A short tour through the southern half of South America: Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina.

1. Part II

2. Vocabulary
 altiplano: high plateau

3. Vocabulary
 mestizo: mixed European & Native American
background

4. Vocabulary
 strait: narrow waterway between two pieces
of land

5. Vocabulary
 cash crop: product sold for export

6. Vocabulary
 landlocked: country that doesn’t touch sea
or ocean

7. Vocabulary
 villa: slum areas (favela)

9. Landscape
 Located in the tropics, causing hot
temperatures and heavy rainfall
 Most of Colombia is covered by tropical
rainforest
 The Andes Mountains begin at the
northern edge of the country

10. Economy
 Cash crops: coffee, sugarcane, rice,
cotton

11. Economy
 Illegal Cash Crop: Cocaine
 Drug dealers pay farmers more to
grow coca leaves than they can earn
growing coffee.
 Dealers have formed their own armies
to protect the farms and to prevent the
government from stopping them.

12. Coca Leaves

13. Colombia’s Cocaine
TownsDrug Trafficking in Submarines (1:52)

14. Bruce Lee 1973 Billy Mays 2009
Chris Farley 1997

15. Brittany Murphy 2009 Elvis Presley 1977
Jimi Hendrix 1970

16. River Phoenix 1993
Marilyn Monroe 1962 Michael Jackson 2009
Heath Ledger 2008

17. People & Culture
 Official language: Spanish
 Nearly all Colombians are mestizos
 Large urban population

19. Uruguay
 Mild climate, rolling hilly plains, and rich
grasslands
 Buffer zone between Argentina and Brazil
 Economy depends on sheep and cattle –
which outnumber people 10 to 1
 70% of Uruguay is pasture-land
 Uruguayans have the highest literacy rate,
the lowest population growth, the best diet
and one of the highest standards of living
in South America.
Montevideo

21. Paraguay
 Eastern 1/3 is fertile grasslands
 Western 2/3 is the great forest of Gran
Chaco
 Major economic activities = farming and
forestry
 Grains, cotton, soybeans, and cassava (for
tapioca) grown on small plots
 Languages = Spanish (official) and
Guarani (more common)

23.  Paraguay also exports electricity - the world’s
largest hydroelectric power generator is the
Iatipu Dam, on the Paraná River
 Hydroelectric power: electricity generated by
flowing water
 Itaipu Dam :39

26. Chile Landscape
 Atacama Desert: driest desert in the world
 Formed by the Andes Mountains due to
the rain shadow effect
 Cooking in the Atacama 3:26

27. The Hand of the Desert

28. Chile Landscape
 Cape Horn is the Southern most point of
South America. It is approximately 500
miles to the islands off the coast of
Antarctica.

29. Chile Landscape
 Easter Island: located in the Pacific
Ocean, and is a territory of Chile
 Known for the 887 massive statues

30. Easter Island

31. Easter Island

34. Chile’s People
Most Chileans are mestizos
Major economic activity is
mining
August 5, 2010: 33 Chilean
miners were trapped
underground for 69 days

36. Bolivia’s Land
Western Bolivia is dominated
by the altiplano
Over 1/3 of Bolivia is a mile or
more high
 Effects: very few trees, cold
temperatures, hard to breathe

38. Salar de Uyuni

40.  Formed by transformations between
a few prehistoric lakes.
 The salt is a few meters thick and is
very flat.
 It only varies a few meters over the
entire area.
 Under the salt layer it contains 50-
70% of the world’s lithium supply.

41. Salar de Uyuni

42. Salar de Uyuni

43. Bolivia’s Culture
 It is 1 of 10 countries in the world that
have 2 capital cities.
 Official capital is Sucre.
 Administrative capital is La Paz.
 Bolivia and Paraguay are the only
landlocked countries in South
America.

44. La Paz, Bolivia

46. Argentina’s Land
 Andes Mountains are along the Western
side of Argentina
 Aconcagua: 22,834 ft.
○ Highest mountain in the Western Hemisphere

47. Argentina’s Land
 Iguazu Falls is located on the border
between Brazil and Argentina.
 They are a group of 275 separate
waterfalls of South America's Iguazú
River.
 Fly Over Iguazu Falls! (1:53)

48. Iguazu Falls

50. Argentina’s Land
The vast treeless, grassy
plain located in the North is
the pampas.
It is similar to the Great
Plains in the U.S.
Many people farm and raise
livestock there.

52. Argentina’s Land
 Patagonia is a unique place located at the
southern tip.
 Region is split between Argentina & Chile
 Much of the area is dry and windy, receiving
very little rain.
 Very southern part is covered by an ice cap.
 Perito Moreno Glacier is the largest glacier
 This glacier is 3 miles wide and about 240 feet
tall with about 558 feet below sea level.
 This ice field is the world's third largest
reserve of fresh water.

53. Perito Moreno

56. Patagonian Glacier Walk (2:00)

57. Argentina’s Land
 Tierra del Fuego: an archipelago off the
southernmost tip of South America.
 It is divided between Argentina & Chile.
 Strait of Magellan separates it from the
mainland.
 Strait of Magellan (2:15)

59. Argentina’s Culture
 Spanish is the official language.
 Most citizens are Roman Catholic.
 Official national sport is pato, but the
most popular is futbol.
 Pato is the Spanish name for duck,
because in early times they used a live
duck in the basket instead of a ball.

60. Pato

61. Pato

62. Villa 31 in Buenos Aires
• Many people live outside of the big cities in villas
(In Brazil they are called favelas)
• One large villa just outside Buenos Aires is called
Villa 31.
• It is known for high crime.

64. Any
Questions?