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Building
Reproducible ML
with MLOps and
Metadata
SpeechVision Language
Switchboard
Switchboard
cellular
Meeting
speech
IBM
Switchboard
Broadcast
speech
1993 20172000 2006 2010
5.1%
Switchboard speech
recognition test
96%
RESNET vision test
152 layers
88.5%
SQuAD reading
comprehension test
69.9%
MT research system
2016
Object recognition
Human parity
2017
Speech recognition
Human parity
2018
Machine reading
comprehension
Human parity
2018
Machine translation
Human parity
Microsoft ML breakthroughs
Microsoft 365
ML at Microsoft
Research
But ML is HARD!
Building a model
Building
a model
Data ingestion Data analysis
Data
transformation
Data validation Data splitting
Trainer
Model
validation
Training
at scale
LoggingRoll-out Serving Monitoring
Ok, but, like, I’m
a data scientist. IDGAF
I don’t care
about all that.
Yes You Do!
Cowboys and Ranchers Can Be Friends!
SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist
• Quick iteration
• Frameworks they
understand
• Best of breed tools
• No management
headaches
• Unlimited scale
• Reuse of tooling and
platforms
• Corporate compliance
• Observability
• Uptime
MLOps
MLOps = ML + DEV + OPS
Experiment
Data Acquisition
Business Understanding
Initial Modeling
Develop
Modeling
Operate
Continuous Delivery
Data Feedback Loop
System + Model Monitoring
+ Testing
Continuous Integration
Continuous Deployment
ML
A Pipeline You Say?
Does My Model Actually Work?
SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist
Time to test out
my model…
Laptop The Cloud
Does My Model Actually Work?
SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist
Laptop The Cloud
Looks good to
me! To Production!
What is
happening…
Source Control
Does My Model Actually Work?
SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist
Laptop The Cloud
A Small Example of Issues You Can Have…
• Inappropriate HW/SW stack
• Mismatched driver versions
• Crash looping deployment
• Data/model versioning [Nick Walsh]
• Non-standard images/OS version
• Pre-processing code doesn’t match
production pre-processing
• Production data doesn’t match
training/test data
• Output of the model doesn’t match
application expectations
• Hand-coded heuristics better than model
[Adam Laiacano]
• Model freshness (train on out-of-date
data/input shape changed)
• Test/production statistics/population
shape skew
• Overfitting on training/test data
• Bias introduction (or not tested)
• Over/under HW provisioning
• Latency issues
Or It Just Doesn’t Work!
At All!
• Permissions/certs
• Failure to obey health checks
• Killed production model before roll out
of new/in wrong order
• Thundering herd for new model
• Logging to the wrong location
• Storage for model not allocated
properly/accessible by deployment
tooling
• Route to artifacts not available for
download
• API signature changes not
propagated/expected
• Cross-data center latency
• Expected benefit doesn’t materialize
(e.g. multiple components in the app
change simultaneously)
• Get wrong/no traffic because A/B
config didn’t roll out
• No CI/CD; manual changes untracked
[Jon Peck]
• Get too much traffic too soon (expected to
canary/exponential roll out)
• Outliers not predicted [MikeBSilverman]
• Change was a good change, but didn’t
communicate with the rest of the team (so
you must roll back)
• No dates! (date to measure
impact/improvement against a pre-agreed
measure; date scheduled to assess data
changes) [Mary Branscombe]
• LACK OF DOCUMENTATION!! (the
problem, the testing, the solution, lots more)
[Terry Christiani]
• Successful model causes pain elsewhere in
the organization (e.g. detecting faults
previously missed) [Mark Round]
• Lack of visibility into real-time model
behavior (detecting data drift, live data
distribution vs train data, etc) [Nick Walsh]
Does My Model Actually Work?
SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist
Laptop The Cloud
Source Control
Automated
Validation &
Profiling
Package
For Rollout
Explain Model
& Look for Bias
Clean/
Minimize
Code
Sane
Deployment
Nice. Nice.
✔
But I Can Do All
These Manually…
No.
MLOps is a Platform and a Philosophy
Even if:
• Every data scientist trained...
• And you had all the tools necessary...
• And they all worked together...
• And your SREs understood ML modeling...
• And and and and ...
You’d still need a permanent, repeatable
record of what you did
That’s MLOps!
Does My Model Actually Work?
SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist
Laptop The Cloud
Source Control
Automated
Validation &
Profiling
Package
For Rollout
Explain Model
& Look for Bias
Clean/
Minimize
Code
Sane
Deployment
Nice. Nice.
✔
What goes
here?
Metadata!
Metadata is ...
A contract for the interface of a service
A historical record of the outcome of a process
3. Structured data that allows for (more) reliable
automated workflows
4. And much much more...
Does My Model Actually Work?
SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist
Laptop The Cloud
Source Control
Automated
Validation &
Profiling
Package
For Rollout
Explain Model
& Look for Bias
Clean/
Minimize
Code
Sane
Deployment
Nice. Nice.
✔
Haven’t Convinced
You Yet?
What Did My Customers See?
SRE/ML Engineers
The Cloud
Front End
Model Server
Customer
I’d Like a loan,
please.
Source Control
What Did My Customers See?
SRE/ML Engineers
The Cloud
Front End
Model Server
Customer
No.
Source Control
What Did My Customers See?
SRE/ML Engineers
The Cloud
Front End
Model Server
Customer
Ok, but why?
Source Control
Source Control
What Did My Customers See?
SRE/ML Engineers
The Cloud
Front End
Model Server
Customer
Uh oh.
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
Lawyer
LawyerLawyer
It’s Not Just About Explainability!
• Yes, models are complicated
• But, that’s not enough:
• What data did you train on?
• How did you transform/exclude outliers?
• What are the data statistics?
• Did anything change between code and production?
• What model did you actually serve (to this person)?
• Metadata can help!
What Did My Customers See?
SRE/ML Engineers
The Cloud
Front End
Model Server
Customer
Source Control
Automated
Validation &
Profiling
Package
For Rollout
Explain Model
& Look for Bias
Clean/
Minimize
Code
Sane
Deployment
32c04681d7573
Automated
Validation &
Profiling
Package
For Rollout
Explain Model
& Look for Bias
Clean/
Minimize
Code
Sane
Deployment
What Did My Customers See?
SRE/ML Engineers
The Cloud
Front End
Model Server
Customer
Source Control
Immutable
Metadata Store
b151f8e65b32a c7f4e7607b4b7 0ef1d58921d89 e2e1e994c4251 786c8e57a6d51 9ce88802f0759
32c04681d7573
Automated
Validation &
Profiling
Package
For Rollout
Explain Model
& Look for Bias
Clean/
Minimize
Code
Sane
Deployment
What Did My Customers See?
SRE/ML Engineers
The Cloud
Front End
Model Server
Customer
Source Control
Immutable
Metadata Store
b151f8e65b32a c7f4e7607b4b7 0ef1d58921d89 e2e1e994c4251 786c8e57a6d51 9ce88802f0759
32c04681d7573
Why didn’t I get a
loan?
32c04681d7573
What Did My Customers See?
SRE/ML Engineers
Front End
Model Server
Customer
Immutable
Metadata Store
32c04681d7573
32c04681d7573
Automated
Validation &
Profiling
Package
For Rollout
Explain Model
& Look for Bias
Clean/
Minimize
Code
Sane
Deployment
The Cloud
Source Control
b151f8e65b32a c7f4e7607b4b7 0ef1d58921d89 e2e1e994c4251 786c8e57a6d51 9ce88802f0759
32c04681d7573
Metadata Gives You a Repeatable Record
• What data you trained on
• How you transformed it for training
• What the results of the training were
• What kind of fairness tests you ran
• How those results compared with previous results
• How you rolled it out
• Which version a customer saw
• And, and, and ...
All Automatically!
(Mostly)
Ok, but you can’t
possibly expect me
to use YAML.
Introducing MLSpecLib
A simple, Python-native library for using with schematized objects
• Extends marshmallow (minimum rewriting)
• Comes with some standard schemas in the box
• It started with ML but it works for anything
But wait there’s more!
• Read/write serialized objects natively with Python (using dot
notation and everything) - No YAML! No JSON!
• User friendly, trivially extensible schema language - including
importing from a remote store
• “Lazy” enforcement (at load/save time only)
• Code-gen for the REALLY lazy (like me)
ENOUGH TALK.
GET TO THE DEMO.
Come Help!
me: David Aronchick (aronchick@gmail.com)
twitter: @aronchick
apps: http://mlops-github.com/
mlspec-lib on pypi: https://pypi.org/project/mlspeclib/
mlspec-lib on github: https://github.com/mlspec/mlspec-lib
THANK YOU!

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Rsqrd AI: How to Design a Reliable and Reproducible Pipeline

  • 2. SpeechVision Language Switchboard Switchboard cellular Meeting speech IBM Switchboard Broadcast speech 1993 20172000 2006 2010 5.1% Switchboard speech recognition test 96% RESNET vision test 152 layers 88.5% SQuAD reading comprehension test 69.9% MT research system 2016 Object recognition Human parity 2017 Speech recognition Human parity 2018 Machine reading comprehension Human parity 2018 Machine translation Human parity Microsoft ML breakthroughs
  • 3. Microsoft 365 ML at Microsoft Research
  • 4. But ML is HARD!
  • 6. Building a model Data ingestion Data analysis Data transformation Data validation Data splitting Trainer Model validation Training at scale LoggingRoll-out Serving Monitoring
  • 7. Ok, but, like, I’m a data scientist. IDGAF I don’t care about all that.
  • 9.
  • 10. Cowboys and Ranchers Can Be Friends! SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist • Quick iteration • Frameworks they understand • Best of breed tools • No management headaches • Unlimited scale • Reuse of tooling and platforms • Corporate compliance • Observability • Uptime
  • 11. MLOps
  • 12. MLOps = ML + DEV + OPS Experiment Data Acquisition Business Understanding Initial Modeling Develop Modeling Operate Continuous Delivery Data Feedback Loop System + Model Monitoring + Testing Continuous Integration Continuous Deployment ML
  • 14. Does My Model Actually Work? SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist Time to test out my model… Laptop The Cloud
  • 15. Does My Model Actually Work? SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist Laptop The Cloud Looks good to me! To Production!
  • 16. What is happening… Source Control Does My Model Actually Work? SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist Laptop The Cloud
  • 17. A Small Example of Issues You Can Have… • Inappropriate HW/SW stack • Mismatched driver versions • Crash looping deployment • Data/model versioning [Nick Walsh] • Non-standard images/OS version • Pre-processing code doesn’t match production pre-processing • Production data doesn’t match training/test data • Output of the model doesn’t match application expectations • Hand-coded heuristics better than model [Adam Laiacano] • Model freshness (train on out-of-date data/input shape changed) • Test/production statistics/population shape skew • Overfitting on training/test data • Bias introduction (or not tested) • Over/under HW provisioning • Latency issues Or It Just Doesn’t Work! At All! • Permissions/certs • Failure to obey health checks • Killed production model before roll out of new/in wrong order • Thundering herd for new model • Logging to the wrong location • Storage for model not allocated properly/accessible by deployment tooling • Route to artifacts not available for download • API signature changes not propagated/expected • Cross-data center latency • Expected benefit doesn’t materialize (e.g. multiple components in the app change simultaneously) • Get wrong/no traffic because A/B config didn’t roll out • No CI/CD; manual changes untracked [Jon Peck] • Get too much traffic too soon (expected to canary/exponential roll out) • Outliers not predicted [MikeBSilverman] • Change was a good change, but didn’t communicate with the rest of the team (so you must roll back) • No dates! (date to measure impact/improvement against a pre-agreed measure; date scheduled to assess data changes) [Mary Branscombe] • LACK OF DOCUMENTATION!! (the problem, the testing, the solution, lots more) [Terry Christiani] • Successful model causes pain elsewhere in the organization (e.g. detecting faults previously missed) [Mark Round] • Lack of visibility into real-time model behavior (detecting data drift, live data distribution vs train data, etc) [Nick Walsh]
  • 18. Does My Model Actually Work? SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist Laptop The Cloud Source Control Automated Validation & Profiling Package For Rollout Explain Model & Look for Bias Clean/ Minimize Code Sane Deployment Nice. Nice. ✔
  • 19. But I Can Do All These Manually…
  • 20. No.
  • 21. MLOps is a Platform and a Philosophy Even if: • Every data scientist trained... • And you had all the tools necessary... • And they all worked together... • And your SREs understood ML modeling... • And and and and ... You’d still need a permanent, repeatable record of what you did
  • 23. Does My Model Actually Work? SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist Laptop The Cloud Source Control Automated Validation & Profiling Package For Rollout Explain Model & Look for Bias Clean/ Minimize Code Sane Deployment Nice. Nice. ✔ What goes here?
  • 25. Metadata is ... A contract for the interface of a service A historical record of the outcome of a process 3. Structured data that allows for (more) reliable automated workflows 4. And much much more...
  • 26. Does My Model Actually Work? SRE/ML EngineersData Scientist Laptop The Cloud Source Control Automated Validation & Profiling Package For Rollout Explain Model & Look for Bias Clean/ Minimize Code Sane Deployment Nice. Nice. ✔
  • 28. What Did My Customers See? SRE/ML Engineers The Cloud Front End Model Server Customer I’d Like a loan, please. Source Control
  • 29. What Did My Customers See? SRE/ML Engineers The Cloud Front End Model Server Customer No. Source Control
  • 30. What Did My Customers See? SRE/ML Engineers The Cloud Front End Model Server Customer Ok, but why? Source Control
  • 31. Source Control What Did My Customers See? SRE/ML Engineers The Cloud Front End Model Server Customer Uh oh. Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer LawyerLawyer
  • 32. It’s Not Just About Explainability! • Yes, models are complicated • But, that’s not enough: • What data did you train on? • How did you transform/exclude outliers? • What are the data statistics? • Did anything change between code and production? • What model did you actually serve (to this person)? • Metadata can help!
  • 33. What Did My Customers See? SRE/ML Engineers The Cloud Front End Model Server Customer Source Control Automated Validation & Profiling Package For Rollout Explain Model & Look for Bias Clean/ Minimize Code Sane Deployment
  • 34. 32c04681d7573 Automated Validation & Profiling Package For Rollout Explain Model & Look for Bias Clean/ Minimize Code Sane Deployment What Did My Customers See? SRE/ML Engineers The Cloud Front End Model Server Customer Source Control Immutable Metadata Store b151f8e65b32a c7f4e7607b4b7 0ef1d58921d89 e2e1e994c4251 786c8e57a6d51 9ce88802f0759 32c04681d7573
  • 35. Automated Validation & Profiling Package For Rollout Explain Model & Look for Bias Clean/ Minimize Code Sane Deployment What Did My Customers See? SRE/ML Engineers The Cloud Front End Model Server Customer Source Control Immutable Metadata Store b151f8e65b32a c7f4e7607b4b7 0ef1d58921d89 e2e1e994c4251 786c8e57a6d51 9ce88802f0759 32c04681d7573 Why didn’t I get a loan? 32c04681d7573
  • 36. What Did My Customers See? SRE/ML Engineers Front End Model Server Customer Immutable Metadata Store 32c04681d7573 32c04681d7573 Automated Validation & Profiling Package For Rollout Explain Model & Look for Bias Clean/ Minimize Code Sane Deployment The Cloud Source Control b151f8e65b32a c7f4e7607b4b7 0ef1d58921d89 e2e1e994c4251 786c8e57a6d51 9ce88802f0759 32c04681d7573
  • 37. Metadata Gives You a Repeatable Record • What data you trained on • How you transformed it for training • What the results of the training were • What kind of fairness tests you ran • How those results compared with previous results • How you rolled it out • Which version a customer saw • And, and, and ... All Automatically! (Mostly)
  • 38. Ok, but you can’t possibly expect me to use YAML.
  • 39. Introducing MLSpecLib A simple, Python-native library for using with schematized objects • Extends marshmallow (minimum rewriting) • Comes with some standard schemas in the box • It started with ML but it works for anything But wait there’s more! • Read/write serialized objects natively with Python (using dot notation and everything) - No YAML! No JSON! • User friendly, trivially extensible schema language - including importing from a remote store • “Lazy” enforcement (at load/save time only) • Code-gen for the REALLY lazy (like me)
  • 40. ENOUGH TALK. GET TO THE DEMO.
  • 42. me: David Aronchick (aronchick@gmail.com) twitter: @aronchick apps: http://mlops-github.com/ mlspec-lib on pypi: https://pypi.org/project/mlspeclib/ mlspec-lib on github: https://github.com/mlspec/mlspec-lib THANK YOU!