2. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
HAZARD AND RISK:
Hazard
Situation and things
that has potential
to harm a person
Risk
Possibility that harm
might
occur(injury,death)
when exposed to a
hazard in
workplace
3. DEFINITION:
Any chemical, in either gas, liquid or
solid form, that has the potential to
cause harm is referred as Chemical
Hazard.
4. SOURCES:
Liquids such as acids, solvents especially if they do not have
a label
Vapors and fumes
Flammable materials
5. HAZARDS OF ORGANIC
SOLVENT
1} Enviornmental Effect
Spills and leakages of solvents cause significant air, land and
water pollution. Fuel spills that infiltrate the ground can cause
significant contamination of drinking water sources. For
example, one litre of kerosene can contaminate 100 million
litres of drinking water (SEPA); due to their toxic nature, irritant
and carcinogenic properties they often land up as the
contributory cause to many health issues such as headaches,
nausea, dizziness and light-headedness.
Are highly flammable and require special handling and storage
to avoid combustion. The following characteristics of organic
6. A majority of organic solvents are volatile. The greater the
volatility of a solvent the greater the vapor concentration in
the air. Hence, inhalational exposure is an important
exposure pathway to be considered when assessing the
health hazards of the solvents.
2} Health Effect
7. HAZARD CONTROL AND
PREVENTION..
The most effective chemical hazard control is prevention
Establishing an effective chemical control program in
pharmaceutical industry can reduce or eliminate chemical
hazards
8. SUCCESSFUL CHEMICAL CONTROL
PROGRAM SHOULD INCLUDE:
Train employees to follow safe handling and application
procedures for sanitation, maintenance or pesticides
chemicals.
Store chemicals in designated areas away from ingredients,
packaging material or finished products
Make it standard practice for staff, after maintenance, to
properly clean and remove all chemical residues from
contact surfaces.
Do not use excessive grease or lubricants on equipment.
Regularly re-evaluate all procedures to ensure they
effectively remove chemicals.
9. 1)Selection of Gloves: protection against chemical absorbed through
the skin require reference to chemical resistance chart.
2) Chemically resistance safety footwear is required.
-Poorly maintained personal itself can act as a source of chemical
exposure
3) Some chemical handling tasks may require eye protection
depending on the task this may be safety goggle or full face
protection.
4)There is wide range of personal protection equipment for respirators
10. A majority of organic solvents are volatile. The greater the
volatility of a solvent the greater the vapor concentration in
the air. Hence, inhalational exposure is an important
exposure pathway to be considered when assessing the
health hazards of the solvents.
2} Health Effect
