2. 1. Explain the general characteristics of the circulatory system:
I. Systemic.
II. Pulmonary.
2. State the method of measuring blood pressure.
3. Describe the assessment of central venous pressure and JVP waveforms.
4. State the anatomy of pulmonary circulation.
5. Describe pulmonary blood flow and pulmonary pressure assessment.
6. State the normal range for intracardiac pressure in various chamber.
7. State the physiological adaptation of cardiovascular system during pregnancy
and other disease state.
8. State the other circulatory system :
I. Fetal.
II. Splanchnic portal.
Outcome
3. 1. Also called as (cardiovascular
system) is a network consisting
of blood, blood vessels, lungs
and the heart.
2. This network supplies tissues
in the body with oxygen and
other nutrients, transport
hormones and removes waste
products.
Circulatory System
4. 1. Pulmonary circuit
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
● Exchanges blood between the
heart and lungs for
oxygenation.
2. Systemic circuit
● Distributes blood throughout all
other systems and tissues of
the body.
5. 1. Deoxygenated bloods from systemic circulation return to the right site of the
heart
2. It’s pumped into pulmonary circulation and it’s delivered to the lungs, where
gas exchange occurs.
3. CO2 removed from the blood and replaced with O2.
4. The oxygenated blood now returns to the left side of the heart.
Pulmonary system
6. 1. In the systemic circulation, blood travels out of the left ventricle
to the aorta, to every organ and tissue in the body and then
back to the right atrium.
2. It’s deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body’s cells and picks
up waste materials.
Systemic circulation
7. 1.Blood pressure is the pressure of circulating blood against the
walls of blood vessels.
2.Most of the pressure from the heart pumping blood through the
circulatory systems.
METHODS OF MEASURING BLOOD
PRESSURE
8. 1. Systolic pressure
(Depolarization)
The pressure of the blood in the
arteries when the heart pumps.
2. Diastolic
pressure(Repolarization)
The pressure of the blood in the
arteries when the heart is filling.
9. 1. Non invasive
Using extremity via encircling cuffs
2. Invasive
By inserting a catheter into an artery and
transducing the arterial pressure tracing
12. Blood pressure in the vena cava near the right
atrium.
CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE
13. Manometer system
1. Enables intermittent
reading
Transducer system
1. Enables continuous
reading which are
display in a monitor
Two method CVP monitoring
23. 1. Blood pressure
2. Speed of conduction
3. Accelerated Cardiac Rhythm
4. Redistribution of blood from most active
to less active organs
Physiological responses to stress
CVS
25. The fetal circulation system is distinctly different
from adult circulation.
• Allows the fetus to receive oxygenated
blood and nutrients from the placenta.
• Blood vessels in the placenta contains two
umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein
• Fetal circulation bypasses the lungs via
ductus arteriosus; the liver via the ductus
venosus and blood can travel from the
right atrium to the left atrium via the
foramen ovale.
INTRODUCTION
27. INTRODUCTION
● The blood flow to the abdominal
gastrointestinal organs including the
stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas, small
intestine and large intestine.
● It comprises three major branches of the
abdominal aorta
○ Coeliac artery
○ Superior mesenteric artery (SMA)
○ Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)
● Its normal operation such as
○ Digestion and absorption within the gut
○ Maintenance of the mucosal barrier
○ Healing of surgical anastomosis
