The world population grew slowly until 1900 but then increased rapidly, reaching 1 billion in 1900, 2.5 billion in 1950, and 7 billion in 2011. Most population growth occurs in developing countries with high birth rates, like India and China. While populations in developed countries are stable or declining, populations in developing countries continue to rise due to historically high birth rates and increasing lifespans. Rapid population growth creates challenges for governments to provide resources and threatens the environment, food security, and political stability.
3. 1. The world population grew very slowly up until about 1900.
2. The population then exploded and increased rapidly and still
continues today.
3. 1900 - the world population were 1.7 billion.
4. By 1950 - it had reached 2.5 billion. More than a 50 %
increase in the last 50 years.
5. Between 1950 and 2000 the population grew to 6.2 billion.
4. World Population
4. By late 2011, it had reached 7 billion.
5. The near future Global population shows
no sign of slowing down.
6. The world population has continued to
grow because the birth rate has
remained higher than the death rate
5.
6. 6. Most of the population growth - found in
LEDCs such as China and India.
7. Africa’s population growth is large despite the
Aids virus lowering life expectancy.
8. Most rich countries have stable populations
(e.g. France and the USA)
9. While some others have declining populations
(e.g. Russia).
7.
8. Countries which are projected to
have largest population growth:
The top countries in order of the expected increase
in population between 2010 and 2050 are:
(1) India 467 million projected (6) DR Congo 83 million
population increase
(2) Nigeria 231 million (7) Ethiopia 62 million
(3) Pakistan 101 million (8) Philippines 62 million
(4) Tanzania 93 million (9) Uganda 61 million
(5) United States 93 million (10) Kenya 56 million
9. Trends in Global Population Growth
Natural Population Increase – when birth rate is
higher than the death rates
A country’s population growth rate depends on:
Natural increase
Migration
Both these variables have positive and negative
effects upon growth
10.
11. Patterns of population growth
1. Rates of population growth vary across the world.
2. Although the world's total population is rising
rapidly, not all countries are experiencing this
growth.
3. In the UK, for example, population growth is
slowing, while in Germany the population has
started to decline.
12. Patterns of population growth
3. MEDCs have low population growth
rates, with low death rates and low birth
rates.
4. LEDCs have high population growth rates.
Both birth rates and death rates in LEDCs
tend to be high. However, improving
healthcare leads to death rates falling -
while birth rates remain high.
13. The table shows data in selected LEDC and MEDC
countries. The figures are per 1,000 of the population per
year
14. Patterns of population growth
5 In Bulgaria, the birth rate is 9/1,000 and
death rate is 14/1,000.
Bulgaria has a declining population.
6 In South Africa, the birth rate is 25/1,000
and death rate is 15/1,000.
South Africa has an increasing population
with a population growth rate of 1 %
15. Reasons for population growth:
The creation of modern economics system as a
result of the agricultural & industrial revolution
The vast knowledge of medical has increased the
rate of babies born and decreased death rate
Modern technology and communications have
enable us to tackle and overcome the worst
effects of floods, famine and other natural
hazards
16. Problems of population growth:
1. Creates great demands on governments to
provide for people
2. Increased pressure on the environment
3. Increased risk of famine and malnutrition
4. Threats to international security
17. 1. Creates great demands on governments to
provide for people
Rapid population growth aggravates poverty in
developing countries
High ratio of dependent children for each working
adult
High % income spend on immediate survival needs
(food, clothes, housing..etc) leaving little money
for investment in the economy, education, govt
services or infrastructures
18.
19. 2. Increased pressure on the environment
The expansion of human activities – associated with the loss of
habitat
Extinction of plants and animal species world wide
Loss of biological diversity leads to instability of ecological
system esp those that are stressed by climate change
Water pollution leads to intolerable health conditions for
people
On global basis, the emissions of greenhouse gases -CO2 are
rising rather than falling
22. 3. Increased risk of famine and malnutrition
Water shortages – water tables on every continent are falling
Water is pumped out far greater than rainwater can replenish –
e.g. India pumped water twice the rate of natural replenishment
Due to industrialisation – loss of agricultural land
Demand for more meat instead of grains
Great demands of food will certainly drive the price of food up
23. 4. Threats to international security
The risk of high unemployment
Rise to severe political instability –
threatens national & international security
Growth of refugee due to the combination
problems of poverty & violence
