biologi molekuler

1. gambar
• This is a normal wnt signaling picture, starting from stem cells then the
progenitor cells differentiate and become normal tissue
While the second and third images if there is a regulatory disorder of wnt
signaling either from stem cells or cell progenitors can both cause cancer.

2. • Practically the Wnt pathway is divided into 2, namely: 1. Canonical
pathway 2.Non-canonical lines
1. Canonical-Wnt pathway
• If the receptor is activated, the signal is sent to the Dishevelid
phosphoprotein (Dsh), which is in the cytoplasm. This signal causes -
catenin to accumulate in the cytoplasm which then translocation to
the nucleus acts as a transcriptional co-activator of transcription
factors belonging to the TCF/LEF family.

3. Non-canonical wnt pathway, there’s to
mechsnism
1. In non-canonical calcium
- Some activate protein kinase C (PKC),
- calcium also activates calmodulin dependent kinase (CamKIl)
- and calcium also activates the protein calcineurin (caCN) which defosphorylates
cytoplasmic proteins that actually activate NFAT
2. Non-canonical PCP (planar cell polarity) pathways
- receptors are activated and signals are sent to dsh, which then activates RhoA
(race homologous gene family member A), and next activating JNK (jun- N terminal
kinase)
- Then another wnt noncanonical pathway through the PCP is focal adhesion
kinase (FAK) pathway involved in tissue engineering.