The life cycle of malarial parasite power point presentation.

1. LIFECYCLE OFLIFECYCLE OF
MALARIAL PARASITEMALARIAL PARASITE
Soorej Jaiboi KSoorej Jaiboi K

2. MALARIAMALARIA
MalariaMalaria is a mosquito borne infectiousis a mosquito borne infectious
disease affecting humans and otherdisease affecting humans and other
animals caused by parasitic protozoans (aanimals caused by parasitic protozoans (a
group of single-celled microorganisms)group of single-celled microorganisms)
belonging to thebelonging to the Plasmodium typePlasmodium type..

4. LIFECYCLELIFECYCLE
In the life cycle ofIn the life cycle of PlasmodiumPlasmodium, a female, a female
AnophelesAnopheles mosquito (the definitive host)mosquito (the definitive host)
transmits a motile infective form (calledtransmits a motile infective form (called
the sporozoite) to a vertebrate host suchthe sporozoite) to a vertebrate host such
as a human (the secondary host), thusas a human (the secondary host), thus
acting as a transmission vector.acting as a transmission vector.

6. The malaria parasite life cycle involves twoThe malaria parasite life cycle involves two
hosts.hosts.
During a blood meal, a malaria-infected femaleDuring a blood meal, a malaria-infected female
AnophelesAnopheles mosquito inoculates sporozoitesmosquito inoculates sporozoites
into the human host .into the human host .
1)Sporozoites infect liver cells.1)Sporozoites infect liver cells.
2)Mature into schizonts.2)Mature into schizonts.

8. 3) Which rupture and release merozoites.3) Which rupture and release merozoites.
4) After this initial replication in the liver ,the4) After this initial replication in the liver ,the
parasites undergo asexual multiplication inparasites undergo asexual multiplication in
the erythrocytes .Merozoites infect red bloodthe erythrocytes .Merozoites infect red blood
cells.cells.
5) The ring stage trophozoites mature into5) The ring stage trophozoites mature into
schizonts, which rupture releasingschizonts, which rupture releasing
merozoites.merozoites.

10. 6) Some parasites differentiate into sexual6) Some parasites differentiate into sexual
erythrocytic stages (gametocytes).erythrocytic stages (gametocytes).
7) Blood stage parasites are responsible for the7) Blood stage parasites are responsible for the
clinical manifestations of the disease.clinical manifestations of the disease.
8) The gametocytes, male (microgametocytes)8) The gametocytes, male (microgametocytes)
and female (macrogametocytes), are ingestedand female (macrogametocytes), are ingested
by anby an AnophelesAnopheles mosquito during a bloodmosquito during a blood
meal.meal.

12. C) The parasites multiplication in the mosquitoC) The parasites multiplication in the mosquito
is known as the sporogonic cycle.is known as the sporogonic cycle.
9) While in the mosquito's stomach, the9) While in the mosquito's stomach, the
microgametes penetrate the macrogametesmicrogametes penetrate the macrogametes
generating zygotes.generating zygotes.
10) The zygotes in turn become motile and10) The zygotes in turn become motile and
elongated (ookinetes).elongated (ookinetes).

14. 11) Which invade the midgut wall of the11) Which invade the midgut wall of the
mosquito where they develop into oocysts.mosquito where they develop into oocysts.
12) The oocysts grow, rupture, and release12) The oocysts grow, rupture, and release
sporozoites.sporozoites.
13) Which make their way to the mosquito's13) Which make their way to the mosquito's
salivary glands. Inoculation of the sporozoitessalivary glands. Inoculation of the sporozoites
into a new human host perpetuates the malariainto a new human host perpetuates the malaria
life cycle.life cycle.

15. Only female mosquitoes feed on blood,maleOnly female mosquitoes feed on blood,male
mosquitoes feed on plant nectar, and do notmosquitoes feed on plant nectar, and do not
transmit the disease.transmit the disease.
Malaria parasites can also be transmitted byMalaria parasites can also be transmitted by
blood transfusions, although this is rare.blood transfusions, although this is rare.