1. Drug Addiction and Drug Abuse In Teenage
By
SASMITA SAHA
B. Pharm. 6th Sem.
University Roll No :
20101911037
Under the Guidance of
Dr. Sailee Chowdhury
Assistant Professor
BCDA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY & TECHNOLOGY

2. The curse of drug affecting
our youth as well as our
society…
Now a days drug abuse is a complex problem affects
peoples from different ages.

3. The Body’s
Weight: about 3 pounds
Job: Controlling
everything we do
DRUGS CHANGE
THE WAY OUR
BRAIN WORKS…
That’s how you get
addicted

4. What do
drugs do to
the brain?
Drugs are chemicals
that interfere with the
neuron’s communication
Drugs change the
brain — sometimes
permanently

6. Communication ways in brain
Neurotransmitters: The brain’s chemical messengers
Receptors: The brain’s chemical receivers
Transporters: The brain’s chemical recyclers

7. dopamine
the brain’s reward system
It’s like chocolate
for the brain

8. Dopamine Pathways
Functions
•reward (motivation)
•pleasure,euphoria
•motor function
(fine tuning)
•compulsion
•perserveration
•decision making
Serotonin Pathways
Functions
•mood
•memory
processing
•sleep
nucleus
accumbens
hippocampus
striatum
frontal
cortex
substantia
nigra/VTA
raphe

9. affects
our
brain
in 3
main
areas

10. When Reading Emotion…
Adults Rely More on the Frontal Cortex
While Teens Rely More on the Amygdala

11. Drug Addiction
Primary , chronic &
neurobiological disease
with psychological and
genetic factors that
influence its development
& manifestation.
Drug Abuse
Self administration of
drugs, in a manner not
in accord with accepted
social or medical
pattern

12. A. Psychological
Dependency/Habituation
B. Physical Dependency
C. Compulsive Drug Use
D. Tolerence
Drug Addiction & Abuse includes

13. What is Teen Substance Abuse?
 Teens try alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, or other drugs.
 Some try these only for few times & stop. But others
can't control their urges or cravings for them.
Most often They try :-
 Nicotine
 Alcohols
 Hallucinogens
 Over the counter medicines

14. Basic Science Tells Us that Adolescents’
Brains Are Still Developing…

15. Brain Development
• Earlier development of the back of the
brain and later development of the
front of the brain
MRI Scans of Healthy Children and Teens Over Time

16. Drug use starts early & peaks in the teen yearsFirstDrugUse(numberofinitiates)
Infant Teen Adult Older AdultChild
Evidence from survey

18. How does someone get
addicted to drugs?
Because of the extra dopamine,
the brain chemistry changes
The brain stops making
enough of its own dopamine
Without enough dopamine, the
user feels flat, depressed, and
lifeless
The user needs more and more
drugs to feel good
The brain’s changes make the
user need the drug just to feel
normal
even if it’s ruining their life

19. Pushing Factors For Teenagers Towards Drug Use
 Psychological Or Inner
EXCITEMENT
WANT TO FIT WITH CERTAIN FRIENDS
GROUP
TEENAGERS FEELS MORE GROWN UP
FRUSTATION & INADEQUACY
DESIRED FOR INTENSE SENSATION

20. Social
FRIENDS & FAMILY
PROBLEMS
EDUCATION & FAILURE AT SCHOOL
ART MOVIES & CULTURAL
INFORMATION
CURIOSITY & TEMPTATION

23. Hallucinogen
Dried matured leaves
of cannabis plant.
Flowering Tops of
cannabis sativa.
Entire cannabis
plant with variable
portions
Hallucinogen

24. Hallucinogens
Colour
precipitation,
sensation
loss,death.
pupil dialation,
tachycardia,increase
body temperature &
respiration.
Pulse rate
increases.

25. Alcohol
Sedative, hypnotic,
tranquillazer
Has Slowing
effects on CNS
Causes
 Failure of liver
 Gastric pancreatitis
 toxic psychosis
 nerve disorder
 heart diseases.

26.  Problem remembering things, recently said or did.
 Getting drunk on a regular basis.
 Thinking that drug is necessary to have fun.
 Having frequent hangovers.
 Feeling run-down, depressed, or even suicidal.
 Having "blackouts"--forgetting what you did while
drinking.

28. DriveSaliency
Memory
Control
Non-Addicted Brain
NO
GO
Addicted Brain
Drive
Memory
Control
GOSaliency
Why Can’t Addicts Just Quit ?
Because Addiction Changes Brain Circuits

31. ONE WAY TO AVOID DRUG, IS BY SELF AWARENESS, SAY NO TO DRUGS.

33. Treating a Biobehavioral Disorder Must Go
Beyond Just Fixing the Chemistry
Pharmacological
(medications)
We Need to Treat the Whole Person!
Behavioral Therapies
Medical Social Services

34. CB1 Antagonists
Inhibitors of
metabolizing
enzymes
CRF Antagonists
MedicationBasic Research
Agonist Therapy
Methadone
Buprenorphine
Opiate agonists stabilize brain function
in heroin addicts
CB1 KO mice have decreased responses
to multiple drugs of abuse
Smokers who are poor nicotine
metabolizers smoke less
Stress triggers relapse in animal models
of addiction and CRF antagonists
interfere with the response to stress

35.  “The Federation of Indian NGOs for Drug Abuse prevention”
(FINGODAP) , was initiated by Society for Promotion of Youth &
Masses (SPYM), New Delhi on 11th August 1991.
 The national institute of social defence is a nodal institute and activities
and programmes for protection of our society from drug abuse.
 United Nations Office on Drugs and crime (UNODC’s) recently
launched Global study Homicide 2013 on 8 May 2014.

36. Accept life
unconditionally with a
Positive attitude
Recovery and relapse are
just around the
corner.
Choose ONE

37. • Clark, D. B., Kirisci, L., & Tarter, R. E. (1998). Adolescent versus adult onset and
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• Cohen C, Perrault G, Voltz C, Steinberg R, and Soubrie P (2002) SR141716, a
central cannabinoid (CB(1)) receptor antagonist, blocks the motivational and
dopamine-releasing effects of nicotine in rats. Behav Pharmacol 13: 451–463.
• Zobel.A., Nickel, T., Kunzel(2000) . Effects of the high-affinity corticotropin-
releasing hormone receptor 1 antagonist R121919 in major depression: the first
20 patients treated. J Psychiatr, 34 : 171-81.
• Brown, S.A., Tapert, S.F., Granholm, E., & Delis, D.C. (2000). Neurocognitive
functioning of adolescents: Effects of protracted alcohol use. Alcoholism: Clinical
and Experimental Research, 242, 164-171.

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