1. Saturn 2016
Yulian Slobodyan
Serge Haziyev
Internet of Things
Reference Architecture
& Case Studies

2. “Look deep into nature,
and then
you will understand
everything better.”
~ Albert Einstein

3. Cognitive
Loop Learn
Operate
ActSense

4. People
Environment
Things
Cognitive
Loop
Learn
Operate
Act
Sense
Learn
Operate
Sense Act

5. Cognitive
Loop
People
Environment
Things
Learn Act
Cloud
Actuators
HMIs
Software
Hardware
Sensors
HMIs
Learn
Operate
ActSense

6. People
& Things
Edge
& Communication
Data
Applications
& Services
Act
Sense
Operate
Manage & Control
Link
Bridge
Interconnect
Contextualize
Ingest
Process
Store
Augment Intelligence
Augment Behavior
Reference Model

7. People
& Things
Edge
& Communication
Data
Applications
& Services
Environ-
ment
Act World
Actuators
HCI
People
Things
Sense Link Bridge Interco-
nnect
Context-
ualize
Ingest
Process Store
Network
MGNT
Configuration
MGNT
Software
MGNT
Identity &
Access MGNT
Security
MGNT
Inventory
MGNT
Process
MGNT
Data
MGNT
PKI Monitoring Log
MGNT
Alerting
Manage
& Control
Operate
Augment
Intelligence
Augement
Behavior
Sensors
HCI
Software Hardware
WSN Edge
Gateways
IP-
Enabled
Devices
Event
Processing
Batch
Processing
Data
Pipelines
Bus
Wired
Other
Cellular Social
Reporting
Analytics
ML
Search
Appli-
cations
Services M2M
Work-
flows
3rd-party
Events
Batch
LPWAN
Satellite
Fiber
Copper
Time-
series
NoSQL
DFS
RDBMS
Long-
term
Implementation View

8. People
& Things
Edge
& Communication
Data
Applications
& Services
Security
Maintainability
Reliability
Durability & Resilience
Power efficiency
Invisibility
Security
Maintainability
Reliability
High-Availability
Performance
Interoperability
Security
Maintainability
High-Availability
Performance
Security
Maintainability
Configurability
Fault-tolerance
Interoperability
Quality Attributes

9. Backdoor Accounts
UART Access
Unencrypted Storage
Remote Shell Access
Cleartext Local API
Cleartext Cloud API
Known Vulnerabilities
That Ship With New Devices

10. People
& Things
Security
Maintainability
Reliability
Durability & Resilience
Power efficiency
Invisibility
People & Things: Tactics
Hardware Root of Trust
(TPM/SE/Kerkey/
STSAFE-A)
Trusted Execution
Environment (TEE)
Secure onboarding
and provisioning
process (HSM)
Firmware verification
Physical tampering
detection
Strong encryption
Strong authentication
of interactions (network,
peripherals)

11. Freezers and fridges monitoring and management solution.
Cloud based services allowing bidirectional communication to hundreds
thousands sensors/actuators for data collection/remote assets
management and analytics.
Designed to scale up to hundreds
thousands devices Operational expenses
optimization
Marketing insights based on
user behavior analytics
Improved supply chain
and logistics
Business Value
Case Study:
Smart Fridges Solution

12. Cloud Architecture
Raw Storage
(S3)
Staging
Storage
(S3)
Report
(Redsift)
Journal
(Graphite / InfluxDB)
Communication
Servers
Actions
UI
Send
Commands
Device
Configuration
Management
Custom
Implem. CoAP LWM2M CoAP
Mapping
UI
Device /
Master Data
Mappings
Batch
Processing
(Spark)
UI / API
MDM Core
Mapping
Master Data
UI / API
Import /
Export
Dictionaries
& Operations
Device Management
Master Data
Management
Import /
Export
Analytical
Reports
Operational
Reports
Reporting
Platform
Interactive
Journal
(HighCharts)
Data collection,
Reporting Operational / Analytical
Batch
Layer
Speed
Layer
Web
Portal
Streaming &
Enrichment
(Spark)
Event
Broker
(Kafka)

13. Sensors Hardware
WAN: GSM
Gateway nodes: ARM8
Leaf nodes: ARM Cortex M4
Sensor Network: I C, RF
Sensors: Light, temperature, AC/DC,
camera, weight, other
2

14. Analytics
Dashboard

15. DEMO
cratic
IoT

16. Icons created by Simon Child from Noun Project
User
Contract
Owner
Blockchain
Contract
Sensor
Gateway
Tech
Support
Infrastructure
Providers
Sensors
Owner
Sound Level
Sensors
Real-time
Dashboard
Operational
Analytics

17. Back to the nature: IoT systems resemble Human as an organism and
Human society as an organization of services and devices
SEI Architectural methods such as ATAM and ADD are well applicable
to IoT domain - Quality Attributes and Tactics help design and
evaluate complex IoT solutions
Security is a significant challenge in IoT adoption, but most vendors
have started realizing it and we will see improvements soon
Summary

18. Questions