video footage.

35. 73Chapter 6 - iLife - iDVD | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
iDVD
Create your very own DVDs using a range
of attractive Apple-designed themes. Insert
your choice of text, movies, pictures and mu-
sic from various Mac applications.

36. 77Chapter 6 - iLife - GarageBand | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Garageband
Record and create your own music for cd,
radio, movies and podcasts. Choose from
thousands of samples (loops) to complete
your own masterpiece.

37. 81Index | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
A
accents special characters, 11-16
accent codes (for vowels), 11
character palette, 14-15
currency symbols, 12-13
mathematical symbols, 12
miscellaneous characters, 13-14
other foreign characters, 11-12
punctuation symbols, 13
acknowledgements, 2
Address Book, 43-44
creating editing cards, 43
getting around in Address Book, 43
help menu, 44
services, 44
viewing, 43-44
albums (iPhoto), 60
alt, 5
apple menu, 23
arranging (GarageBand), 80
arrow, 6
arrow keys, 5-6
B
back-tab, 7
bookmarks (Safari), 48-49
C
caps lock, 5
character
explanation, 14-15
foreign, 11-12
keys, 3-4
miscellaneous, 13-14
palette, 14-15
picture 1, 15
clear, 4
command, 5
commands - miscellaneous (Mail), 40
controls
iTunes, 53-54
iPhoto (Slideshow),
Index

38. 82 Index | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
62
Chapters
Chapter 1 OS X, 19-34
Chapter 2 Mail, 35-40
Chapter 3 Address Book, 41-44
Chapter 4 Safari, 45-50
Chapter 5 iTunes, 51-56
Chapter 6 iLife ’08, 57-80
creating cards (Address Book), 43
currency symbols, 12-13
custom shortcuts (Safari), 49
D
dashboard, 26
delete, 4
dock (the), 26
E
editing
Address Book, 43
Finder, 30-31
GarageBand, 79-80
iDVD, 74-75
iMovie, 71-72
iPhoto, 61-62
iTunes, 55
iWeb, 64-67
Mail, 39
Safari, 47-48
eject, 7
end, 6
enter, 4
escape, 4
exposé spaces, 26
F
features (special), 25-28
files
Finder, 30-31
Finder, 29-33
getting around in Finder, 30
services, 32-33

39. 83Index | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
using the Finder window, 32
viewing navigating, 31-32
working with files folders, 30-31
fn, 7
folders
Finder, 30-31
iPhoto, 60
fonts (Mail), 39
foreign characters, 11-12
formatting
Address Book, 43
Finder, 30-31
GarageBand, 80
iDVD, 74-75
iMovie, 71-72
iPhoto, 61-62
iTunes, 55
iWeb, 64-65
Mail, 39
Safari, 47-48
forward delete, 6
full keyboard navigation, 24
function keys, 6-8
G
GarageBand, 77-80
editing, arranging recording, 80
getting around in GarageBand, 78
help menu, 80
in notation view, 79
playback navigation, 80
services, 80
track info pane, 78-79
tracks, 78
viewing windows editors, 79
getting around in
Address Book, 43
Finder, 30
GarageBand, 78
iDVD, 74
iMovie, 70

40. 84 Index | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
iPhoto, 60
iTunes, 53
iWeb, 64
Mail, 37
Safari, 47
Getting around in OS X, 21-24
help menu, 23
full keyboard navigation, 24
getting around in OS X (table), 22-23
mouse keys, 23
pop-up windows, 23
special features, 25-28
H
help
Address Book, 44
Finder, 23
GarageBand, 80
iDVD, 75
iMovie, 72
iPhoto, 62
iTunes, 56
iWeb, 67
Mail, 40
Safari, 50
help key, 6
home, 6
I
iDVD, 73-76
editing, 74-75
getting around in iDVD, 74
help menu, 75
services, 75
viewing, 74
working on a project, 75
iMovie, 69-72
editing, 71-72
getting around in iMovie, 70
help menu, 72
navigating, 70
viewing, 70-71

41. 85Index | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
included in this guide, 2
info pane (GarageBand), 78-79
intoduction, 1-10
iPhoto, 59-62
albums folders, 60
editing a photobook, 62
getting around in iPhoto, 60
help menu, 62
rating photos, 62
services, 62
slideshow controls, 62
viewing, 60-61
working with photos, 61-62
iPod, 56
iLife ’08, 59-80
iTunes, 53-56
controls, 53-54
editing, 55
getting around in iTunes, 53
help menu, 56
iPod, 56
iTunes store, 56
library playlist, 55-56
services, 56
viewing, 54-55
with visualiser on, 55
iWeb, 63-68
formatting text, 64-65
getting around in iWeb, 64
help menu, 67
manipulating objects, 65-66
selecting and editing, 66-67
services, 67
viewing, 64
K
keyboard shortcuts, 1
keyboard symbols, 9
keys/keyboard
alt, 5
arrow, 5-6

42. 86 Index | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
back-tab, 7
caps lock, 5
character, 3
clear, 4
command, 5
control, 5
delete, 4
descriptions, 3
eject, 7
end, 6
enter, 4
escape, 4
fn, 7
full keyboard navigation, 24
forward delete, 6
function, 6,7
help, 6
home, 6
modifer, 4
mouse click, 8
num lock, 8
option, 5
page down, 7
page up, 7
power, 7
return, 4
shift, 4-5
space bar, 3
symbols (table), 9
tab, 3
toggling, 8
troubleshooting, 17
types, 3
L
laptop keyboard (picture 1), 8
library (iTunes), 55-56
M
Mail, 37-40
getting around in Mail, 37
help menu, 40

43. 87Index | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
mailboxes, 38
miscellaneous commands, 40
receiving messages, 38
sending messages, 38-39
services, 40
viewing, 37-38
working with fonts, formatting
spelling, 39
mailboxes, 38
mathematical symbols, 12
messages (Mail), 38-39
miscellaneous characters, 13-14
miscellaneous commands (Mail), 40
miscellaneous shortcuts, 27-28
modifier keys, 4-5
mouse click, 8
mouse keys, 23
N
navigating/navigation
Finder, 31-32
full keyboard, 24
GarageBand, 80
iMovie, 70
Safari, 48-49
notation view (GarageBand), 79
num lock, 8
O
option, 5
OS X
getting around in Mail, 37
getting around in OS X, 21-24
getting around in OS X (table), 22-23
introduction, 1
theory (some quick), 1
P
page down, 7
page up, 7
photobook (iPhoto), 62
photo ratings (iPhoto), 62

44. 88 Index | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
picture 1 (laptop keyboard), 8
picture 2 (character palette), 14
playback (GarageBand), 80
playlist (iTunes), 55-56
pop-up windows, 23
power, 7
projects (iDVD), 75
punctuation symbols, 13
R
rating photos (iPhoto), 62
receiving messages (Mail), 38
recording (GarageBand), 80
return, 4
S
Safari, 47-50
bookmarks navigation, 48-49
custom shortcuts, 49
editing searching, 47-48
getting around in Safari, 47
help menu, 50
in bookmarks view, 49
services, 50
viewing, 47
searching (Safari), 47-48
sending messages (Mail), 38-39
services
Address Book, 44
Finder, 32-33
GarageBand, 80
iDVD, 75
iPhoto, 62
iTunes, 56
iWeb, 67
Mail, 40
Safari, 50
shift, 4
slideshow controls (iPhoto), 62
space bar, 3
special characters, 11
special features, 25-28

45. 89Index | © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
dashboard, 26
dock (the), 26
exposé spaces, 26
miscellaneous shortcuts, 27-28
spotlight, 27
spelling
iPhoto, 61-62
iWeb, 64-65
Mail, 39
Safari, 47-48
spotlight, 27
symbols, 2, 9
T
tab, 3
table of contents, iii-iv
theory, 1
toggling a key, 8
tracks (GarageBand), 78
troubleshooting keys, 17
types of keys, 3
U
understanding symbols, 1-2
V
viewing
Address Book, 43-44
Finder, 31-32
GarageBand, 79
iDVD, 74
iMovie, 70-71
iPhoto, 60-61
iTunes, 54-55
iWeb, 64
Mail, 37-3
Safari, 47, 49
visualiser iTunes, 55
W
window
Finder, 32
GarageBand, 79

46. © Dean Pirera 2008 - All Rights Reserved
™
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