The Penn State University payroll system modernization project aimed to (1) reduce risks from the old payroll system written in multiple languages, (2) modularize and increase flexibility of the new system, and (3) implement a single technology. The project established a modern development environment, converted non-Natural code to Natural, and modernized the application through analysis and updating the data model, business logic, and code. Key accomplishments included converting the COBOL compute module to Natural and implementing enhancements like electronic voucher distribution and exception reporting.