1. Neuro Linguistic Programming
When you desire to get relaxed your
active participation will turn in to fun.
This session is effective as you feel
yourself relaxed.
The biggest asset we have?
Answer = The mind
2. 1) Visualise (as if ‘then and there’ situation)
2) Divert (to displace mind)
3) Think (to sense feeling)
4) Involve (to participate actively)
5) Concentrate (attention on single target)
Active participants use following
all five powers of their mind to
listen.
(Experiential learning)
6. It’s not what you do, it’s how you do it.
It’s not what you see, it’s how you look at it.
It’s not how your life is, it’s how you live it.
Wise saying
8. “Be the change that you wish to
see in the world.”
Mahatma Gandhi
9. What I am now is due to the
conscious and unconscious changes
took place in my life.
10. NLP is change
The purpose of NLP is to change
present state of mind to the desired
state.
(Unhappiness to Happiness)
11. If you want to
Change
you have to be
Willing
to be
Uncomfortable
12. “ HUMAN BEINGS, BY CHANGING
THE INNER ATTITUDES OF THEIR
MINDS, CAN CHANGE THE
OUTER ASPECTS OF THEIR LIVES
”
William James, eminent psychologist
1842-1910
13. Mind is a system or a process
running inside the brain, body and
field. It is not an organ. Its working
medium is thoughts, which
develops our mentality, behaviour,
character and attitude.
14. How the mind (brain) works: Our
specific thoughts, actions and
feelings consistently produce specific
results. We may be happy or unhappy
with this results, but if we repeat the
same thoughts, actions, and
feelings, we will get the same results.
15. Everyone's born with the same basic
neurology. Our ability to do anything
in life, whether it’s swimming the
length of a pool, cooking a meal, or
reading a book depends on how we
control our nervous system. So, much
of NLP is devoted to learning how to
think more effectively and
communicate more effectively with
yourself and others.
16. NLP was devised by Richard Bandler
and John Grinder in 1975 and is
based on studying people who
displayed excellence in fields including
Professional Communication,
Psychotherapy, Hypnosis, Law and
Education.
John Grinder Richard Bandler
17. Neuro is about your neurological
system. NLP is based on the idea that
we experience the world through our
senses and translate sensory
information into thought processes,
both conscious and unconscious.
Thought processes activate the
neurological system, which affects
physiology, emotions and behaviour.
18. Linguistic refers to the way human
beings use language to make sense of
the world, capture and conceptualise
experience, and communicate that
experience to others. In NLP,
linguistics is the study of how the
words you speak influence your
experience.
19. Programming draws heavily from learning
theory and addresses how we code or
mentally represent experience. Your
personal programming consists of your
internal processes and strategies (thinking
patterns) that you use to make decisions,
solve problems, learn, evaluate, and get
results. NLP shows people how to recode
their experiences and organize their
internal programming so they can get the
outcomes they want.
20. NLP: The Instruction manual of mind
To run your brain
To Change your thoughts and
feeling
To Change your habits
To be the way you want to be
22. The Structure of Subjective Experience
Objectivity attempts to be the study of
“reality”. Subjectivity is focused on how
people experience and conceive reality.
There is an absolute reality, and
knowing it is beneficial, for a person but
can not “know” it, but can only know what
they perceive, and what beliefs they form
about it as a result.
Objectivity looks for true facts,
subjectivity looks at perceived reality and
personal beliefs.
23.
24.
25. Representational systems are the
systems that we use to internally code
and store the data that we take in
through our five senses. The coded
data is stored in the form of internal
representations which combine to
build our internal maps or models of
the world.
Representational systems
26. Representation systems
Our senses are the doorways of our
perception. All we know of the world we
know through our senses. We have five
main sensory modalities, or
representation systems. Our inner
subjective experience is structured in
terms of these senses. When we think, or
process information internally, we "re-
present" the information in terms of the
sensory systems that are our only contact
with the "outside world"
33. Our model is updated through our senses.
We each take in information through a
natural preferred combination of senses,
called modalities.
Visual
Auditory
Kinesthetic / Tactile
Olfactory
Gustatory
36. In NLP terms, visual, auditory,
kinesthetic and auditory digital
words are called predicates. The
predicates that a person uses will
provide you with an indication of
the person's preferred
representational system.
Preferred representational system
37. Predicates
You use words to describe your thoughts.
If your thoughts (internal
representations) are mainly pictures, then
you will tend to use more visual words
when describing your thoughts. If your
thoughts are based on logic or making
sense of something, you may tend to use
words that reflect the logic of your
thinking. Likewise, for auditory and
kinesthetic. The words you use reflect
your internal thought processes
38. You have shown me a bright idea on how to
proceed and I would like to look into it
further.
You have told me of a way to proceed that
sounds good and I would like to hear more
about it.
You have handed me a way to proceed that
is on solid ground and I would like to get
more of a feel for it.
You have provided me with a way to
proceed that makes sense and I would like
have more details.
39. Auditory Digital (or Digital) people will
likely manifest characteristics of the other
3 representational systems. In addition,
they will talk to themselves a lot and like to
make sense of things and understand
them. They also use words which are
abstract with no direct sensory link. They
use predicates like, I understand your
motivation . As a result of their emotions
being attached to the words that they're
using to describe, they often are less
emotionally attached to outcomes.
41. Submodalities are the fine
distinctions we make within each
representational system. They help us
remember what we have seen, heard,
felt, smelt and tasted both externally
and imagined. For instance, we are
more likely to remember a large
bright picture than a small dull one.
Submodalities
43. Kinesthetic:
pressure, location, frequency, texture,
temperature, intensity, vibration
Olfactory (smell) and gustatory (taste):
the fading in and out (changes in
intensity and/or duration) of particular
tastes or smells that you identify as
relevant in someone’s experience can be
quite useful. Odours and tastes are very
powerful anchors for States.
44. Presupposition
A basic underlying assumption which
is necessary for a representation to
make sense. Within language systems,
a sentence which must be true for
some other sentence to make sense.
Mastery of presuppositions is one of
the keys to NLP excellence.
45. The map is not the territory.
If one person can do something,
any person can learn to do it.
The mind and body are parts of
the same system.
People have all the resources
they need.
There is no failure, only
The Presuppositions of NLP
46. The Presuppositions of NLP
(contd.)
You cannot NOT communicate.
Underlying every behaviour is a
positive intention.
People are always making the
best choice(s) available to them.
If what you are doing isn’t
working, do something else.
47. In NLP, "anchoring" refers to
the process of associating an
internal response with some
external or internal trigger so
that the response may be
quickly, and sometimes covertly,
reaccessed.
Anchoring
49. Anchoring is reminiscent of Pavlov's
experiments with dogs. Pavlov sounded
a bell as the animal was given food. The
animals salivated when they saw the
food. After some parings of the bell and
the food, the bell alone elicited
salivation.
Contd.
Anchoring:
50.
51. Anchors are stimuli that call forth states
of mind - thoughts and emotions. For
example, touching a knuckle of the left
hand could be an anchor. Some anchors
are involuntary. So the smell of bread
may take you back to your childhood. A
tune may remind you of a certain
person. A touch can bring back
memories and the past states. These
anchors work automatically and you
may not be aware of the triggers. Contd.
52. Establishing an anchor means producing the
stimuli (the anchor) when the resourceful
state is experienced so that the resourceful
state is pared to the anchor. For example,
touching the knuckle of the left hand when
the resourceful state is experienced to pair
the two events.
Activating or firing the anchor means
producing the anchor after it has been
conditioned so that the resourceful state
occurs.For example, touching the knuckle of
the left hand after the anchor has been
established so that this action produced the
53. Collapsing anchors
When two separate anchors are
released simultaneously they combine
two different internal experiences.
This is especially effective with
kinaesthetic anchors.
54. The great thing about collapsing
anchors is that you don’t just get rid of
a negative emotion; you replace it
with a more resourceful state too -
such as relaxation, confidence,
happiness or laughter. This means
that when you encounter a situation
that used to cause you grief, not only
do you avoid a negative reaction, but
you actually respond very positively
towards it!
55. First define the negative state to be
collapsed.
Next, choose the positive state you would
like to install.
Positive state must be stronger than the
negative state –Otherwise this technique
won’t work as well as it could.
fire off the positive and negative anchors
at the same time.
When you feel that the anchors have
collapsed – i.e. you feel awesome let go of the
negative anchor, whilst keeping hold of the positiv
anchor for another 5-10 seconds
58. Deletion - to attempt to actively pay
attention to everything entering
though our sensory input channels
would not be useful. Thus we omit
certain parts of our current experience
by selectively paying attention to
certain other parts of it i.e. we focus
on what seems most important at any
one particular moment in time and
allow the rest to pass us by.
59. Distortion - occurs when we make
shifts in our experience of sensory
data by making misrepresentations
of reality. Distortion is a key
component of imagination and a
useful tool in motivating ourselves
toward our goals. When we plan we
use distortion to construct
appealing imaginary futures.
60. Generalisation - is the
process by which we draw
global conclusions based on
one, two or more
experiences.
61. Meta Programs - are the most
unconscious of the perception
filters and are content free i.e. they
are not based on any past
experience or beliefs. Whether you
see the glass as half empty or half
full is an example of one of your
meta programs.
62. Values: Values are those things
we are prepared to fight for and
also those things we try to live up
to. Values are how we know right
from wrong, good from bad,
what's important and what isn't,
and they are also how we decide
about how we feel about our
actions and the actions of others.
63. Beliefs: Beliefs are convictions that
certain things are true or real.
Beliefs are presuppositions that we
have about certain things. If we first
truly believe we are capable of doing
something, we have a better chance
of achieving it. If we believe that we
will fail then the likelihood of that
being our outcome increases.
64. Attitudes: Attitudes - are
collections of values and beliefs
around a particular subject. An
attitude can be as a positive or
negative evaluation of people,
objects, event, activities, ideas, or
just about anything in your
environment.
65. Memories: The collection of
memories we build up during the
course of our lives deeply affect
both our perceptions and our
personality. Some psychologists
believe that as we get older our
reactions to present external events
are in fact reactions to collections
of past memories organised in a
certain way around certain subjects.
66. Decisions: Decisions about who
we are and what we are capable
of, especially negative or limiting
decisions, can affect our entire
lives(child not to study). The decisions we
make may generate beliefs,
values and attitudes or they may
just affect our perceptions
through time.
67. Approximately 2 million bits of
information per second pour in
through our five senses. This
information passes through a number
of perception filters which delete,
distort and generalise, leaving
approximately 134 bits per second
which we use to construct an Internal
Representation (IR) of the external
Internal Representation (IR)
76. Swish
The process involves disrupting a
pattern of thought that usually leads
to an unwanted behaviour such that
it leads to a desired alternative.
77. Rapport
Is the first step to good
communication.
Is meeting others in their model of
the world. Is matching the way you
communicate to the way the other
person takes in information.
Increases the likelihood that the
message you send will be the one they
receive. Promotes trust and comfort
78. A state of mutual trust and
responsiveness between individuals
or groups of people to encourage the
person we are communicating with
to relax, to feel a sense of familiarity
and comfort in their interaction with
us and to lower the barriers of
resistance and become more
receptive to our communication.
Rapport?
79. Rapport is sometimes described as the "magic
feeling" what you can experience from one
person to another. With rapport we get direct
access to the subconsciousness of others.
Rapport is not a technique or method, it is
much more an attitude. This attitude is
characterized by:
Attention. Paying attention to the other as
other.
Respect. Respect for the model of the world of
the other.
Tuning. Tuning (follow) in on the other before
you lead.
85. Matching, on the other hand, can
have a built-in ‘time lag’. For
example, if a seated client uncrosses
his legs and leans slightly inward
while speaking, you should wait for
a few seconds and then discretely
adopt the same posture
86. Matching
With matching we tune in on a particular element
of the physiology, the use of voice (tone) or words
of the other. Matching is mirroring of one element
of the verbal or non-verbal communication of the
other. Matching means equality and
understanding. For example, people with the same
voice feel that they understand each other.
Matching on verbal grounds is agreeing with
someone. You acknowledge, in principle, the
others model of the world. When mirroring we
experience the internal representation (world
model) of the other, with matching we maintain
our own model of the world.
87. Mirroring refers to the simultaneous
‘copying’ of the behaviour of another
person, as if reflecting their
movements back to them. When
done with respect and discretion,
mirroring creates a positive feeling
and responsiveness in you and others.
88. Mirroring
With mirroring, we fully mirror the other.
For example, we completely take over the
physiology of the other. NLP basic principle
3 reads: "Body and mind influence each
other." A certain physiology belongs to a
certain mood and internal representation.
By mirroring the physiology we get access to
the mood and even the internal
representation of people. The aim is not to
obtain unauthorized information from
people, but rather to obtain better contact,
89. Cross over mirroring: Matching a
person's body language with a different
type of movement, e.g. tapping your
foot in time to their speech rhythm.
Cross Over Mirroring is when you
match a person’s body language with a
different type of movement.
90. Mirroring & matching
We establish rapport by discovering or creating
corresponding issues. In NLP we call this process
Mirroring and Matching. There are many ways to
commonly achieve a status of rapport with
someone. You can mirror appearances with non-
verbal and verbal communication. The combination
of non-verbal and verbal is important because
words are not enough to create rapport. While
”words " influence one's consciousness, 'physiology'
influences the subconscious. To mirror someone it
is important that you can observe sharply (sensory
acuity) and that you have a great personal
flexibility.
91. Facial gestures: If somebody smiles at you,
it’s perfectly fine to smile back
immediately! If they play with their hair,
or twiddle a pen, you can do so too – just
try not to make too big a deal of it. All of
these little gestures will be picked up by
the other person’s subconscious, and will
affirm the belief that you are just like
them, so they are worth playing with
92. Matching posture: If you’re sitting with
someone and they are crossing their legs,
it’s fine to cross yours in the same way. If
they lean forwards when they speak, you
can lean forwards too. If they start to lean
back, feel free to do so accordingly. As a
guide, I normally wait 20 seconds or so
before matching somebody’s body
language – as your movement is much less
likely to be consciously picked up on. It
feels more natural and less forced that way
too.
93. Indicators of rapport
When do we know we have rapport with
someone? When there is a rapport,
several of these indicators are present.
A feeling inside (warmth, peace,
confidence, security).
The skin color (of the face) changes.
Verbal phrases such as "I know you from
somewhere?".
From following to leading
94. Calibration:
The process of learning to read another
person's unconscious, non-verbal responses in
an ongoing interaction by pairing observable
behaviours clues with a specific internal
response. A very important first step in most
NLP processes, you calibrate the problem
state. That is, how is your client's body
posture, where does the eyes go, how is the
breathing, skin colour, voice tone etc. Knowing
how the problem state looks like you have a
reference point for measuring the success of
your intervention.
95. Acuity - the level of sharpness of a
sense and it's usefulness in resolving
fine levels of detail.
Sight, sound, touch, smell and taste are
the tools we use to perceive what is
going on in the world - both within our
own body and outside of it. It stands to
reason therefore that the most effective
use of our senses will yield the highest
quality information. Higher quality
information in turn improves our
chances of enhancing our performance.
96. Pacing And Leading
‘Pacing’ in NLP means matching someone,
falling into step with them, entering into
their model of the world. You can pace
someone’s ideas, beliefs and experiences as
well as their words and behaviour .So after
you have matched someone for a while,
start to lead him . The other person will
follow into the new action; if not, there’s a
potential mismatch that you can repair – if
you want to – by more pacing.
97. Respecting the other person's
model we can use to enrich our
own model. If the other
individual can do the same they
too stand to gain more from the
communication - a true win-
win outcome.
Win-win outcome
98. The first pillar is Rapport. This is one of
the most important gifts that NLP has
given us. When you are building a
relationship with others and with yourself
you want to build rapport. NLP teaches us
great techniques that we can use to quickly
gain rapport with individuals who we deal
with at work, in our day to day family life
or strangers we come across who we want
to build rapport with quickly and easily.
Four pillars of
NLP
99. The second pillar is Sensory Awareness.
The ability to perceive or experience
through the lens of our own 5 senses. Each
of us notices different things and uses our
sensors to experience life. NLP helps us
understand how each of us views the world
and assists us in better communicating as a
result of understanding how we perceive the
world vs how others may perceive it. Asking
questions and observing reactions or by
knowing how a person processes
information helps us better understand
them and hence results in better
100. The third pillar is Outcome
Thinking. This is about knowing
what you want rather than what you
don’t want. NLP provides you with
tools that help you take charge of
your life, in order to focus on desired
outcomes and hence achieve the
results you want. It helps you remove
negative thoughts and beliefs and
focus on desired goals instead.
101. The fourth pillar is Behavioural Flexibility. If
something isn’t working for you, it’s about being
flexible and changing your behaviour. Every minute of
our day, we take in millions of pieces of information
through the 5 senses. At the conscious level, we
simply can’t deal with that much information. So our
mind filters the information we receive into chunks of
7 plus or minus 2 chunks containing about 130 bits of
information a second. So what happens to the rest of
the information, well we delete, distort or generalize
it. Each of us will filter the information differently as
we all view things differently based on our personal
values, beliefs, attitudes, memories, past experiences
and decisions.
102. A phobia is an externally triggered,
consistent, uncontrollable panic response
to an internal representation. You actually
respond to the picture you have created,
not the thing.
What makes a phobia different from a
single painful experience? The fear has
become connected with a set of signals or
cues. That is a snake or a hose can trigger
the panic response for instance. (Theatre
tech.)
106. Eye patterns:
When people think about their thoughts
and experiences they tend to move their
eyes in certain ways. In NLP these eye
movements are described as eye patterns
or eye accessing cues.
Practicing our sensory acuity by closely
monitoring the eye patterns of the person
we are communicating which can provide
useful clues as to how that person is
thinking from moment to moment.
107. Deep Structure and Surface Structure
At a deep level of thought, a speaker has complete
knowledge of what he wishes to communicate to
someone else. This is called the deep structure
and operates at an unconscious level. To be
efficient in his verbal or written communication,
the speaker unconsciously deletes, generalizes or
distorts his inner thoughts based on his beliefs
and values, memories, decisions (limiting),
strategies, what he wants you to hear, etc. What is
finally said or written (surface structure) is only a
small subset of the original thought and may be
ambiguous or confusing and lead to
miscommunication.
108. First position: Your natural perspective, where
you’re fully aware of what you think and feel
regardless of those around you.
Second position: Imagining what it’s like to be
another person, considering others’ needs and
concerns.
Third position: Independent position where
you act as a detached observer noticing what’s
happening in the relationship between two
other people.
Taking Perceptual Positions
109. The "Meta Model" is a tool that can help
people to reconnect to what is known as the
"Deep Structure". As people communicate,
there will always be Deletion, Distortion and
Generalisations. These unconscious filters are
in use in our everyday language, and they will
become obvious once you have mastered the
"Meta Model". You will hear what is limiting
or resourceful in people’s language; this
creates their model of the world.
Meta Model
110.
111. Rapport:
Is the first step to good
communication.
Is meeting others in their model of
the world. Is matching the way you
communicate to the way the other
person takes in information.
Increases the likelihood that the
message you send will be the one they
receive. Promotes trust and comfort
between people
112.
113. Presuppositions are usually outside of
awareness means that once we become
aware of them we can use them
actively and with volition (strong will)
to convey meaning to another person,
meaning which is outside of their
conscious awareness and thus
bypasses conscious resistance.
114. Parts: A metaphorical way of talking
about independent programs and
strategies or behaviour. Programs or
"parts" will often develop a persona that
becomes one of their identifying
features.
Metaphor: The purpose is to transfer
meanings and understandings from
one situation or thing to another.
Eg: Walking on tight ropes, Life is like a
jungle (it’s survival of the fittest).
115. Reframing
A process used in NLP through which a
problematic behaviour is separated from
the positive intention of the internal
program or "part" that is responsible for
the behaviour. New choices of behaviour
are established by having the part
responsible for the old behaviour take
responsibility for implementing other
behaviours that satisfy the same positive
intention but don't have the problematic
byproducts.
116. Contest reframe: a given behaviour may not
be useful in one contest, and may be useful
Or even every useful in another contest. Eg.
Father ‘headstrong’ daughter to counsellor
(where when would this behaviour be useful)
Eg. Respect children-as tomorrow’s leaders.
117. Meaning/content reframe, give it a different
meaning/interpretation to change the
Meaning. Eg. Traffic block is boring (relax an
enjoy music).
118. Well-Formed Outcomes
You can drive yourself towards want
you want to achieve effectively by
assessing how your life is currently, and
then begin deciding where you want to
go and what you want to accomplish –
the key to getting there is to weigh up
all the aspects surrounding your life
goals before settling on them. Follow
these steps to get you started on the
road to achieving your dream(s):
119. The well-formedness conditions:
1. Be stated in the positive: (that is, what you
want, rather than what you don't want), see
positive and negative
2. Sensory specific: Be capable of
representation in the sensory
representational system (tangible rather
than theoretical or conceptual: able in
principle to be evidenced through the senses
when attained. Thus, seen, heard or felt)
3. Contextualised: Be possible and
120. The well-formedness conditions: (Contd.)
4. Self achievable: Have all the resources
(people, psycho-physiological states, time,
capital, equipment, or material) required or
accessible.
5. Time bound: Have a defined time frame
6. Ecological: Be ecological in having
consideration for cost and consequences for
oneself and others affected.
7. Worthwhile: Useful
121. Well formed outcomes, checking
criteria:
What specifically do you want?
How specifically will you know
when you have this?
Where/when/with whom do
you want this resource?
What resources do you need to
be able to achieve this?
What are the advantages and
disadvantages of achieving this
outcome / making this change?
What is the benefit of this outcome or which of
your values will be fulfilled by achieving it?
122. NLP Submodalities. We have five basic
senses: visual, auditory, kinesthetic,
olfactory and gustatory. In NLP, these
are referred to as representational
systems or modalities. For each of
these modalities, we can have finer
distinctions. Submodalities are the
fine distinctions we make within each
representational system.
124. Auditory: pitch, tempo, volume, rhythm,
timbre, digital, duration, clarity, location,
distance.
Kinesthetic: pressure, location, frequency,
texture, temperature, intensity, vibration.
Olfactory and gustatory: the fading in and
out (changes in intensity and/or duration)
of particular tastes or smells that you
identify as relevant in someone’s
experience can be quite useful. Odors and
tastes are very powerful anchors for State.
125.
126. Deepfilters (meta programmes):
Deeply embedded filters about 15 to 20 in
Numbers. Deep filters are key components
of our personality, and they, along with
values, determine our responses to many
situations, and also relate to our ‘preferences’
for dealing with and presenting information.
This is useful creating better awareness and
understanding of ourselves and others, to
enhance relationships.
127. Some deep filters:
Towards/Away from (direction filter)
Option/Procedure (reason filter)
Internal/External (Frame of reference fltr)
Sameness/Differences (Relationship filter)
128. CHANGING BAD FEELINGS
Think of the bad experience which hurt
you.
Notice your bad feeling.
Make it B/W smaller picture and move far
in to the distance. Place a clown’s nose on
their face.
Hear them every thing in Mickey Mouse
voice.
Notice how you feel differently.
Distract yourself and think of the same bad
experience. You will be feeling differently
129. PAIN RELEASE
PAIN IS A LANGUAGE OF YOUR
UNCONCIOUS MIND
COMMUNICATING WITH YOU
TO PAY ATTENTION TO YOUR
BODY
130.
131. What would it be like if you study at
home and then do well on the test?
132. A person can study at home and
learn all the things for the “bank
test”.
133. If you were to study at home, do
you think you might be best
prepared for the test?
134. As you study at home, you can feel
your confidence growing.
135. You might find that as you study at
home, you can feel your knowledge
base grow
136. You might find that as you study
at home, you can feel your
knowledge grow to the point
where you just feel confident in
your test taking ability
137. How surprised would you be to
find yourself studying at home and
feeling happy about gaining
knowledge?
138. The Pattern
You know, as you turn off that television,
you might find that it’s easy to focus more
on your studies. A person can learn the
material and become more aware of the
upcoming test.
So, if you were to concentrate on the
study of English to the point where you
feel so confident about taking the test. I
mean, how surprised would you be to feel
totally prepared for the O-levels?
139. Car Salesman: Can you imagine
driving this car away today, how
impressed your neighbours will be,
the proud looks on your family’s
faces as you drive up to your door in
this fine new automobile. And it all
starts with filling in the paperwork.
Now, with me, that’s how I felt when
I bought one of these last month…