Standard language is an official form of a language used for formal situations like newspapers and speeches. It is established through social, economic and political influences and codified to be accessible to all speakers of the language. Characteristics of a standard language include being a prestigious variety recognized by a community and used for high functions. In contrast, a dialect is a form of a language spoken by a particular group in a region, shown through accent and vocabulary. While dialects have benefits like developing characters, they also have risks like being confusing, offensive or distracting. Standard languages differ from dialects in having more speakers, being used in all fields, and representing all dialects under it, whereas dialects have limitations.
1. F E B R U A R Y 2 0 2 1
Standard Language
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By ; Shatha Rashed
2. Standard language is an official form of language.
This kind of form of languages are always artificially modified at least to some degree. Standard
language is the way to use language in official and formal situation as in newspapers and public
speeches. The core idea of standard language is to codify a public, particularly written language so
that it is accessible to every speaker of the language to be used in education, media and science
.
What is a standard language?
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3. o It was influential variet
y
o It was codifie
d
o It was establishe
d
o It was served high function
s
o Used for communication at cour
t
o Used for literatur
e
o It’s as result of social, economic, political
influences
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Characteristics Of Standard Language
4. Features
o It’s recognised as prestigious variety
or code by a community.
o It’s used for high functions.
o Standard English emerged naturally
in the fifteenth century.
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5. Dialect
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❖ IS ANY PARTICULAR FORM OF A
LANGUAGE SPOKEN BY SOME
GROUP OF PEOPLE
.
❖ IN LITERATURE, “DIALECT” MEANS
A FORM OF WRITING THAT SHOWS
THE ACCENT AND THE WAY
PEOPLE TALK IN A PARTICULAR
REGION.
6. The Benefits And Risks Of Dialect
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❖ THE MAIN BENEFITS OF WRITING DIALECTARE IN DEVELOPING MORE
REALISTIC AND LIFE-LIKE CHARACTERS AND SETTINGS. ITALLOWS YOUR
READER TO IMAGINE EXACTLY HOWTHE CHARACTERS VOICE ‘S MIGHT
SOUND AS THEY SPEAK.
❖ THERE ARE SEVERAL RISKS,THOUGH.THE MAIN ONE IS THAT IT CAN
JUST BE CONFUSING! OFFENSIVE (IT CALLS ATTENTION TO THE FACT
THAT SOME PEOPLE’S SPEECH IS “DIFFERENT” WHILE OTHER PEOPLE’S
SPEECH IS CONSIDERED “NORMAL.) OR DISTRACTING.
7. The Differences between standard language and dialect
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❖ STANDARD LANGUAGE HAS A HUGE SPEAKER AND EXPANDED
LANGUAGE AREA. WHILE DIALECT HAS A SMALL LANGUAGE
AREA WITH LESS SPEAKERS
.
❖ IMPLICIT DIFFERENCES CAN BE SEEN IN PRONUNCIATION
STYLE, VOCABULARY AND ALSO IN SENTENCE STRUCTURE .
❖ A STANDARD LANGUAGE IS APPREHENSIVE FOR ALL DIALECT
SPEAKERS WHERE DIALECT IS NOT.
❖ STANDARD LANGUAGE CAN BE USED IN EVERY FIELD BUT
DIALECT HAS LIMITATION IN USE.
8. The Differences between standard language and dialect
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❖ PEOPLE FOLLOW STANDARD LANGUAGE IN THEIR
WRITING SYSTEM BUT THERE IS NO USE OF
DIALECT IN WRITTEN LANGUAGE(IF IT USE IT
CANNOT BE APPROVED BY SOCIETY
.
❖ STANDARD LANGUAGE IS UNBIASED COMPARING
DIALECT FOR PUBLIC OR COMMON USE. BUT
DIALECT HAS MORE VARIATION THAN STANDARD
.
❖ DIALECT IS NOT APPROVED IN FORMAL SITUATION
BUT STANDARD FORM CAN BE USED IN BOTH
FORMAL AND INFORMAL SITUATIONS.
9. The Differences between standard language and dialect
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❖ STANDARD LANGUAGE IS CONSIDERED AS A
PRESTIGIOUS LANGUAGE BY SOCIETY WHILE
DIALECT DOES NOT
.
❖ A STANDARD LANGUAGE CAN REPRESENT
ALL DIALECT UNDER IT
.
❖ STANDARD LANGUAGE IS NOT A FORMATION
OF DIALECT BUT ALL DIALECTS ARE
FORMATION OF A STANDARD LANGUAGE.
10. o Sociolinguistics: studies the relationship between
language and society
.
o Speech community: group of people who share a
set of norms and expectations regarding the use of
language
.
o Social dialect: dialects in cities and towns mainly
based upon class distinction (working, middle,
upper) as a social variable and the pronunciation or
word as the linguistic variable.
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Language and Social Variation
11. o Education and occupatio
n
o Idiolect: personal dialect (see figure in 208
)
o Social marker: marks an individual as a
member of a particular group (in English [h]
dropping-lower class
)
o Speech style: formal and informa
l
o Style shifting: change from one to another
style (social marker and class difference)
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12. o Prestige: overt (positively valued) and covert
(hidden-lower class
)
o Speech accommodation: modifying speech
style toward or away from the style of the
person we are talking to.
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13. Is that dialect is a variety of a language (specifically,
often a spoken variety) that is characteristic of a
particular area, community or group, often with
relatively minor differences in vocabulary, style,
spelling and pronunciation, while variety is a term
used for a specific form of a language, neutral to
whether that form is a dialect, accent, register, etc
and to its prestige level.
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The Difference Between Dialect and Variety
