Radiation Exposure Of Cell Phones & Its Impact On Humans. Electromagnetic Radiation. Radio Waves Emitted By The Cell Phone. Cell Phone Base Station. Antennas On Cell Tower Transmit In The Frequency Range. Types Of Antennas –Transmission. Types Of Base Stations-operators. Possible Health Effects Of ELF-EMF/RFR Exposure Effects & Base Station. Illness That Have Potential Links To Phone Radiation. Awareness Among People. Wealth Vs Health. The Precautionary Principle. Conclusion.

1. A Seminar on
“RADIATION EXPOSURE OF CELL PHONES &
ITS IMPACT ON HUMANS”
Submitted by:
Shahrukh Javed

2. Today's Discussion
Radiation Exposure Of Cell Phones & Its Impact On Humans.
Electromagnetic Radiation.
Radio Waves Emitted By The Cell Phone.
Cell Phone Base Station.
Antennas On Cell Tower Transmit In The Frequency Range.
Types Of Antennas –Transmission.
Types Of Base Stations-operators.
Possible Health Effects Of ELF-EMF/RFR Exposure Effects & Base Station.
Illness That Have Potential Links To Phone Radiation.
Awareness Among People.
Wealth Vs Health.
The Precautionary Principle.
Conclusion.

3. Electromagnetic Radiation
Radiation emitted from cell phones,
cell phone towers, Wi-Fi, FM tower
etc. are called electromagnetic
radiation(EMR).
EMR causes significant health hazards
on human.
The effect of mobile phone radiation on human health is the subject of interest and study, as a result of
the enormous increase in the use of wireless mobile telephony throughout the world.

4. Radio Waves Emitted By The Cell Phone
Thermal effect
•Burning sensation in the Ear.
•Whistling sound in the ear.
•Mood alteration & lack of concentration.
•Lack of sleep & Alters sleep physiology
•Premature Cataract.
•Confusion and loss of memory.
Non thermal effect
•Alterations in bio-cycles
•Cellular metabolism.
•Spermatogenesis.
•Abnormalities in foetal developments &
Miscarriage.
•Leakage of Albumin from blood into the
brain.
•Increased cellular responses.
Genotoxic effect
•Damage to chromosomes.
•Alterations in the activity of certain genes.
•Boosted rate of cell division.
Especially with specific reference to human health, can be categorized as:

5. Sar & Safety Guidelines
•Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is a measure of the rate at which energy is absorbed by the human body when
exposed to a radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic field.
•The amount of RF energy absorbed from the phone into the user’s body.
•SAR is usually expressed in terms of watts per kilogram (W/kg).
•SAR level for mobile handsets is limited to 1.6 Watt/Kg, averaged over a 6 minutes’ period on human tissue as
per the FCC norms of United States.
•India has adopted the FCC norms for mobile handsets, from 1st Sept. 2013, only the mobile handsets with
revised SAR value of 1.6 W/kg would be permitted to be manufactured or imported in India.
•SAR provides a straight forward means for measuring the RF exposure of cell phones to ensure that they are
within the safety guidelines set by the FCC”

6. Cell Phone Base Station
•Mobile Phone Base Stations Are Radio
Transmitter With Antennas Commonly
Mounted On The Buildings.
•Radio Signals Are Fed Through Cables
To The Antennas And Then Launched
As Radio Waves Into The Cell Around
The Base Station.

7. ANTENNAS ON CELL TOWER TRANSMIT IN THE
FREQUENCY RANGE
CDMA 869-890 MHz
GSM 900 935-960 MHz
GSM 1800 1805-1880 MHz
3G 2110-2170 MHz
4G 2190-2310 MHz

8. PANEL-SHAPED SECTOR-
ANTENNAS.
MACRO CELL : Largest area of coverage
within a mobile network.
POLE SHAPED OMNI -
ANTENNAS.
MICRO CELL : Coverage over distances,
typically between 300m and 1000m .
DISH-
ANTENNAS.
PICO CELL : Localized coverage
(train stations or shopping
centers).
Types Of Antennas –Transmission Types Of Base Stations- Operators

9. POSSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS OF ELF-EMF/RFR
EXPOSURE EFFECTS & BASE STATION
• SLEEP DISRUPTION • HEADACHE
• LACK OF CONCENTRATION • FORGETFUL MEMORY
• DEPRESSION TENDENCY • FATIGUE
• VISUAL DISORDERS • CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS
• DIZZINESS • PALPITATIONS OF THE HEART
• BUZZING IN THE HEAD • ALTERED REFLEXES
*Found significant health effects on people living within 300 meters of mobile phone base stations.

11. Awareness Among People
Awareness of exposure can be accomplished by the use of warning levels or by education through
appropriate means:
1. Handset booklet should contain the information of the SAR value for mobile phone.
2. Use a wireless hands-free system (headphone, headset)to reduce radiation to the head.
3. People having active medical implants should keep their cell phone at least 30 cm away from the
implant.
4. Using a mobile phone in an open area, so that the phone receives a good signal and transmits at lower
level.
5. Buying a cell phone, which has low SAR ,and the information of the SAR value for mobile phone
should be available to consumer at the point of sale.

12. We Have To Decide :Wealth Vs Health

13. The Precautionary Principle
Things you can do to reduce the adverse effects Cell Phone Radiation Exposure:
• Using cell phone only when a conventional phone is not available(undeniable recommendation).
• keep your calls short, Avoid long conversations instead send a text.
• Try to avoid using your phone if the signal strength is low find a better location to make a call.
• Try to use the phone outdoors rather than inside or move close to a window to make a call.
• Keep the phone and particularly the antenna (the main source of radiation) as far as possible from your
head.

14.  Limit the usage as much as possible if pregnant, radiation hazard is more in children than adults.
 Eat green vegetables and get a good night’s sleep in a dark room to enhance natural repair of DNA
that may have been damaged by radiation .
 Switch off your phone when not in use & turn off your wireless router at night to minimize exposure
to radiation, keep mobile phone away from bed while sleeping.
 Charging your phone creates a high level of radiation, so charge it in another room .

15. CONCLUSION
1. Users should be informed about the current scientific uncertainty and advised to limit exposures
whenever possible.
2. Mobile companies should accept that radiation causes serious health problems.
3. Current safety standards should be urgently revised & stricter radiation norms must be enforced in
India.
4. Need to develop health based precautionary guidelines in the country based on Indian
epidemiological studies.
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16. Questions

17. THANK YOU ALL
SHAHRUKH JAVED
Website: http://shahrukhjaved.webs.com