2. Behavioral Therapy
Behavioral therapy or behavioral
modification became popularized in
1950s from the result of a research
Project by B.F. Skinner, Ogden
Lindsley, Nathan H. Azrin and Harry
C. Solomon. This approach is built
on the principles of learning
theory, including Operant
conditioning developed by B.F.
Skinner and Classical conditioning
developed by Ivan Pavlov. Behavior
therapy is based upon the
fundamental theories of classical
conditioning, operant
conditioning, social learning, and
cognitive theory.
3. Cognitive Therapy
Cognitive therapy focuses primarily on the
thoughts and emotions that lead to certain
behaviors, while behavioral therapy deals
with changing and eliminating those
unwanted behaviors. However, some
therapists practice a type of psychotherapy
that focuses on both thoughts and behavior.
This type of treatment is called cognitive-
behavioral therapy.
4. Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy: Personal counseling
with a psychotherapist, is an
intentional interpersonal relationship
used by trained psychotherapists to aid
a client or patient in problems of living.
It aims to increase the individual's
sense of their own well-being.
Psychotherapists employ a range of
techniques based on experiential
relationship
building, dialogue, communication and
behavior change and that are designed
to improve the mental health of a
client or patient, or to improve group
relationships (such as in a family).
5. History
Precursors of certain fundamental aspects of
behavior therapy have been identified in
various ancient philosophical
traditions, particularly Stoicism.For
example, Wolpe and Lazarus wrote,While the
modern behavior therapist deliberately
applies principles of learning to this
therapeutic operations, empirical behavior
therapy is probably as old as civilisation – if
we consider civilisation as having begun
when man first did things to further the well-
being of other men. From the time that this
became a feature of human life there must
have been occasions when a man complained
of his ills to another who advised or
persuaded him of a course of action. In a
broad sense, this could be called behavior
therapy whenever the behavior itself was
conceived as the therapeutic agent.
