2. Introduction
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), known
as a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot.
Drone stands for Dynamic Remotely
Operated Navigation Equipment
Its flight is either controlled autonomously by
computers or under the remote control of a pilot
on the ground
3. Birthof UAV’s
The earliest attempt at a powered unmanned aerial vehicle was
A. M. Low's "Aerial Target" of 1916
After World War-I, including the first scale RPV, developed by
the film star and model airplane enthusiast Reginald Denny in
1935
The birth of U.S. UAVs began in 1959 when United States Air
Force officers, concerned about losing pilots over hostile
territory.
The August 2 &4, 1964,U.S. Navy initiated America's highly
classified UAVs into their first combat missions of the Vietnam
War.
5. Sub-Systemof UAVs
COMMUNICATIONS:-
Operates on ultra high frequency
Communicates with ku-band system
Operates with uplink frequencies from 15.15 to
15.35 GHz and downlink frequency 14.40 GHz to
14.83 GHz
NAVIGATION:-
Avionics use satellite based system such as GPS and
WAAS
It calculates position automatically
6. MONITORING:-
Includes GPS system
High resolution video camera
Super high resolution still camera
COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM:-
Use traffic and collision system
Smaller aircraft use simple traffic alerting system
Aircraft use ground proximity warning system
WEATHER SYSTEM:-
Use weather radar and lighting detector system
10. DRDO Rustom
*Rustom is a Medium Altitude
Long Endurance unmanned
combat air vehicle being
developed by DRDO.
*Digital Flight Control and
Navigation System, Automatic
Take off and Landing.
*Aerodynamic configurations,
High aspect ratio wing,
Composite airframe integrated
with propulsion system, De-
icing system for wings
11. DRDONishant
*The DRDO Nishant is an developed by India's ADE .
*Day/night capability training vehicle.
*Its range of Service ceiling:3,600 m (upto 11,800 ft)
12. Lakshya is an Indian
remotely piloted high speed
target drone system
developed by ADE of
DRDO.
Service ceiling: 9,000 m
(29,528 ft) 5,000 metres
(16,404 ft) with towed
target.
Launch: Rocket
Assisted
LAKSHYAPTA
14. UAVvs. MannedAircraft
Remotely piloted vehicles will never fully replace manned
aircraft
They can perform an increasingly sophisticated array of
missions due to their small size and decreased radar.
To wholly replace man would be expensive and technically
risky.
UAS should be only considered for certain types of
missions for which it can be a cost effective
With a continuing trend of miniaturization in electronics,
the UAV can be made much smaller and cheaper
Size largely determined by the size of the payload,
16. IN OIL, GAS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION &
PRODUCTION:
IN TRANSPORT
IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
IN ARMED ATTACKS
IN SEARCH & RESCUE
17. ADVANTAGES
Does not contain, or need, a qualified pilot on board
Can enter environments that are dangerous to
human life
Reduces the exposure risk of the aircraft operator
Performing visual or thermal imaging of a region
Measuring cell phone, radio, or, TV coverage over
any terrain
Can be programmed to complete the mission
autonomously even when contact with its GCS is lost
18. DISADVANTAGES
Immoral
Civilian casualties
Angers many people in foreign countries(infringe upon
sovereignty)
Can be hacked or given viruses
Too small for transportation of materials
Low resistance to weather
Cannot refuel in flight
If contact is lost with the ground station, the vehicle may be lost.
19. CONCLUSION
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles are an exciting field in
the world of aviation, with new discoveries. Over
the next 16 years, UAVs will become a significant
component of military, civil, and perhaps even
commercial aviation.
However, the very dynamic nature of the field also
creates a significant amount of uncertainty. The
wide range of UAV physical and performance
characteristics, many of which will be very unlike
any current aircraft, will place additional
challenges on an air traffic management system.
