State of the art presentation on persuasive games applied to water consumption.

1. Persuasive games
Alysson Diniz dos Santos
Piero Fraternali
19/07/2014

2. 2
Concept
What are these persuasive games, after all

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The first doubt
Pervasive or persuasive?

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And even more doubts...
Serious gaming, ubiqutuous computing,
activating game, exergaming, constructionist
and behaviorist learning, augmented reality
games, social games...

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Gathering everything together...
Related concepts:
Serious games
Gamification
Games with a purpose
Pervasive games

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And voilà!
Related concepts:
Serious games
Gamification
Games with a purpose
Pervasive games
Persuasive games

7. 7
And voilà!
Related concepts:
Serious games
Gamification
Games with a purpose
Pervasive games
Persuasive games

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Here there are the serious games!
“Games that do not have entertainment,
enjoyment or fun as their primary purpose”
(Michael & Chen, 2005).
Hi, i’m
serious!

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For training

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For education

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And here the pervasive games!
Games based on pervasive technology.
I’m pervasive!

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Some of them already commercial

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Some of them designed for more
than entertainment

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Some of them designed for more
than entertainment
Yan Xu et. al.: Designing pervasive health games for
sustainability, adaptability and sociability

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Persuasive games
Games (tries to) that change your
opinion/behaviour on some topic.
We’re
persuasive!

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General relationship
Pervasive Serious
Persuasive

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State of the art on persuasive
games
Methodology
Research
Portals: IEEE Xplore and ACM Digital Library
Terms: persuasive games
Date: from 2009 to 2013

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State of the art on persuasive
games
95 Results (19 from IEEE, 76 from ACM)
1 panel
1 keynote
4 journals
6 conference proceedings
83 papers

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Categorization
35
39
9
Papers
Applications
Design and tools
Others

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The others
Others
Papers more related to game
culture or, that didn’t talk about
games.

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Design aspects, tools and
psychological studies
Psychological aspects of
persuasion

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Design aspects, tools and
psychological studies
Psychological aspects of
persuasion
Designing to persuade

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Design aspects, tools and
psychological studies
Psychological aspects of
persuasion
Designing to persuade
Framework and
methodologies

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Applications
Games for health
PiNiZoRo: A GPS-based Exercise Game for Families
Stanley, K. et al., (2010), Proceedings of Future Play 2010.

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Applications
Games for producing
“social effects”
Amy Eubanks: Catching Fireflies: a persuasive augmented
reality game for Android phones, 2011

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Applications
Games for environment and
sustainability
• 8 results

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Applications
Games for environment and
sustainability (8 results)
Pedro Centieiro, et. al.: A location-based multiplayer mobile
game to encourage pro-environmental behaviours. 2011

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About water management
Water wars Atoll Game The Basin Challenge /
Catchment detox
FloodSim Acqua Republica
Tecnologia Não especificado VisualWorks©,
CORMAS©platform
Flash Flash Unity
Role of the player Stakeholders Family providers – 1 water
agency player
Policymakers (god) Flood policy strategist Mayor (god)
Feedback Message boards Não especificado Messages in game and
leaderboard
Messages in game Messages in game
Mecanica Turn based rpg Rpg computer assisted Rpg Simulated rpg Rpg
WM Issues - Policies
- Variable water conditions
- Variable water
conditions
(hydrogeological model)
- Scarcity
- Management (Policies)
- Policies
- Variable water
conditions
- Scarcity of water
- Floods (concepts and
policies)
- variable water conditions
- policies
Players Multiplayer, chat
communication
Up to 16 presential
players (8 for board)
1-2 players 1 1
Primary focus Facilitating discourse
among inhabitants of a
real world watershed
Land and water allocation
conflicting rules
Manage a river catchment
so that after 50/100 years
you have a healthy
economy and
environment.
Raising awareness of
issues surrounding
flooding policy
and citizen engagement
in the UK
to play and learn—by
personal experience,
about the conflicts and
trade-offs that exist in a
river basin.
Publico alvo New mexico residents Tarawa atoll 16
representa. (people and
policymakers)
Teenage students (anyone
can play)
Everyone (UK residents) Everyone ()
Platform web and mobile PC supported board game Web Web Web (portable)
Extracting data Semi structured interview semi-automatic
software
Not provided Not provided Numerical computational
models (MIKE BASIN from
DHI)

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How?
Water wars Atoll Game The Basin
Challenge /
Catchment
detox
FloodSim Acqua
Republica
Technology Non specified VisualWorks,
and CORMAS
platform
Flash Flash Unity
Mechanics Turn based
(Rpg)
Turn based
computer
assisted rpg)
Turn based
(Rpg)
Turn based
(Rpg)
Turn based
(Rpg)
Platform Web and
mobile
PC supported
board game
Web Web Web
(portable)

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Who?
Water wars Atoll Game The Basin
Challenge /
Catchment
detox
FloodSim Acqua Republica
Target
Audience
New mexico
residents
Tarawa atoll 16
representa.
(people and
policymakers)
Teenage
students
(anyone can
play)
Everyone (UK
residents)
Everyone
Numbers of
players
Multiplayer, chat
communication
Up to 16
presential
players (8 for
board)
1-2 players 1 1
Role of the
player
Stakeholders Family
providers – 1
water agency
player
Policymakers
(god)
Flood policy
strategist
Mayor(god)

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Dealing with data
Water wars Atoll Game The Basin
Challenge /
Catchment
detox
FloodSim Acqua
Republica
Extracting data Semi structured
interview
Semi-automatic
software
Not provided Not provided Numerical
computational
models (MIKE
BASIN from DHI)
Feedback Message boards Non specified Messages in
game and
leaderboard
Messages in
game
Messages in
game
WM Issues - Policies
- Variable water
conditions
- Variable water
conditions
(hydrogeological
model)
- Scarcity
- Management
(Policies)
- Policies
- Variable water
conditions
- Scarcity of
water
- Floods
(concepts and
policies)
- variable water
conditions
- policies

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And out there in the jungle...
Water Smart Software
(http://www.watersmartsoftware.com/index.h
tml)

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Watersmart
Personalized

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Watersmart
Gamified

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Issues on persuasive games
development for sustainability
Open question 1
If we’re going to use social data, how to treat
massive data?

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A thought
“The impact of scaling sensing applications
from personal to population scale is unknown.
[…] Today, we only have limited experience in
building scalable sensing systems”. Nicholas D
Lane, et al “A survey of mobile phone sensing”
IEEE Communications Magazine 2010

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Issues on persuasive games
development for sustainability
Open Question 2
How to guarantee that the results go for the long
time?

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The Power agent example
Gustafsson, A. and Bång, M. 2008. Evaluation of a pervasive
game for domestic energy engagement among teenagers.

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Power Explorer
• Gustafsson, Anton and Bång, Magnus and Svahn,
Mattias (2009) Power Explorer – a casual game style for
encouraging long term behavior change among
teenagers.

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Retention techniques
Gustafsson conclusions on design issues – to
teenagers:
Casual game play
Small investments by players
Fast and frequent reward

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But...
Lucas Pereira et. al. – Understanding the
limitations of eco-feedback: a one-year long-
term study - Human-Computer Interaction and
Knowledge Discovery in Complex,
Unstructured, Big Data Lecture Notes in
Computer Science Volume 7947, 2013,

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It’s all about...
Intrinsic motivation

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Conclusions
Open problems
How to treat massive data
How to guarantee the results for the long time

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Conclusions
Open problems
How to treat massive data
How to guarantee the results for the long time
Privacy
Energy consumption
Quickness / Quality

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Conclusions
Open problems
How to treat massive data
How to guarantee the results for the long time
Persuasive design
Retention Techniques
Feedback Tailoring

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Persuasive is hot

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And water is opened