This document summarizes human-wildlife conflict. It begins by defining human-wildlife conflict as the interaction between wild animals and humans that negatively impacts either party. It then discusses some of the main causes of human-wildlife conflict, including decreasing wildlife habitat as human populations expand. The document outlines some of the negative outcomes of human-wildlife conflict, such as injury, crop damage, and habitat destruction. It also discusses some methods for preventing and managing human-wildlife conflict, including public education, improved land use planning, and compensation programs. The document provides examples of human-wildlife conflict case studies involving elephants, leopards, and other species.

1. WELCOME
By
D . Sree Sravani,
15KT1A0423,
ECE-A.

2. MAN Vs WILD LIFE
CONFLICT

3. Means…
Human–wildlife conflict refers
to the interaction
between wild animals and
people and the resultant
negative impact on people or
their resources, or wild
animals or their habitat.

4. It occurs…
When growing human
population overlap with
established wildlife
territory, creating
reduction of resources
or life to some people
and/or wild animals.

5. Causes…
 As human population expanded into
wild animal habitats.
 Natural wildlife territory is displaced.
 Reduction in the availability of
natural prey/food sources.
 New resources created by human
draw wildlife resulting in conflict.

6. conflict…Human–wildlife conflict occurs with various
negative results. The major outcomes of human-
wildlife conflict are:
 Injury and loss of life of humans and wildlife.
 Crop damage, livestock depredation, predation of
managed wildlife stock.
 Damage to human property.
 Tropic cascades.
 Destruction of habitat.
 Collapse of wildlife populations and reduction of
geographic ranges.

7. Human-Wildlife Conflict
Prevention
 Lethal methods of
control should
not be first
response
 Public education
is needed
 Improved land
use planning

8. Conflict resolution or
management
The aim of conflict resolution
or management is to reduce
the potential for human-
wildlife conflicts in order to
protect life and limb, safety
and security of animal
populations, habitat and
general biodiversity, and also
to minimise damage to

9. techniques
Management techniques of wildlife are of
two types.
 The first type are the traditional
techniques which aim to stop, reduce or
minimise conflict by controlling animal
populations in different ways.
Lethal control has the longest history but
has major drawbacks.
 Other measures, less costly in terms of
life, are trans-location, regulation and
preservation of animal populations.

10.  Modern methods depend upon the
understanding of ecological and
ethological understanding of the
wildlife and its environment to
prevent or minimise conflict;
examples being behavioural
modification and measures to reduce
inter Potential solutions to these
conflicts include electric
fencing, land use planning,
community-based natural resource
management (CBNRM),
compensation, payment for

11. In efforts to reduce human-wildlife
conflict, World Wide Fund for
Nature(WWF) has partnered with a
number of organizations to provide
solutions around the globe. Their
solutions are tailored to the
community and species involved. For
example, in Mozambique,
communities started to grow more
chili pepper plants after making the
discovery that elephants dislike and
avoid plants containing capsaicin.
This creative and effective method

12. Studies
Human-Elephant conflict
in the Southern-Western
Ghats….
A case study from….
The Peppara Wildlife
Sanctuary,Kerala,India.

14. oCrop damage by Asian
elephant(Elephus maximus) has been
studied extensively all over the Asian
countries.
oA survey in 2008 on crop depredation
by wild animals in Kerala revealed that
crop damage is heavy.
oHuman-Wildlife interaction in
Karnataka state,especially the conflict
between elephant and humans has
been studied by Sukumar and
Appayya.

15. Cape Leopard
Trust Human
Wildlife Conflict
Case Study

17. Where leopards come into
conflict with farmers by killing
livestock, at least three
outcomes present
themselves: (i) the farmer
wants the leopard killed; (ii)
the farmer wants the leopard
removed from his property,
but not killed and (iii) the
farmer does not mind having

18. Research Papers :
Wildlife – Human
Conflict

19. Title
Year Author
Living with wildlife : the roots of conflicts and the
solutions 2007
R.Sukumar,Claudio Sillero -
Zubiri,Adrian Treves
Testing the efficacy of a chilli - tobacco rope fence
as a deterrent against crop raiding elephants
2010
K.Chelliah,G.Kanna,N.Baskara
n,R.Sukumar
Road Kill of animals by highway traffic in the tropical
forests of Madumalai Tiger Reserve , South India
2010 N.Baskaran,D.Boominathan
Socio - Economic status of Elephant Keepers and
Human Captive Elephant Conflict : A case study of
the three management systems in Tamil Nadu , SI
2009
N.Baskaran,V.Vanitha,K.Thiyag
esan
Wildlife Human Conflict in India : An ecological and
social perspective
1994 R.Sukumar
Elephant - Man Conflict in Karnataka 1986 R.Sukumar
The management of Large Mammals in relation to
Male Strategies and conflict with people
1991 R.Sukumar