disaster its characteristics and consequences

1. Disaster(part two)
PRESENTED BY
SARJU MAHARJAN
BSN 4TH YEAR
ACAS

2. Objectives
 Characteristics of Disaster
 Consequences of Disaster

3. Characteristics of Disaster
 Predictability
 Frequency
 Controllability
 Time
 Scope and Intensity

4. Consequences of Disaster
1. Health Impact
2. Psychological Impact
3. Social Impact
4. Environmental Impact
5. Economic Impact

5. Health Impact
 Direct Impact
 Loss of lives
 Debilitating injuries like spinal injuries, amputation of limb etc
 Indirect Impact
 Increased rate of Infections
 Complications of chronic disease
 Malnutrition secondary to Famine or Starvation

6. What kinds of communicable disease
Spread?
 Water Related Communicable Disease
 Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI)
 Vector Borne Diseases

7. Water Related Communicable Diseases
 Water resources get contaminated after disasters like Flooding
 Crowding and poor sanitation also contribute to faeco-oral transmission
 Examples:Hepatitis A , E Cholera , Dysentry , Typhoid etc

8. Acute Respiratory Infections
 Major Cause of illness especially for > 5 children
 Risk Factors are crowding , Poor Nutrition, etc
 Lack of Access to health services and to antimicrobial agents can
complicate the situation further.

9. Vector Borne Diseases
 Includes Disease like Malaria , Dengue
 Floods, Cyclones , hurricanes etc affect vector breeding sites and disease
transmission
 Initial flooding may wash out the breeding sites
 But stagnant water for large period of time creates new breeding site

10. Psychological Impact
 Normal Psychological Response ????
 Morbid Psychological Effects on victims are
 Shock and distress
 Feeling of Insecurity
 Post Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD)
 Other conditions(extreme stress, eating and food issues, obsessive –compulsion
,Generalized anxiety)

11. Victims aren’t only
who suffer when disaster hits

12. Psychological effects on first responders
 Responders who were at the scene( police officers , Fire fighters , Medias ,
Rescue Workers and health professionals)
 Haunted by people whom they were unable to save
 May feel guilt that someone’s life or home was destroyed and there
wasn’t.
 PTSD, Acute Stress Disorder (ASD), Anxiety and Depression

13. Economic Impact
• Loss of cash crops
• Loss of buildings , infrastructures
• Loss of tourism
• Loss of cattles
• Loss of important documents

14. Social Impact
 Breakdown of joint Family System
 Educational System Hampered
 No work or employment
 Helpless people , Widow, Old People are worst affected
 Rich and Poor Gap increases

15.  Child Labour Increases
 Orphanage
 Rise of antisocial activities
 Shift to other states as Migrant Labours

16. Cultural Impact
 Lass of cultural heritage
 Obstruction in celebration
 Lifestyle changes
 Discontinuation in cultural activities

17. Environmental Impact
 Deforestation
 Loss of Flora and Fauna
 Water Pollution , Land Pollution
 Salinity of soil increases
 Soil erosion , Landslide
 Drought , Loss of land Resources

18. Thank You!!!