This is a small power point presentation of a recently published research article.

1. Presented by :
K.SRIVIDHYA
f4c51140e9f611e997413f9b844f09b7
BTech.Biotechnology
SASTRA DEEMED UNIVERSITY
Thanjavur 1

2. • Bio fuels are the alternative energy – greener energy source
• Lignocellulosic (agricultural residues) are used as they are :
 inexpensive
 renewable
 abundant
Disadvantages :
o compact structure
o rigid nature
o recalcitrant structures
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3. PRETREATMENT TECHNIQUES :
1. Physical – using Gamma rays
2. Biological – using Fungi
3. Chemical – using mild acid,
Alkali.
Recent : (SAA) Soaked Aqueous
Ammonia and Organosolv.
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4.  Bio-methane production using SCB by combing two
pre-treatment techniques by anaerobic fermentation
 Two scenario's :
a) anaerobic digestion of liquid and solid parts
separately
b). Digestion of whole slurry after pre-treatment.
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5. 1. Raw material : Ball milled Sugarcane bagasse.
2. Pretreatment :
10g of SCB
70g of 10% ammonia +
70g 5%, 25% and 50%
of ethanol
50 and 70 °C for
12 and 24 hours.
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7. 3. WATER SWELLING CAPACITY :
0.1g of sample (treated and untreated) is soaked in
distilled water for 1 hour. Then the samples are weighed and
swelling capacity is calculated.
Water swelling capacity = w2-w1 / w1
4. ANALYTICAL METHOD :
SEM analysis is carried out.
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8.  Solid recovery (%), Glucan recovery (%), Xylan recovery
(%) , Lignin recovery (%) are calculated
Studies on
Effect of ethanolic ammonia on SCB
Water swelling capacity
Surface morphology using SEM analysis
Methane production
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9. Effect of ethanolic ammonia on SCB
Solid recovery ~ 75.5% which is due to the lignin removal.
The highest lignin removal is detected at 10% ammonia + 50% ethanol
for 24 hours at 70°C. 9

10. Water swelling capacity
The water swelling
capacity of the native
SCB was 3.1gwater/ g
dry biomass. Ethanolic
ammonia pretreatment
enhanced the swelling
capacity by
6.5–16.1%,compared to
the native bagasse.
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11. Surface morphology using SEM analysis
(a) untreated SCB
(b) solid fraction of pretreatment with 10% ammonia and 50% ethanol at 11

12. (c) Solid fraction of pretreatment with 10% ammonia and 25% ethanol at 70°C
The untreated samples are smooth, packed with negligible porosity.
More internal surfaces with numerous pores in the treated samples
which can facilitate the bacterial and enzymatic accessibility to
carbohydrates and results in biogas yield improvement.
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13. Methane production
Case 1 (from solid fraction) : Solid fraction study shows that the untreated
SCB after 45 days of anaerobic digestion yielded 105.6ml/g VS. While the
pretreated SCB at 70°C for 12hr with 25% ethanol showed 248.6 ml/g VS.
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14. From liquid fraction: Liquid fraction study, the highest Methane yield
seen at 70°C for 12hr with 25% ethanol showed 298 ml/g.
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15. Case 2 : from pretreatment slurry
Pretreated slurry at 70°C, 50% ethanol for 12hr yielded 284.8ml/g VS.
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EQUIVALENT GASOLINE
To find the optimal pretreatment conditions, the gasoline
equivalent of methane was calculated.

17. • The pre treatment improved the biogas production from SCB.
• Addition of different concentrations of ethanol and ammonia
pre treatment improved the biogas yield.
• The maximum gasoline from SCB was 182 L/ton of substrate
which is 76.7% higher than the untreated bagasse.
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