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SCADA of the Future
1. SCADA of the Future
Kelly Doran, Industry Solution Architect
2. Agenda
SCADA Trends
– CRM
– MOC
Evolution of SCADA
Architectures
– T&D, DSS, Rally, Log Servers
– Video, Mobile, GIS
SCADA Collaboration
– War Rooms, Incident Response
Future SCADA
– H/W innovations
– Mobile RTUS (Drones)
2
3. SCADA Trends
Control Room Management
Roles and Responsibilities
Adequate Information
– SCADA Displays, Safety Points, Point-to-Point
– Back-up System Testing
– Shift Turnover
Fatigue Mitigation
Alarm Management
Change Management
Operating Experience
– Training
– Compliance Validation
– Compliance Deviation
4. CRM – Driver of Change
CRM features that have become more common
include:
• Alert subsystems
• Intelligent alarm suppression
• Emailing of alarms from SCADA
• Tools for auditing changes
– Alarms, inhibits and forced overrides
• Alarm shelving or parking, re-alarming, controller
limits, reminder alarms, test-mode alarms
• Multiple alarm sets or profiles
• Collation of shift relevant information
• Commissioning tools for point to point verification
7. SCADA Trends
Adequate Information – Redesigned for Vigilance
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Dry Gas Scrubber
Main ACC OH Gas
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ACC
CW CW
CW CW
CW
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CV 3324
LCV 1884
Main ACC
FCC Wet Gas to
5 Gas
HPS
FWS
LPS
LPD
HPD
Main ACC
40# FUEL
LPS
H2O
Total H2O Flow
FWS
C9
Description of the tag
12345678PV
SP
OP
UNITS
UNITS
UNITS
12345678 UNITS
LCV1884 Water Separator Level
OP
COMP
MAN
AUTO
CAS
Cascade
Computer
Set to
Default
RRRRRRR
TRK
12345678
12345678
LOG
Date: Jan 1/2003, 11pm
Valve stem continues to stick...called
maint.
tracking number: 454632
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Date: Dec 23/2002, 10am
Valve stuck today...watch over next few
days
INFO
Cascaded
to:
P221 T53 L3
ALARM
Alarm 1 Descriptor
Alarm 2 Descriptor
Alarm 3 Descriptor
CLEAR INH ENB
POINT
DETAIL
TREND
60 50 40 30 20 10 0
SP
PV
OP
TRK
500
200
60 MINUTES
RANGE
LO 200
DEFAULT
1000
200
500HI
Feed
Schematic
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Reactors
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Back End
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Hydrogen
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Wet Gas
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API RP 1165/ASM
• Color
• Coding
• Text
• Navigation
• Performance
• Clutter
• Change
Management
8. Evolution of the SCADA architecture
• Rally or Muster Systems
RTUs
DistribuSys
Modes, Privileges,
Datasets
MCC BCC
Stations
Hot
Operational
Hot
Ready
Hot
Op.
Hot
Op.
Replicate to
Backup and Other
Stations
Rally or Muster
System
9. Evolution of the SCADA architecture
• Rally or Muster Systems
RTUs
DistribuSys
Modes, Privileges,
Datasets
MCC BCC
Stations
Hot
OperationalFailed
Hot
Op.
Hot
Op.
Replicate to
Backup and Other
Stations
Rally - Muster
System
10. Operational Intelligence & Analytics
Operational
Analytics
Business
Analytics
Operational
Intelligence
Business
Intelligence
Continuous
Exploration of Past
Business Performance
To Drive Planning
Delivery of Past
Business Information
Based On Consistent
Metrics
Real-Time Root Cause
Analysis To Solve The
Problem
Real-Time Reporting
To Identify & Detect
Inefficiencies,
Opportunities or
Threats
Reactive to Proactive
11. SCADA and Analytics
How Many, How Often, Where? (Top 5 Sites Energy Usage)
What Happened? (Daily Energy Usage)
What Is The Cause of The Problem? (Temperature)
What Action Is Needed? (Check HVAC)
What If Trends Continue?
What Will Happen Next? (Machinery Failure)
What’s The Best That Can Happen?
Why Is This Happening?
Standard
Reports
Ad Hoc
Reports
Query
Drilldown
Notification
Alerts
Statistical
Analysis
Forecasting
Predictive
Modeling
Optimization
CompetitiveAdvantage
Degree of Intelligence Intelligence
Component
Analytics
ComponentAnalytics & Intelligence Are Complementary
CompetitiveAdvantage
Degree of Intelligence
12. Evolution of the SCADA architecture
Build Out of Test & Development Systems
– Recognized best practice
• Early T&D systems were a copy of just the real-time
SCADA
– Historical servers where added
– Modern “T&D” systems are now fully distributed
SCADA system with all the replicated, redundant
systems
– RTU’s and PLC’s were added so that polling and
protocol changes could also be tested
13. Evolution of the SCADA architecture
Build Out of Test & Development Systems.
– New points or bulk changes need to be applied to
the production system
– “Pivot and transfer” tools will filter down to the
changes made and then provide a workflow to
move changes to the destination system
• provides an auditable record of the changes made
(recorded in the event journal on the receiving system)
14. Evolution of the SCADA architecture
Adoption of Decision Support Systems (DSS)
• Delivers SCADA Data to Enterprise; protecting
production SCADA
– Originally serving casual users
– DSS systems receive replicated near real-time and
historical information providing a safe and secure place to
access SCADA data
– Firewalled to be able to receive the SCADA data from
production and provide corporate access for a multitude
of purposes
– As the business value of the DSS was realized, redundancy
and availability and redundant match the overall
architecture
15. Evolution of the SCADA architecture
Examples of DSS Utilization
• Source for Reports (RealTime and Historical)
– SharePoint
– Web services
– Reporting services
– Safer ad-hoc queries and trial reports
• Engineering and operational reviews
– Efficiency, regulatory and safety reviews
• longer term retention of history
– Leak detection performance and threshold analysis
• Alarm management
16. Evolution of the SCADA architecture
Log Servers
• Error Logs are a key part of any computerized
engineering solution
– In some cases, the volume of error information generated
has become the root cause of a system failure
– And the information being written to the log was lost
• In order to prevent loss of critical log information and
to make sure that an error logging subsystem can never
take down a live sever, separate Log Servers are now
being architected into the overall SCADA system
solution.
– Additional benefits are the consolidation of all application
logs into a common centralized repository
17. Real-time Video Surveillance
• Smart video cameras offer virtual monitoring
providing intelligence to make well-informed process
decisions
• Industrial video cameras alarm when temperatures
exceed limits
– only meta-data transmitted
• Video cameras detecting natural gas releases have
matured and are being installed as hardened industrial
cameras monitoring remote stations
• Recent improvements to the hydrocarbon filters enable
these cameras to detect liquid hydrocarbon releases
on water
– complimenting conventional CPL leak detection
18. Mobile SCADA
The complex and extremely sensitive nature of
critical infrastructures tend to not lend themselves
to the convenience of data on mobile phones or
tablets
• Conversely, many SCADA systems feed
information into dashboards that provide
important business intelligence
– Decision makers are looking for up-to-date
information whether sitting at their desk or at the
airport
19. Mobile SCADA
• Many SCADA systems can now provide remote alarm
monitoring on tablet devices
– If a controller takes an extended break longer a formal
shift handover procedure may need to be executed
– With remote alarm monitoring, controllers can stay
plugged into their terminal and watch for critical alarms
while on a short break or meeting
• Mobile solutions allow technicians to take readings in
the field and verify displays with mobile HMI clients,
using the same displays as the control room
– Reducing the manpower required for the
commissioning/ verification effort
20. SCADA Collaboration for Incident Response
• SCADA is the nerve center for highly complex real-time
operations in both normal and abnormal operating
conditions
– When a serious incident takes place, it becomes an “all
hands on deck” situation
– Operations shift from maintaining safe operations to
mitigating the circumstances
– A “war room” environment is invaluable to provide up-to-
date information to the decision makers responsible for
the actions taken
– SCADA information is key, but only part of the labyrinth of
information needed for emergency response
21. SCADA Collaboration for Incident Response
Incident Management
– Real-time incident tracking and situational
monitoring
• Tools present disparate information from multiple data
sources, visualized dynamically & updated with data
fusion, correlation, and alerts
• Within this “integrated at the glass” environment,
collaborative User-Defined Operating Pictures (UDOP)
and/or Common Operating Pictures (COP) are created
with little or no programming
• Data fusion provides for instant visualization,
correlation, and analysis including 2-D and 3-D GEO
mapping
22. GIS in the Control Room
• Integration of GIS data with real-time data has been
slower than anticipated
– Using a map to navigate an HMI is not GIS
• Merged applications need to be carefully planned to
ensure that the human factors involved with the
increased data is effective and not disruptive to normal
operations
• The integration of SCADA and GIS data on the DSS
platform can support both spatial and real-time data
while protecting the live production SCADA system
– Updating GIS in real time using publish and subscribe
technology
23. GIS in the Control Room
Using the DSS architecture you can choose right GIS
applications such as:
– Right-Of-Way / Permitting
– Maintenance / Inspection Reporting
– Emergency Operations
– Asset Accounting and Tax Valuation
– Alignment Sheet Generation
– One-Call Response
– Compliance Reporting
– Risk Assessment
• Maintaining the command & control integrity of the
mission critical SCADA system
24. Management of Change
CRM regulations focus on ensuring changes that effect
control center operations are communicated to
controllers
– In order to do this efficiently, it has become necessary to
better manage all elements of SCADA system change
• Change management tools such as source control and
version management provide some MOC functionality
– More comprehensive change management processes and
procedures have become another requirement for full-
featured SCADA systems
25. Management of Change
Master Databases
Multiple copies of the SCADA database complete with change-
sets that provide the ability to revert to earlier versions, along
with auditing tools that provide verification of the change
process, will ensure all change follows the defined process
– Reports provide the evidence required to confirm the
actions taken
Change Enforcement
Automatic enforcement when discrepancies are found
between the master and the production system is possible
– However due to the requirement to inform controllers of
any changes made to the system, caution must be used
26. 26
The Evolution of Cloud Computing
Hosted Applications
• Operator Training
• Liquids SCADA
• RWIS
• Weather
Forecasting/Load
Forecasting
• W/W Solar Co.
• Leak Detection
27. Computing Technologies
Continuing Performance Improvements
– 64 Bit Computers/OS
– Solid State Drives
– SQL 2012 (Performance and Analytics)
– Storage Area Networks (SAN’s)
• Readily accessible archived data
– Untethered Keyboard & Mouse
– Circadian Lighting
27
28. Computing Technologies
Virtualization
• Providing innovative new architectures
– Obvious benefits – cost
• Power, deployment, Footprint
– Increased SCADA functionality
• Snapshot, cloning for backup and testing
• SCADA Industry cautiously adopting virtualization
• Testing, Engineering Stations, Decision Support
• Small Systems
28
29. Future SCADA
What was science fiction in the recent past is now
reality. Next generation HMI’s may include:
– LED projected keyboards
– HMI navigation by eye movement
– Control room displays viewed via “google glasses’ to
increase situational awareness
– Laser holograms that display station equipment in
3D
providing the most realistic representation
of remote equipment and related
information as technologically possible
30. Future SCADA
Domestic drones & driverless vehicles for
continuous surveillance
– For third party intrusion and leak detection
along pipelines, right of ways, and other
critical infrastructures
Mobile surveillance units will
likely be configured as a
node in the SCADA system
and provide another form of
input made available in real-
time to SCADA.
31. The Future is Now….
The technological offerings from the future keep on
arriving at a continually faster pace
• SCADA professionals remain current with new and
emerging technology however the industry tends to
take a more conservative approach
– Only adopting technology that aligns with all the drivers
and best practices of each industry
– Economics pressures will not be relenting any time soon,
so cost reduction is always a major factor
• Any technology that has the ability to improve public
safety and protect the environment will find its way
from the future to the present