4. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common
endocrine system disorder among women of
reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have enlarged
ovaries that contain small collections of fluid — called
follicles — located in each ovary as seen during an
ultrasound exam.
Definition
5. Definition
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a
common endocrine system disorder among
women of reproductive age. Women with
PCOS may have enlarged ovaries that contain
small collections of fluid — called follicles —
located in each ovary as seen during an
ultrasound exam.
6.
7. introduction
• Definition: polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
is a generic description for a broad spectrum
of clinical and morphological findings in
women with an endocrine dysfunction,
specifically abnormal androgen production
and metabolism.
• PCOS was first identified by Stein and
Leventhal in 1935 so that it can also be known
as Stein – Leventhal Syndrome.
8. What Are the Symptoms of PCOS?
• Irregular or Lack of Menses: Women will have
“spotty” periods (1 every couple of months).
Also, in some women with PCOS they simply
cease having a menses at all.
9. • Hirsutism : Excessive body hair. In women
with PCOS dark, coarse hair will appear on the
face, neck, chest, arms, and in between the
legs.
10. • Weight Problems :
Depending on the woman, there could be a
decrease of weight or a rapid fluctuation of
weight that settles around the stomach that
will lead to morbid obesity.
11. • Acne : Because women with PCOS are
producing more male hormone, that produces
more sebum ( skin oils and old tissue) and
causes blocked pores and more acne around
the jawline, arms and chest.
12. • Alopecia or Female Pattern Baldness :
This is caused by the increase of male
hormone in the women's body. Thinning or
loss of hair is usually contained to top of the
scalp, but in severe cases loss of hair in front
or on the hairline has been documented.
PCOS
13. Other Symptoms
• “Dirty Skin” or Acanthosis Nigricans : This
condition causes light brown to black rough
patches around the neck and under arms.
• Migraines : Severe headaches that cause light
sensitivity, nausea and dizziness.
14. Diagnosis
BBT (basal body temperature)
B ultrasound:
multiple small ovarian cysts
enlarged ovary
Endometrium biopsy(Curettage )
before menses reveal to proliferative glands
Determination of LH,FSH,E2,P,T,PRL，Ins，
(LH:FSH≧3:1)
Laparoscopy
15. TREATMENT:
• Lifestyle modification
- weight loss
- exercise
- avoidance of tobacco
- correction of lipids abnormalities
• Insulin sensitizers
- metformin
- Thiazolidinediones
16. They reduce hyper-insulinaemia
and Improve steroidegenic
dysfunction.
They help regulate the menstrual
cycles, improve ovulation and
achieve better fertility.
17. RECOMMENDATIONS:
• Early recognition of the syndrome
• Lifestyle modifications
• Measurement of glucose (and probably
insulin). An oral OGTT in obese and those
with family history should be considered.
• Detection and treatment of
hyperlipidaemia
18. • Assessing BP and treating hypertension
• Measurement of atherogenic markers (CRP’
fibrinogen, and probably homocystine)
• Consideration of metformin as an initial
preventive therapy particularly in overweight
and obese PCOS patients.
• Thiazolidinediones improve
hyperandrogenism and ovulation but they are
still investigational tools.
19. • What Are the Potential Complications of PCOS?
• Women with PCOS have a higher risk of developing:
• hypertension (high blood pressure)
• high cholesterol
• anxiety and depression
• sleep apnea (when a person stops breathing periodically during sleep)
• endometrial cancer (cancer caused by thickening of the lining of the uterus)
• heart attack
• diabetes
• breast cancer
• If you become pregnant, your doctor may refer you to a physician who specializes in high-risk
pregnancies. Women with PCOS have a higher rate of miscarriage, gestational diabetes, and
premature delivery, and may need extra monitoring during pregnancy.
• The earlier your PCOS is diagnosed and treated, the lower your risk of developing these
complications. Avoiding tobacco products and participating in regular exercise can also reduce your
risk of some of these co-morbidities. Talk with your doctor about what PCOS means for your overall
health and how you can prevent serious complications.
•
20.
21. • Find some pathways atlest one about the
polysictic ovary.?
