Electrical power engineering.

1. Group Members:
Muhammad Farukh
12-EE (P)-52
Muhamamd Waqas
Iqbal
12-EE (P)-68
Saqib Rehman
12-EE (P)-79
Taimoor Ashraf
12-EE (P)-084

2.  Introduction
 Different mechanisms
 Spring coil mechanism
 Roller mechanism
 Rack pinion mechanism
 Different Comparisons
 Merits and Demerit
 Scope and Uses
 Conclusion
 References

3.  A large amount of energy is wasted at the speed
breakers through friction , every time a vehicle passes
over it.
 So electricity can be generated using the vehicle weight
and speed (kinetic energy) as input.
 So, this is a small step to try to improve this situation.

4.  SPRING COIL MECHANISM
 ROLLER MECHANISM
 CRANK-SHAFT MECHANISM
 RACK- PINION MECHANISM

5.  Here we are making the speed breaker of vibrating type,
when a vehicle crosses the speed breaker, it gets pressed
and then it gets back to its original position.
 Dimensions of speed breaker:-
Height : 0.2m
Width : 0.4m
Length : 4m
o The material used in construction of speed breakers is steel.
o The shape of speed breaker is
trapezoidal .

6. • Height: 0.35m
• Length : 4m
• Width :0.45m
• The bottom layer of
the trench is filled
with concrete or with
wooden plates of
0.5m.
•This is for cushion
effect.

7.  The actual height of spring is 0.3m before loading.
 The deflection of the spring is given by
 δ = 64 w *n*N*R^3 /(G^4)
 where
 δ-deflection (in our case maximum δ =0.1m)
 w=designed load
 R= mean diameter of coil
 n=no of spring turns
 G= Modulus of rigidity = 8*10^4 N/m^2
 N= No. of springs
 The no of turns in the spring to get the deflection
of 0.1m is given by
 n= (0.1)G^4/(64 w*N*R^3)

8.  Maximum load on the speed
breaker is when the vehicle
is on the middle of the speed
breaker.
 When the pressure in the
FRL unit exceeds the
defined level the valve
opens and the pressurized
air is given to the nozzle.

9.  The diameter of the inlet
of nozzle must be greater
than outlet.
 Here the pressure energy
is converted to kinetic
energy i.e pressure→high
velocity.
 This high velocity
compressd air when hits
the runner,makes it to
rotate.

10.  It consists of a circular disc
on the periphery of which
have number of buckets
evenly spaced are fixed.
Each bucket is divided in to 2
symmetrical parts by a
dividing wall is know as
splitter.
 When the air strikes the
runner ,it rotates &
continues rotation due to
inertia.

11.  Here roller ,sprocket-chain
arrangement is used.
 Ratio of speed of roller to
dynamo shaft is 1:4.

12.  Sprocket mechanism
 Transfers rotary motion between
two shafts
 Dynamo
 It is the dc generator which is
use to generate current
 Generates current as per the
Faraday’s Law

13. 1
• Speed Breaker Arrangement
2
• Roller Arrangement
3
• Sprocket Drives
4
• Chain Drive
5
• Dynamo shaft
6
• Battery

14.  The various machine elements used in the construction of power
hump are
 RACK-PINION
 SPROCKETS
 GEARS
 FLY WHEEL
 Dynamo

15.  Gear mechanism
 The input gear transfers
rotational motion to the output
gear.
 RACK-PINION
 It coverts linear motion to
rotational and vice versa.

16. Fly wheel
 This is used to regulate the energy and maintain the energy at an
uniform level so that the shaft rotate at an uniform r.p.m
Constructional details

17.  Here the reciprocating motion of the speed-breaker is converted
into rotary motion using the rack and pinion arrangement.
 Rack and pinion gears normally change rotary motion into linear
motion, but sometimes we use them to change linear motion into
rotary motion.
 The axis of the pinion is coupled with the sprocket arrangement.
 The axis of the smaller sprocket is coupled to a gear arrangement.
 Finally the gear arrangement is coupled with the generator

18.  Average Weight of a Vehicle = 700Kg
 Height of speed brake =10 cm
 Work done=Force x Displacement

 W=F.d cos (ϴ) > ϴ= 0°, because force acted in the direction of displacement.
 Force= mass x gravitational force

 Force=700 Kg x 9.81 =6867 N
 Displacement covered by the speed breaker= 10cm /0.10 m
 Output power=Work done/Sec

 Output power= (6867 x 0.10)/60
 Output power= 11.445 Watts
 Power developed for 1 vehicle passing over the speed breaker is 11.445 watts; due
to flywheel it delivers power for one minute continuously. So the Power developed
for:
 1 hr =686.7 watts
 24 hours=16.480 KW

19.  Velocity of moving vehicle is 5.4 Kilometre/hour
 The weight of the load acting is 10 Kg.
 Power (P) = Work Done (W) / Time (T)
 Force= mg = 10 x 9.81 = 98.1N
 Distance(s) = 10 Centimetre = 0.1m
 Time = Distance (d) / Speed(s)
 Speed = 3.7 Km/h
 Time (t) = 1 sec
 Power = 9.81/1 = 9.81 watts
 Power = QV/ t = IV
 Where
 Q = electric charge in coulombs
 t =time in seconds
 I = electric current in amperes
 V= electric potential or voltage in volts
 Voltage Generated = 2v
 Current generated = 2 amps
 Electric Power = 2 x 2 = 4 watts
 Efficiency = Electric Output / Mechanical Input
 = 4/10
 = 40% efficient.

23. Merits Demerits
Pollution free power generation. Selecting suitable generator.
No obstruction to traffic. Selection of springs.
Low Budget electricity
production
Achieving proper balance of
speed and torque.
Easy maintenance It gives low electric output

24.  This mechanism is very economical and easy to
install.
 Two protocols of this type of speed breakers are
developed in India .not practically implemented
till date.
 Practically implemented in New Jersey , China
and Indonesia.
 Lots of researches and investigations are going
on to practically utilize this technique
 By doing proper arrangements we may generate
high power electricity

25.  The existing source of energy such as coal, oil etc
may not be adequate to meet the ever increasing
energy demands. These conventional sources of
energy are also depleting and may be exhausted.
 These are some non-conventional methods of
producing energy. This is a one step to path of
exploring the possibilities of energy from several
non-conventional energy sources.

26.  C. K.Das1,S. M.Hossain2,M. S.Hossan3 "Introducing Speed Breaker as a
Power Generation Unit for Minor Needs"Informatics, Electronics & Vision
(ICIEV), 2013 International Conference on 17-18 May 2013.
 ASWATHAMAN.V,PRIYADHARSHINI.M"EVERY SPEED BREAKER IS NOW A
SOURCE OF POWER",2010 International Conference on Biology,
Environment and Chemistry IPCBEE vol.1 (2011) © (2011) IACSIT Press,
Singapore.
 Alok Kumar Singh,Deepak Singh,Madhawendra Kumar,Vijay
Pandit,Prof.SurendraAgrawal "Generation of Electricity through Speed
Breaker Mechanism"International journal of innovations in Engineering
and Technology(IJIET) volume issue 2 April 2013.
 Parul Bisht,Rajni Rawat,"Electricity Generation through Road Ribs using
law of Electromagnetic Induction" Conference on Advances in
Communication and Control Systems 2013 (CAC2S 2013)

27. THANK YOU