SAGM 2014 November complete book

Vol. 46 No. 3 NOVEMBER 2014 Price ZAR R36,70Vol. 46 No. 3 NOVEMBER 2014 Price ZAR R36,70
Southern African
Gems and Minerals
Southern African
Gems and Minerals
Official Mouthpiece of the Federation of
Southern African Gem and Mineralogical Societies
Southern African
Gems and Minerals
Southern African
Gems and Minerals

rhombic engineering
P.O. Box 6075 Westgate 1734 Tel 011 760-2415
rhombic@mweb.co.za
Thumbnail Dioptase
Photograph by Bruce Cairncross
Owned by Ronnie McKenzie
Dioptase thumbnail: Messina.
Papagoite

1Southern African Gems and Minerals ... ... November 2014 Vol. 46.3
Phone: (27) 33 326 1562 or (27) 78 293 5127
The widest selection of Rock, Crystal,
Mineral specimens and Gemstones in
South Africa
ASHBURTON’S
GEOLOGY MUSEUM
& ROCK SHOP
TOPROCK
OPEN ON
Saturday and
Sunday 09h00 to
16h00

2 Southern African Gems and Minerals ... ... November 2014 Vol. 46.3
minerals or part with gift of a sizeable
specimen, in exchange for information
leading to local bottle digs and collections.
Don't miss out on an opportunity to add a
lustrous specimen to your collection!
This edition has been like a game of rock-
paper-scissors… trying to squash it all in.
Outings, gemborees, rockhounding,
magnificent bespoke jewellery items, to
treasures uncovered from deep within our
very own earth … its all here.
Please note that FOSAGAMS is not responsible for the origin, content, quality or
truthfulness of any of the adverts or products presented.
Editor’s comment review ...
To me this is the
greatest time of year –
summer. There's a sense
of freedom to not being
locked into bulky
clothes and blankets.
Life seems abundant
and even our rocks,
minerals and gemstones
seem to sparkle that much more!
Many of you attended the very successful
IMA event in Sandton earlier this year. It
really was quite a spectacular gathering of
rocky fellas from over 40 countries. My
mind muscle ached into action as I
dredged up some long lost tongues of far
flung places in an attempt to converse
with the world, in a myriad of languages in
a single rally.
In this edition we have some revolutionary
feats; after months of negotiation, we
showcase our first international mineral
show. This took quite a bit of email
tangoing to circumvent both politics and
willingness.
We showcase some sparkling articles
contributed by international jewellers on
local treasures.
Also featured is a by-product of
rockhounding … antique bottle collecting.
The author is offering to EITHER trade
YES
You can afford a
mineral collection!!!
http://stores.ebay.co.uk/sahotrocks
www.bidorbuy.co.za/user/968100/SA Hot Rocks
rckoppert@lantic.net
The new magazine price for 2015 was decided at the 2014 AGM. The cover
price has been set at R44.40 with a 10% discount to the clubs, therefore
R40.00

3Southern African Gems and Minerals ... November 2014 Vol. 46.3
Disclaimer:Theviewsandopinionsexpressedinthismagazinearenotnecessarilythoseofthepublishers,SAGM,
FOSAGAMS or the associated committee members. All material and contents of this magazine are Copyright and
may not be reproduced in any form, without the express prior written permission of the Federation and/or the
author. ContacttheEditorforinformation.
Contents
2
5
10
15
Editor’s Comment Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sharon Flax Waddington
Mineral and Gem Show in Sante-Marie-Aux-Mines . . Hanaé Deborah Buiron
Ex Tellure - digging antique ash dumps - another
rewarding collecting hobby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Botha
Dorathea Annandale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Linda Stone
18 The Urals: A Mineralogical wonderland . . . . . . . . . . . Freddie Roelofse
24 Collecting outing to Vivo and Surrounding
area 2 - 6/7.2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heidi Naudé
Gemboree: Friday 18 April to Monday 21 April . . . . . Johan Snyman31
ISSN0038237X
Cover Picture:
3 Phase Hydrocarbon Inclusion in Quartz - Petroleum, Methane and
Anthraxolite - Inclusion Approx 2 mm - Locality Karasburg District Namibia.
Photo Bruce Cairncross
Editor: Sharon Flax Waddington editor@fosagams.co.za
Chairperson: Linda Stone president@fosagams.co.za
Circulation & Invoicing
Manager: Nico Roux niekie78@nokiamail.co.za
Treasurer: Ray Biram sagm.treasurer@fosagams.co.za
Facebook: www.facebook.com/fosagams
Website: www.fosagams.co.za
Twitter: @fosagams
Southern African Gems and Minerals
(Formerly South African Lapidary Magazine)
Mouthpiece of The Federation of
SOUTHERN AFRICAN GEM AND MINERALOGICAL SOCIETIES
SouthernAfricanGemsandMinerals46.3SouthernAfricanGemsandMinerals46.3
CONTENTS

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back the
time
machine
until the
Roman
Times, when
the silver
veins were
first found,
after what
we'll move
on to the
mineralogica
l event
today, and
the
experience I
have had this year as part of the
organisation team. The last paragraph will
discuss Mineral & Gems strategy for the
future.
2014 Poster
Mineral and Gem Show in
Sainte-Marie-Aux-Mines, France
By Hanaé Deborah Buiron
All photos by José Antenat
The legend says that a monk discovered
the mine saint-barthelemy a loooong time
ago… we are all eager for myths and
ancient stories, that reminds us that since
human beings have been living on the
planet, they have always taken part in the
oral tradition of passing on information to
the younger generations. In the case of
Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, the History is
particularly rich due to the geological
context and all the transformations that
have taken place through the centuries in
this region. The focus today is the Mineral
& Gem
Show, which
testifies of
the
incredibly
rich mineral
heritage of
the Silver
Valley, along
with its
culture. We
will start off
by winding
Hanae Buiron was born in 1992 in Hong Kong. What characterizes
her path, right from the start, is her double-education: on one hand
attending an English school and on the other, speaking French at
home with both parents and brothers. After having moved to
Strasbourg and done a Literary and Bilingual course in High school,
Hanae starts a Degree in Communication studies. This led her to
work for Mineral & Gem; answering to their call for someone in
charge of Press and Media Relations. Her current interests are
interculturalcommunication,artandmusic.
St Marie logo
Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
(Haut-Rhin) coat of arms

6 Southern African Gems and Minerals ... ... November 2014 Vol. 46.3Southern African Gems and Minerals ... ... November 2014 Vol. 46.3
In the heart of an Alsatian Valley and on
the foothills of the Vosges Mountains, the
Mineral Trade Show of Sainte-Marie-aux-
Mines was born in a naturally rich context.
Located over a geological fault, it is known
to be the breeding ground for a particularly
diverse mineral life. To this day, not less
than 170 mineral species have been
reported (native silver, red silver, copper,
lead, zinc, arsenic, chalcopyrite, lautite,
pharmacolite, tyrolite, fluorite, malachite,
aragonite and even high quality spinal
specimens). These treasures of Mother
Nature have drawn men's attention since
nd rd
the 2 and 3 century in Roman Times. In
th
the 9 century, serious mining activity
began, to then become a real “Silver Rush”
th th
in the 15 and 16 centuries when it
reached its peak; such a phenomenon had
never occurred in Europe before.
Thousands of Miners brought the fruits of a
technological revolution (extraction
techniques, organisation of the mines,
metallurgy), but also a social organisation.
This particular regional dynamism was the
4 Mineral Zone- next to the Jewellers
Area and Conference Room
Fossils
Professor giving explanations to them
-1st floor of the Theatre
Birds Eye view of the Gem Zone by
Denis Masson.

cradle of many innovations such as “la
Caisse des Mineurs”; probably the first
social security structure in the world, at the
origin of today's social systems.
th
By the end of the mid 20 century, the
evolution of markets, monetary
fluctuations, production methods and
technologies notably decelerated, marking
a pause in the exploitation of mines in the
Valley of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines (the last
arsenic mine was closed in 1940). Given
the observable wealth of the ground, this
only took two decades before inspiring a
man, M François Lehmann, to create the
Mineral Exchange Show, nowadays known
as Mineral & Gem International Exhibition;
one of the greatest events in terms of
mineralogy and jewellery in Europe.
Invitations to come and experience Earth
Sciences, daze in front of marvellous
specimens, observe and learn from them. !
Each year, the event takes place during the
third week of June, -a particularly
enjoyable seasonal implementation. In the
Heart of Alsace, in a natural environment
(medium-sized mountains), Sainte-Marie-
aux-Mines becomes an extraordinary
meeting place for exchange and
discoveries, less than an hour away from
Strasbourg. The Silver Valley charms by its
original features, its culture and local
gastronomy. Over the years, it has become
a significant scientific and commercial hub
in the world of mineralogy. More than
1,000 enterprises originating from 52
countries (all 5 continents are represented)
travel up to attend the Mineral & Gem
Show and offer to European buyers an
impressive array of merchandises (rare and
diverse mineral specimens). A truly
remarkable international event, where the
marvels of the underground world are on
display for all to see… under all their
facets!
M. Claude Abel, Mayor of Sainte-Marie-
aux-Mine, has been leading this great
human adventure since 2011. With a
dynamic organisation team by his side, and
the collaboration of many specialists, he
has managed to bring a new breathe of life
to the event, while defining perspectives
for the future.
The founding motivation for all Mineral &
Gem co-workers is to keep on making the
people happy. As I was working there, I
gradually saw the city preparing for the
upcoming show; thanks to the
collaboration and team spirit of Mineral &
Gem (organization, technical and security
Children attending the exhibition on
ancient mining tradition
View from outside the Theatre -
Prestige Exhibtion

Southern African Gems and Minerals ... ... November 2014 Vol. 46.38
service) everything was ready in due time
and we were all very excited for the event
to begin! What is also striking is the
number of museums, schools and
associations taking part in the project (for
example Alsatian Museum of Strasbourg,
Mines ParisTech, Harvard Museum,
Confluences Lyon, and many more); thus
creating an engaging network of
competences. Indeed, amongst the
different participants, we find specialists
such as geologists, mineralogists,
gemmologists, jewellers, therapists and
gold diggers… giving us a unique insight of
their study throughout lectures,
exhibitions, workshops and scientific
encounters; on a total surface of 52000
square meters in the city-centre and
beyond. The whole site is in fact
distributed on two specific zones: the
Mineral Zone and the Gem Zone. Visitors
may easily pass from one to the other by
hopping onto the mini-train!
Welcoming journalists from France and
abroad was a big part of my work. The two
th th
first days (26 and 27 of June) were
particularly lively due to the
presence of 1300 children
participating in the Educational
Days: With 30 demonstrative or
participative Earth science
related workshops in the so-
called “Children's Village”, they
could experience life as it used
to be in Prehistoric Times. It
was very entertaining to watch
for their arrival from my tent,
located at one of the main
entrances of the site, in the
Jules Simon Park. Mineral &
Gem is an opportunity for
parents and elders (professional and
visitors) to work or stroll; and for the
children to observe, recognize and learn
about mineral formation, guided by
Geology University Students (within the
scope of the Educational Days). Learning
chase techniques while getting their face
painted in a tribal fashion is part of the
program!
Two significant highlights this year as well:
The Cristal & Health Area (44 lectures and
several stalls), and the inauguration of the
Art and Patrimonial Interpretation Centre,
a new building with The Jewellers Area and
the Micro-Lab Workshop (Fab Lab and Lab
St Marie show
Main Hall

AN INVITATION TO ALL COLLECTORS
AND DEALERS!
We invite you to submit photographs of specimens from your collection. At present,
theinsidebackcoverisbeingused butanyfullpageofthemagazineisavailable.
Theadvantagesare:
qYouradvertisingwillhelpthefinancesoftheMagazine
qYoucanpublishphotographsofyourbestspecimens
qYoucanadvertiseyourcollection
qCollectors/dealerscanalsosubmitphotographsandadvertisetheirbusiness
qYou only need submit the photograph. We will do the rest, i.e., insert text, type-
settingandlayout.
Images must be in colour, in JPEG format, with a minimum quality of 300dpi.
Photographs/images should be in proportion to an A5 page (full, ½, ¼ page, in portrait
- not landscape orientation). Submissions should preferably be sent electronically to
editor@fosagams.co.za.
Theeditorialteamreservestherightto:
qacceptorrejectsubmissionsbasedonimageand/orspecimenthequality.
qedittheimagesizeaccordingtoallowanceofspaceinthatedition.
Please ensure that any material submitted to the magazine is not copyrighted by any
othersource,duetopriorpublicationorothermeans.
Image), held by the French Association of
Mineralogy.
Mineral & Gem offers a complete program
for families, children and specialists to
rejoice. In a committed approach to handle
and maintain a sustainable positioning, the
town of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines has
adapted itself to the growing needs and
requirements of a world-market. One of its
great concerns is also to develop a policy of
knowledge transmission; this characteristic
worked effectively for me anyway (more
into books than into rocks)! Thanks to
Mineral & Gems' solid organization, and
particularly Mrs Cordival – General
Coordinator of the Event, the Show goes
on with a growing enthusiasm. In an
environment where the presence of the
mineral reign is a permanent source of
discovery, get ready for 2015's eclectic
program! I can already give you out the
main Theme… CRISTAL. You may want to
stay connected and satisfy your curiosity
here:
http://www.sainte-marie-mineral.com
Get in touch with France's nature from the
th th
25 to the 28 of June 2015 at Mineral &
Gem, the celebration of all planet-lovers!
We all hope you'll stop by, Farewell.

Under the FOSAGAMS umbrella, we
traditionally had four branches supporting
our collecting hobby and relevant creative
art. These are of course mineral collecting,
gem stone collecting and faceting, lapidary
work and silver smithing. The interest in
and the development of these branches in
some cases date back hundreds of years.
Over recent decades, new interest fields
developed, like meteorite collecting, which
featured in a recent
Lapidary Magazine
and
searching/digging
old dump sites for
archeological
artifacts. In Europe
and along the
ancient silk route,
old dump sites may
be hundreds, and
even thousands of
years old.
In South Africa an
old dump site,
known as the
Transvaal, is in most
cases max. 140
years old. In the
Western Cape we can be very lucky to find
a site 300 years old.
More specifically, digging old dump sites is
done by “Bottle Collectors” and that is
what is mostly found. Old dump sites are
often also referred to as ash dumps,
because the bulk of what was dumped was
the coal ash of the stoves used for cooking
and heating. Amongst that you would find
discarded household items, notably bottles
All ginger beer bottles, about 600 different ones known.
Paul is a rather compulsive collector; his specialities are minerals and
bottles. He enjoys collecting, buying and selling, across Southern
Africa as well at mineral shows across the globe. He travels
frequently, enjoying the cuisine, cultures and stones of many diverse
countries. We are fortunate to have such a keen and well-read
historian with a quirky sense of humour among us.
By Paul Botha
Ex Tellure – digging antique ash dumps -
another rewarding collecting hobby

enclosures as the most recent and still the
method in use today. Ceramic bottles were
in use as late as the 1930's.
In 2000, Ethleen Lastovica published the
first and only book on South African ginger
beer bottles “An Illustrated Guide – Ginger
Beer Bottles – for South African Collectors”.
At the time of writing 505 different South
African ginger beer bottles were known.
After publication approx another 100 came
to light. My guess would be that in time
another 50 to 100 will be found, and as
much as another 50 to 100 will never be
found.
The glass bottles for the sodas had even
more patents and most collectable are
certainly the so-called Codd bottles with
2
the marble stopper inside. The CO was
injected that forced the marble to the top
and so doing, seal the bottle. Torpedo
of all sorts, broken porcelain, etc.
A true and diversified bottle assemblage
collected in South Africa will accommodate
as the most collectable: ginger beer
bottles, soda bottles, tooth paste pot lids,
other types of jars, chemist bottles, broken
tobacco pipes, porcelain doll's heads, etc.
there are also the vast variety of medicine
and poison bottles, mostly in green or
blues. A vast array of liquor bottles; beer,
case gins, whiskeys, inks and polishes, oils
and foodstuffs, some of them still around
today.
Ginger beer bottle patents developed over
time with the earlier blob top dumpies
found in RSA, being salt glazed pottery
making way for transfer print dumpies.
Later on came the champagne type bottles,
some with cork-type seals or swing
stoppers, and eventually the crown top
So-called soetolie at the back, some
duplication
Whiskey's and case gin bottles, note
the seals on the case gins, very

Pot lids, ointment jars, porcelain dolls heads and pipes.
Some pot lids are South African!
bottles, with a sharp pointed bottom were
used for a short time but proved to be
market unfriendly despite its advantage of
keeping the seal wet, increase its shelf life,
much like how we would store wine today.
Amazing to think that today we have in RSA
very few soft drink companies and just one
monopoly beer brewer who absolutely
dominates the local market.
Turn the clock back between 90 and 140
years and we would have found an Aerated
Mineral Water Works company in more
than 120 towns across the country. Some
of them in very small towns; Zeerust had 3,
Volksrust had 4 and Johannesburg more
than 60! Same goes for the other
provinces.
Beer Brewers were centered in the larger
towns, in the time period mentioned, the
Transvaal had over 40 breweries, including
towns like Standerton, Barberton,
Potchefstroom, Middelburg and even
Machadodorp.
The discovery of
diamonds and gold
were almost
exclusively
responsible for the
tremendous boom
that early South Africa
experienced. To make
it even more amazing
was that in the
beginning. Virtually all
bottles were
manufactured in
England and shipped
to South Africa. (This
was true for most of
the British Empire and
strangely enough
Argentina – ginger
beer type bottles
were not found in Europe, and only to a
very limited scale in the USA). It was also a
time where bottling underwent rapid
improvement with new bottling methods
and patents. This provided a unique but
mostly unrecorded South African heritage.
Antique bottle collecting in South Africa is
one of the Cinderella collecting hobbies
despite this very interesting historical
Mostly South African pharmacy
bottles etc. One Pink Pills for Pale

All ginger beer bottles, about 600 different ones known.
importance that can be attached to it.
Bottle collecting was at its peak in the
1970's and 1980's when there were many
first tier collectors seeking and digging old
municipal and mining dumps for all the
antique relics the dumps were holding.
With fewer active diggers today, collections
has become more specialized, but is
probably more challenging and rewarding
than ever before.
Paul Botha is not only a very serious and
active mineral specimen collector, but also
an avid antique bottle collector. He would
very much like to ask for some help from
readers and fellow collectors to identify
possible collecting sites and to source
material that is for sale including
collections. He always has bottles to swap
or for sale. He can be contacted by email at
paul.botha@centrade.co.za or cell phone
082 825 1197. (If no answer please always
send an email)
An exposed dump site of the 1900's would
no longer be visible today but covered by
as much as 30 cm of soil. However a
variation in the type of vegetation to the
surrounding areas can be a give away,
where you find kikuyu grass, the tall
growing “hanekam” plants with reddish
leaves and flowers and the presence of
pepper trees.
Many old dump sites still remain to be
found especially on the Far East Rand, the
gold mining areas of the Eastern Transvaal
(Mpumalanga), as well as other small old
towns throughout the country. Then we
can add the old isolated mining towns like
Stavoren, Argent etc.
Editor's note:
Interesting little bottles can or have
been found while disturbing the earth,
therefore please accept this delightful
article as a by-product of
rockhounding.
Paul has offered a reward for any
information
leading to the
whereabouts of
more pretty
bottles, whether
still sleeping
within the earth,
or if you'd prefer
to trade your
treasures for
some rather
worthwhile
crystals… he's all
ears.
I have included
some

There are several general categories ...
There is even a Facebook group
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Bot
tle-Collectors-Club/346263671484
The Four Season Bottles Collectors
Club was founded in 1976 to provide a
forum for collectors to meet one
another and...
Glossary of terms:
http://www.antiquebottles.co.za/Gloss
ary.htm#Glossary
Bottle Collectors Club | Facebook
International websites for bottle
collecting:
www.sha.org/bottle/Federation of
Historical Bottle Collectors | FOHBC Site
www.fohbc.org/FOHBC, a non-profit
org for collectors of historical bottles,
jars
etcmakezine.com/2009/06/22/antique-
bottle-
collecting/https://www.facebook.com/
Alabamabottlecollecting
www.mrbottles.com/
www.kovels.com› Bottle collecting has
become a major American hobby.
South African books, the centre and right
hand ones available from Paul Botha

Dorathea het Grafiese Skone Kunste aan
die Pretoriase Technikon bestudeer.
Aanvanklik het sy privaatklasse gegee en
het later 'n voltydse goudsmid geword. Die
media wat sy die afgelope 25 jaar van
gebruik gemaak het, is goud en silwer. Die
afgelope paar jaar maak sy ook van
platinum gebruik. Sy het vir 'n paar jaar (in
die 2000's) aan die 'Pretoria Gem and
Mineral Club' behoort.
Dorathea het in 2011 'n derde plek en 'n
meriete toekenning in die PlatAfrica
Jewellery Design and Manufacturing
Competition, soos deur AngloAmerican
uitgeskryf, behaal. In 2012 ontvang sy vir
dieselfde kompetisie 'n meriete
toekenning vir 'Most Creative Theme'. In
2014 behaal sy 'n tweede plek met haar
armbandinskrywing getitel 'Nature
Fantastique'. Hierdie werke van Dorathea
kan op die PlatAfrica-webtuiste gesien
word.
Dorathea is met Leon getroud en hulle het
3 kinders.
Sy kan by 0825513259 /
gekontak
word.
Alle foto's is deur Veronica Anderson
(Veronica Anderson Jewellery, Rosebank)
geneem.
dannandale@vodamail.co.za
Elected as President of FOSAGAMS at the Gemboree held at Springbok in 2012. Linda
has served on the FOSAGAMS Executive for 20 years. She is also a member of the
FOSAGAMS Cabochon Judging Committee. Linda received
her silversmith training from the well-known gold- and
silversmith, Dorathea Annandale. She has entered pieces
in the jewellery categories (manufacturing) at various
National Shows and has obtained several first, second and
third prizes. Linda's jewellery is worn in South Africa, New
Zealand, Australia and Canada. She is active in
metalworking at her home-workshop. She has been chief
organiser and tour guide for club outings for several years.
She regularly arranges trips to Alldays, Bakerville,
Burgersfort, Groot Marico, Lichtenburg, Lydenburg,
Musina, Pilgrim's Rest, Pontdrif, Roossenekal, Steelpoort, Thabazimbi, Vivo,
Waterpoort, Zeerust as well as scouting trips in the ongoing search for new rock and
mineralsites.LindaisamemberofthePretoriaGemandMineralClub.Herappointment
as workshop manager makes her the first and only female manager to date. Regarding
Linda's career as an educator, she teaches Afrikaans as a specialist at a secondary school
levelforchildrenwithlearningdisabilities.
Deur Linda Stone
Alle foto's is deur Veronica Anderson (Veronica Anderson Jewellery, Rosebank) geneem.
Dorathea Annandale

Akwakristalle, Druzekristalle, 9kt en
18kt goud
Akwamarynkristalle
Ametis, 18kt goud
Druzikwarts, Toermalyn, 9kt goud
Granaat, 9kt goud
Groen Ametis, Karneool, pêrels, 9kt
goud

Koraal, ongeslypte Granaat (by strand
opgetel), Toermalyn
Labradoriet, 9kt en 18kt goud
Opaal, 9kt goud, Opaal
(oranjekleurige stene)
Robyn cabochons en -krale, 9kt en
18kt goud geöksideer
Tanzaniet
Tanzaniet

I recently had the distinct privilege to travel
to Yekaterinburg, Russia, as part of an
international group of scientists attending
th
the 12 International Platinum Symposium.
Apart from a fully packed scientific
programme, delegates were also afforded
the opportunity to visit three museums
within the city, showcasing the rich
geological, mineralogical and stone craft
heritage of the Urals.
The Ural Mineralogical
Museum Pelepenko hosts the
private collection of V.A.
Pelepenko, an electrician by
training, but a mineral
enthusiast by heart. The
collection is described as one
of the most spectacular in
Russia (in my opinion, perhaps
one of the most spectacular in
the world) and hosts an
enormous variety of mineral
specimens from the Urals and
other parts of Russia. The
museum also contains a wide
variety of stone art objects
manufactured by local stone
crafters, some of which are
truly breathtaking (Figure 1). The museum
has a small (but expensive) shop selling
mineral specimens, jewellery and stone
objet d'art. We were fortunate to have a
translator as the curator of the museum and
theshopstaffdidnotspeakanyEnglish.
The Ural Geological Museum of the Ural
State Mining University, the first higher
education institution in the Urals founded
by Emperor Nicholas II in 1914, is home to
Freddie is Senior Lecturer (Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology) and
HeadoftheDepartmentofGeologyattheUniversityoftheFreeState.He
recently completed the Diploma in Gemmology of the Gemmological
Association of Great Britain. He has been collecting minerals and rocks
formanyyearsandisluckytohaveawifewhoisalsoageologist.
The Urals:
A mineralogical wonderland
By: Freddie Roelofse
Miner loading his cart. Note the amethyst
crystals in the cart and in his hands and the uvarovite
“grass”. Ural Mineralogical Museum Pelepenko.

more than 500,000 items showcasing
the mineral treasures of the Urals. A
new exhibition, “Platinum of the
Urals”, was especially prepared to
th
celebrate the hosting of the 12
International Platinum Symposium.
Upon entering the museum, one is
greeted by a 784 kg quartz crystal
suspended in a specially prepared
cradle (Figure 2). The ground floor
has no less than three shops selling
some excellent and very reasonably
priced mineral specimens, stone
objet d'art, jewellery and loose
gemstones. It should be noted that
export of unfashioned mineral
specimens require special permits,
but I took my chances and managed
to get everything that I had bought
safely to South Africa, without any
issues. The second floor of the
museum is dedicated to a systematic
mineralogy collection showcasing
more than 10,000 mineral specimens
from the Urals and further afield
(Figure 3). The museum also has a
small collection of meteorites,
including a collection of the 14
February 2013 Chelyabinsk meteorite
that caused widespread damage in
the region (Figure 4). The
gemmological wonder of the Urals is
represented by numerous fine
specimens of emeralds, diamonds,
rubies, demantoid and malachite.
The museum's “Golden room”
contains a unique collection of
precious metals including some
excellent examples of gold nuggets,
crystals and dendrites.
The Museum of Stone-cutting and
Jewellery Art History situated close to
Quartz crystal weighing 784 kg in the foyer of
the Ural Geological Museum.
A fine selection of pyrite crystals and clusters
in the systematic mineralogy collection of the
Ural Geological Museum.

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the picturesque city pond showcases the
rich stone-cutting heritage of the region
and was opened in 1992. The museum
houses numerous examples of carvings and
other objet d'art (including excellent
examples of Florentian and Russian
mosaics) fashioned from a wide variety of
materials including malachite (Figure 5),
rhodonite, jasper and marble. The walls of
one of the exhibition halls are lined with
pictures depicting the rich mining folklore
of the region. The museum has a small but
expensive shop.
If you still have unfilled voids in your
luggage after visiting the museum shops, a
visit to the open-air marketplace next to
the city's circus may find you leaving with
some bargains. Here you will find a wide
selection of stalls selling antiques,
Polished and etched slice of the
Seymchan stony-iron meteorite. Ural
Geological Museum.
Russian mosaic, malachite vase.
Museum of stone-cutting and
jewellery art history
numismatic items, and a small selection of
militaria, typical Russian souvenirs and of
course, mineral specimens and stone art.
Mineral specimens and stone art objects at
the marketplace are considerably cheaper
than those sold at the Museum Pelepenko,
but I would recommend that you compare
prices at the Ural Geological Museum
before buying at the marketplace.
If you depart Yekaterinburg by air, you
might be tempted to blow the last of your
roubles at one of the many airport shops
selling mineral specimens, jewellery and
stone art objects. So, if you're an avid
mineral enthusiast finding yourself on the
boundary between Europe and Asia, a
couple of days spent in Yekaterinburg
acquainting yourself with the mineral
riches of the Urals, may be well worth your
while.

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FOSAGAMS Facebook
page highlights
Where else would you find prize winning
pictures of minerals and gemstones,
stunning pictures of huge colored
diamonds, amazing gold specimen and
mind blowing jewelery pictures, a picture
of rarities like a snail shell in amber that
is millions of years old and other up to
date news about our hobby? On the new
Federation of Southern African Gem And
Mineral Facebook page of course.
Follow this link
and click LIKE to get a daily dose of
what's new in our hobby.
https://www.facebook.com
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Once again Linda Stone (President of
FOSAGAMS) organized this outing
highlight for all interested SA-Rockhounds
under the patronage of the PGMC club.
We joined the group of roughly 26 people
originating from Pretoria, Johannesburg,
Nelspruit and even as far as Durban, on
Wed. 02.07.2014 at 11.00 am in VIVO,
from where we departed in convoy to the
Corundum site.
This private land is owned by a farmer; we
had to locate “captain” Johannes, the chief
of the community, donated a small
amount of money towards community
development and then followed his
vehicle to the edge of the settlement,
picking up some guides along the way. The
vehicles were parked and we continued
“on foot” through dense bushfeld
vegetation, searching for the entrance
path to the Corundum mine.
This must have been quite an operation in
its days and corundum crystals were
plenty for all to pick-up, dig out or smash
Collecting Outing to VIVO and
surrounding areas, -2 - 06.07.2014
Report and photos by Heidi Naudé
Heidi was born in Germany and came to SA in 1985. Her Mineral
and Gem collecting interests only really came into being after she
joined the Pretoria Club in 2004. Heidi has been an active PGMC
Committee member since 2007, responsible for Membership
AdministrationandtheClubNewsletter.
Her interests in the hobby, besides collecting, are lapidary work ie
slicing rocks, cutting cabochons, beading, wire wrapping, making
gemtrees,grindingeggsandsmallscaletumbling.
Crystals
ranged from
small to
large – see
photo, top
rock
containing
corundum
crystals and
one nice big
specimen
(right)
chiseled out
of it's host
rock.
out of the hosting rocks.
After two exiting and exhausting hours, we
returned to our vehicles and made our way
back to Ari and Sannie Kruger's farm
“Dankbaar” close to Alldays. The gravel
roads were in good condition but still two
of our vehicles suffered damage to their
tyres/rims caused by rocks on the edge of
the road. Everybody showed good team

Mountain of Garnets Plant Messina mine
Garnets GarnetsGarnet collection
At the Green Quartz quarry
spirit and helped to get the stranded cars
running again and shortly after sunset
everyone had reached the farm safely.
Sannie quickly helped the new arrivals to
settle in and afterwards embarked on a
telephone rescue mission to get the
damaged tyres and rims repaired for the
rockhounds – just amazing to experience
such helpfulness and kindness.
On Thursday we went off early morning to
the green Quartz site. After a short
introduction meeting with the owner, we
drove over fairly rough terrain to the Barry
Venter (photos above). With the adrenalin
still pumping from the drive, the group
could not wait to get their hands on the
beautiful material available and everyone
started “seeing” products being made:
“this will be a nice sphere”, “will this be
suitable for eggs”, “perfect for
cabochons”, “can't wait to get this into the
tumbler”. Then there was the old question
- is it green Quartz or Aventurine?
Apparently the absence of Mica particles
in the material is the main reason that this
is classified as green Quartz. Nobody
seemed to mind in the end and vehicles
were quickly loaded to capacity. Some of
us took the short climb up to the original
outcrop, which was reportedly discovered

by hunters using it as view point during
their expeditions (a photo thereof was
published in our NL08.2013).
Our next stop was a Garnet collection site;
big rocks full of dark red Garnet crystals
everywhere (photos above). The crystals
could be hammered out of the host rocks
or even picked-up on the road. Crystal sizes
varied from very small to about 2 cm in
diameter. I also found one fist sized lump
which still needs to be cleaned to see if one
can do something with it (photo left
below). When last did you stand on a
“mountain” of Garnets (photo right
below)?
Friday morning we took the long road to
Musina and after about 2 hours we arrived
and met the geologists Helge Dirr and
Copper minerals and
lapidary material
Shaft 5 at old Messina
mine
Dragon Stone
Empowerment shop/warehouse - scratching through their dump
Trip with geologists

Johan Potgieter who took us to Shaft 5 at
the old Messina mine. After a short
explanation and safety check they took us
to the collection dumps. It was really a
privilege to have such knowledge on hand
and all our questions were patiently
answered. Copper minerals as well as
lapidary material was plentiful (see photos
below); I got some Dragon Stone, can't wait
to cut and polish those.
After that we visited a black empowerment
shop/warehouse to buy some more
lapidary material and ornaments. They also
allowed us to their storage area, on a farm
nearby, to scratch through big piles of
Jasper, Aventurine, Unakite, Rose Quartz,
Rhodonite, Magnetite and lots more (see
photos below).
After that the geologists thought it was
time for some” field work” and they took
us on an exhausting, but exciting drive
through various river beads and up the
mountain to a new collecting site for
copper related minerals. Malachite and
Azurite specimens where found amongst
others in a narrow trench – well worth
investigating by the look on the faces of
our mineralogists (see photos below)..
On Saturday, we took a very scenic drive
through big tomato and pepper
plantations, beautiful cotton fields and
Mineral collecting field work in dry river beds
Selection of rocks collected and agate
cut. Linda Stone and Sannie Kruger

massive Baobab trees to
the Limpopo river bank in
search of Agates. We got
some nice pieces of
normal and also moss
Agate. From there we
proceeded to the old Sita
Diamond diggings to look
for Garnets and any other
interesting material
catching our eyes. The
Garnets were sparkling
beautiful in the sunshine,
unfortunately they were
very small, but that could
not deter our collecting
spirits. Once more we
jumped into our cars and
drove to another location
at the Limpopo river in
search for more agates.
En route we also visited
the crocodile farm which was flooded last
year and saw hundreds of crocodiles
escaping their enclosures, many of them
are still free today.
HISTORICAL TITBIT
(Did you know that . . . ?)
MOUNTAIN GEOLOGY BY CHRISTO
RAUBENHEIMER
Did you ever heard of a geologist named
MOUNTAIN?? Not? Well, in the 1950s and 60s
Rhodes University had a professor of geology
whose name was Edgar D Mountain! His
speciality was mineralogy and he discovered a
number of minerals: As a young scientist at the
British Museum, he co-authored the discovery
article of the mineral Diaboleite – a wonderful,
intense blue mineral. Later, during his tenure at
Rhodes (also being Head of the Department for
a time), he investigated the famous kimberlite
pipe at Bultfontein in the Orange Free State and
discovered two new minerals there (1957). He
named them Mountainite after himself and
Rhodesite after Cecil John Rhodes. These two
minerals are similar to Bultfonteinite in
appearance, all three being white and fibrous
and originating from the same kimberlite pipe.
In 1968, he published a handy guide called
“Geology of Southern Africa”, describing the
geology of South Africa, Namibia, Botswana,
Zimbabwe and Southern Mozambique. This
book became the standard reference on
Southern African popular geology. It is
interesting to read and to compare to modern
views of the geology of this region. Apart from
being a renowned geologist, Mountain was an
excellent athlete, competing in the Olympic
Games of 1920 and 1924 in the 'half-mile' (800
meter) in which item he was a one-time World
record holder!

THE HORST WINDISCH INCENTIVE FOR
SOUTHERN AFRICAN SUBSCRIBERS
An annual award of R200 will be made to that Southern African
subscriber who has, in the opinion of the committee of the SA Gems
and Minerals magazine, submitted the best original article to be
published in the magazine during a calendar year. We are preferably
looking for articles with a southern African flavour (although this is
not a necessity), relating to minerals, mineral collecting,
micromounting,geologypalaeontology,lapidaryandtravelogues.
ArticlesinAfrikaansarealsowelcome.
So, budding writers sharpen your pencil or boot up that PC and get
typing. Allarticlescanbeemailedto: editor@fosagams.co.za

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The Big welcome at Pella
BACKGROUND
th
The 47 Gemboree of the Federation of
South African Gem and Mineral Societies
was hosted by the Cape Town
Mineralogical Society of South Africa and
took place at Klein Pella in the Northern
Cape. It was attended by 56 participants
from all over South Africa and 2 from
Namibia.
The venue was at the farm Klein Pella and
Johan is a Civil Engineer, working in Windhoek, Namibia. In his spare time, he is a
freelanceTourguideon4x4andoverlandingtrips.
He has written and published 2 guide books on Namibia viz Discovering the Secrets of
Namibia: Kaokoland and Discovering the Secrets of Namibia: Damaraland. These
books are the most complete guidebooks of the respective areas available today. He is
soontopublishDiscoveringthesecretsofnorth-eastNamibia.
Johan is also a free-lance journalist for a number of Southern African magazine
including; SA 4X4, Die Weg/Go and WegRy/Drive Out magazines and “Die Burger” the
regionalAfrikaansnewspaperinCapeTown.
accommodation was provided on this farm
as well at Oasis. A small hall at Oasis was
used for registration purposes, to display
goods for sale during the registration
period and also to do a presentation on
quartz. However, the main activities, such
as the display of goods for sale, the
auction, the opening ceremony and
–dinner as well as the closing ceremony
were held at Klein Pella.
Gemboree:
Friday 18 to Monday 21 April 2014
By Johan Snyman

THE GEMBOREE
Participants started
arriving on Thursday 17
April and registration
continued until Friday
evening the 18th. No
field activities were
scheduled for this
period and it was
mainly used to socialise
and greet old friends
from previous
Gemborees and to
make some new ones.
Some of the dealers
also set up shop in the
hall.
Malcolm Jackson looking very pleased
with his purchase
Malcolm Jackson doing a presentation
on quartz crystals
Saturday 19 April
We departed at 08h15 to a nearby quartz
deposit and along the way stopped at
some small miners/traders.
Friday18April
Participants kept on arriving, and
registering. Malcolm Jackson gave a
presentation on quartz crystals the
afternoon. Some of the dealers set up shop
in the hall at the Oasis Guest Farm. That
evening a communal braai was held as
Oasis while the annual meeting of the
FOSAGAMS committee took place. Convoy lining up
At the registration desk : l to r : Carol Coleman, Jenni
Grandi, Margaret Jackson and Maureen Gallon

Linda Stone with Quartz
At the Orange River Quartz site

The traders set up their stalls at Klein Pella the afternoon.
That evening we had the formal opening of
the Gemboree and dinner. Afterwards
Johan Snyman gave a presentation on the
Kaokoland, Damaraland and Bushmanland
regions of Namibia.
Linda Stone opening
the GemboreeMalcolm Jackson at the opening ceremony
Lovely Amethyst crystals for sale
Rob Smith brought along some
machinery to sell

Sunday20April
We visited the small Mission Town, Pella, where specimens could be bought from small
miners/traders and also had a look at the old Roman Catholic Church. This Church was built by
missionaries with the aid of pictures in an Encyclopaedia in the late 1800's. It is still in use to
thisdayandaNationalMonument.
At PellaAt Pella
At the dinner party
The old Roman Catholic Church at Pella
Johan Snyman giving a presentation
on Kaokoland etc
Inside the church
At the dinner party
Having dinner at the opening ceremony

From there we returned to Klein Pella where we could scratch around on some stockpiles
where amazonite, amethyst and picture stone could be collected.
During the afternoon the dealers were active again, and the auctions of donated goods
were held.
The auction
At Klein Pella
That evening we had a communal braai, and afterward the closing ceremony was held. It
was announced that the next Gemboree would be hosted by the Natal Mineral and Gem
Society, and the anticipated venue, is Jozini in northern KwaZulu-Natal.
At Klein Pella
Henri Scramm auctioning. Ken Coleman
looking on.

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Monday 21 April
It was time to bid old, and some new,
friends farewell as each went their
separate way.
CONCLUSION
This has been yet another memorable
Gemboree with our fellow rock-hounds.
Many thanks to the organising team, and
the management of Klein Pella for making
it all possible.
The closing ceremony of the Gemboree

ORYKTOLOGIKA NEA -
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EVERYTHING STARTS FROM ROUGH MATERIAL

The Southern African Gems and Minerals Magazine focuses on readers interested in the earth
sciences. Contributions are welcome on minerals, sands, lapidary, jewellery as well as geology,
archaeology and palaeontology. Below is the required format for submitted articles. Articles in the
Afrikaanslanguagearewelcome.
1. All article text must be submitted in electronic format, preferably as a Microsoft Word
document. Colour or black and white photographs will be accepted. Digital photographs of an
appropriatesubjectareacceptedforthecoverandthetext. Digitalimagesmustbeaminimum
of 300 dpi and either JPEG or TIFF format. The Editor reserves the right to reject low-quality
photographs. The Editor reserves the right to edit or shorten articles submitted. Articles will
not be accepted in PowerPoint format. Article text may be submitted as an e-mail attachment,
with illustration files sent separately on CD or if sufficiently small in size can be emailed. Or
both article text and illustrations may be submitted on CD to the following address: Editor –
SAGM,P.O.Box3828,Cresta2118,SouthAfrica.Email
2. Captions for mineral specimen photographs should include. (a) Species (b) Specimen size or
crystalsize.(c)Locality(d)Photographer(e)Specimenowner.
3. Citationswithinthetextshouldbegivenasauthor'ssurnameanddate.Examples:
Smith(1983)
SmithandTaylor(1984)
Jonesetal.(1985)[incasesofthreeormoreauthors].
Text taken verbatim from a reference should be in italics and inverted commas followed by the
author and date of publication, e.g. “Growth is only possible upward and laterally explaining the
remarkable flat surface of the trays” (Martini 1986). Should the text be written as a paraphrase
from a reference, then the name of the author and date of publication needs to quoted at the end
of the sentence e.g. The rise in the levels of oxygen after the massive depletion of iron meant that
photosynthesising bacteria would face near extinction as oxygen is a reactive and highly toxic gas
(Southwood,2003).
References need to be alphabetically listed and written in the format shown here with the
referenceheadinginCAPITALS.
REFERENCES
Cawthorn, R.G., Eales, H.V., Walraven, F., Uken, R. and Watkeys, M.K. (2006). The Bushveld
Complex. In: Johnson, M.R., Anhaeusser, C.R. and Thomas, R.J. (Eds.), The Geology of South Africa.
GeologicalSocietyofSouthAfrica,Johannesburg/CouncilforGeoscience,Pretoria,261-281.
Articletitleandauthor(s)name(s).
Authors must include contact details to be printed with the title. These can be an email address,
website, physical or postal address. A good quality head-and-shoulders picture of the author(s)
shouldbeincluded.
FontandFontSize:
Calibri 10.5
FigureCaptions:
FigurecaptionsaretobeinCalibri11withnoitalicse.g.Figure1.SimplifiedgeologyoftheBushveld
Complex,SouthAfrica.The‘Figure1'shouldbeinbold.
EDITOR
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Guidelines to Contributors

mass@thefacetingstudio.co.za
2. Administrator:Althea Crundwell P
0823389236 althea.crundwell@gmail.com
3. Newsletter Editor: Claudette Denner P
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KIMBERLEY LAPIDARY CLUB
1. Chairman:Dr Ludi von Bezing P(053) 861 1075
(h) vbezing@intekom.co.za
NELSPRUIT GEM AND MINERAL CLUB
1. Spokesperson: PaulVermaakCell0828710712,
P0137440474(h)
Paul.Vermaak@ellerines.co.za
NAMIBIA: WALVISBAY GEM AND MINERAL CLUB
1. Chairman:Gerhard Louw P064 207 004 (local)
002 6464 207 004 (international) P081 129
9312
2. (local) P002 6481 129 9312 (international)
gv.louw@gmail.com
Secretary:Petra Kesler P064 207 004 (local)
P002 6464 207004 (international)
PIETERMARITZBURG GEM AND MINERAL CLUB
1. Spokesperson:Craig A'Bear P(031) 311 6673
(w) P082 818 4204 AbearC@durban.gov.za
2. Secretary: NewsletterVal Spearman (033) 386
5018 ve.spearman@gmail.com
PRETORIA GEM AND MINERAL CLUB
1. Chairman: Bernard Strydom P078 187 3267
bernardstrydom@gmail.com
2. Secretary: Elmarie Coetzee P084 333 3445
elmariec1@gmail.com
3. NewsletterHeidi Naude P072 923 2180
heidi.naude@za.bosch.com
4. Website Address:pgmc.co.za
PORT ELIZABETH: THE SOUTH AFRICAN GEM AND
MINERAL CLUB
1. Chairman:Reinhardt van Vuuren P074 249
8053 reinhardtvv@gmail.com
2. Secretary: Newsletter Editor:Angie van Vuuren
P074 887 4557
NOTE:
All club information is available on the website
www.fosagams.co.za
sagemclubpe@gmail.com
CAPE TOWN: MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY OF
SOUTHERN AFRICA
(CAPE TOWN GEM AND MINERAL CLUB)
1. Chairman:Malcolm Jackson P(021) 551 8009
(h) P073 178 8123
jacksonhome@telkomsa.net
2. Secretary / Newsletter Editor:Jo Wicht P(021)
976 3808 (h) P082 934 7922
Joanna.wicht@kingsley.co.za
4. Website Address:ctminsoc.org.za
DURBAN: NATAL MINERAL AND GEM SOCIETY
1. Chairman:Roy Brain P(031) 464 0686 072
229 8974 chairman@nmags.co.za
2. Secretary:Sheila Shaw P(031) 702 1508
secretary@nmags.co.za
3. Newsletter:Colin Glover editor@nmags.co.za
4. Club's e-mail address:info@nmags.co.za
5. Website Address:nmags.co.za
JOHANNESBURG
WITWATERSRAND GEM AND MINERAL
CLUB
1. Chairman: Massimo Leone P0823720328
MEMBER CLUBS OF THE FEDERATION OF SA
GEMANDMINERALOGICALSOCIETIES
CLASSIFIED RATES: R20 per insertion (maximum 5 lines) to non-dealer subscribers only.
Advertisement smalls only accepted with payment in advance. Adverts must be received 2
CALENDAR MONTHS IN ADVANCE OF EACH EDITION for advertisements elsewhere in this
issue.Contacteditor@fosagams.co.za
FOSAGAMS INFO
GENERAL ADVERTISING
RATES
Advertising rates for the Southern African
Gems and Minerals magazine for 2014.
Any enquiries about payments in this
regard should be directed to Ray Biram
sagm.treasurer@fosagams.co.za
Pleasenotethatthe Pagesize isA5
Quarter page. . . . . . . . . . . . R 125.00
Half page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 250.00
Full page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 500.00
Outside back cover . . . . . . R1000.00
Full inside cover page and
facing pages — back or front
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rhombic engineering
P.O. Box 6075 Westgate 1734 Tel 011 760-2415
rhombic@mweb.co.za
Messina quartz
Photograph by Bruce Cairncross
Owned by Ronnie McKenzie
Ajoite

Rob Smith Collection
Jeff Scoval Photo
BRANCHES AT
1. CAPE TOWN. SHOP 2 PROTEA ASSURANCE BUILDING GREENMARKET SQUARE. Call +27 (0)73 531 2667
2. CAPE TOWN. UNIT 8 PROSPERITY PARK MONTAGUE GARDENS.................................+27 (0)78 888 0416
3. JOHANNESBURG - SOUTH AFRICA ............................................................................+27 (0)76 665 1711
4. GERMISTON (BY APPOINTMENT ONLY) ....................................................................+27 (0)76 665 1711
5. AUCKLAND NEW ZEALAND ....................................................................................Call +64 21 256 5868
EMAIL: gems@africangems.com www.AfricanGems.com

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