2. What is Foreign Policy?
“The foreign policy is establishment and
development of relations with other
countries in order to protect the national
interest by taking appropriate steps at
International level.”
3. According to Quaid-e-Azam;
“Our Foreign Policy is one of friendliness and
goodwill towards all the nation of the world. We
don’t cherish aggressive design against any nation
or country. We believe in principle of honest and
fair play in nation and international design and are
prepared to make our utmost contribution to
promotion of peace and prosperity among the
nation of the world. Pakistan will never be found
lacking in extending its material and moral support
to the oppressed and suppressed people of the
world and in upholding the principle of the UN
charter.
4. Objectives:
• Develop a friendly relationship.
• Safeguard National Security and Geo-Strategic
Interest.
• Economic development.
• Defense of Ideological frontiers.
• Preservation of Political Independence.
• Utilization of Natural Resources.
• Control of Terrorism.
• Nuclear policy.
5. Basic Principle:
• Peaceful Co-existence.
• Unity among Muslim World.
• Non-Alignment
• International and Regional Corporation.
• United Nation Charter.
• Non-Interference in Internal affair.
• Non-Aggressive and Deweaponisation
6. Importance:
• Second Largest Muslim Country.
• Only Nuclear Power Muslim country.
• Geostrategic Location.
• 45th Largest GDP.
• 25th Largest Purchasing Power.
• Defense Budget $6.98 Billion.
• Role in International Politics.
8. Relationship with China
– Initiated in 1950.
– Since 1962 two countries have regularly exchanged high-level
visits resulting in a variety of agreement
– The PRC has provided economic, military and technical
assistance to Pakistan and each consider the other a close
strategic ally.
– Bilateral relations: An initial Chinese policy of neutrality to a
partnership that links a smaller but militarily powerful Pakistan.
a. Diplomatic relations were established in 1950.
b. Military assistance began in 1966
c. A strategic alliance was formed in 1972 and
d. Economic co-operation began in 1979.
9. More about China Relationship
Chinese has become Pakistan’s largest supplier of arms and its third-largest trading
partner.
Recently, both nations have decided to co-operate in improving Pakistan’s
civilian nuclear program.
China supports Pakistan’s opposition to the Soviet Union's intervention in
Afghanistan and is perceived by Pakistan as a regional counterweight to NATO and
the US.
China supports Pakistan’s stance on Kashmir while Pakistan supports China on the
issues of Xinjiang, Tibet, and Taiwan
Chinese co-operation with Pakistan has reached economic high points, with
substantial Chinese investment in Pakistani
Infrastructural expansion including the Pakistani deep Water-port at Gwader.
Both countries have an ongoing free trade agreement.
Pakistan has served as China’s main bridge between Muslim countries.
Pakistan also played an important role in bridging the communication gap b/w
China and the West by facilitating the 1972 Nixon visit to China.
10. Relationship with India
Pakistan foreign policy is mainly guided by relationship with
India.
a. India happen to be our door enemy.
b. Most of our budget spend in defense due India, to keep an
equilibrium in the region.
Pakistan’s relations with India are source of concern and conflict
in the region, specially since the two countries have gone
nuclear recently.
After the dissolution of the British Raj in 1947, two new
sovereign nations were:
a. India emerged as secular nation with Hindu Majority population
and a large Muslims minority while
b. Pakistan was established as an Islamic Republic with a
overwhelming Muslim majority population.
c. Kashmir dispute and numerous military conflict fought b/w the
two nations.
Soon after their independence, India and Pakistan established
diplomatic relations, but the violent partition and numerous
territorial disputes would overshadow their relationship
11. Kashmir Conflict
o India and Pakistan have fought at least 3 war over Kashmir.
o Indo-Pakistani Wars of 1947,1965 and 1999
o Main reason for the dispute over Kashmir is water. Kashmir is the origin
point for many rivers and tributaries of the Indus River basin.
o The river tributaries are the Jhelum and Chenab rivers, which primarily
flow into Pakistan while other branches, the Ravi, Beas, and the Sutlej
irrigate
northern India
o And also as majority of the population is Muslim so Pakistan claims there
right to govern Kashmir.
12. Relationship with Afghanistan
– Afghanistan-Pakistan relations initiated in August 1947.
– Like India, relationship with Afghanistan, have always been troublesome.
a. During the days of communist Soviet Union, the Afghan government had bitter
attitude towards Pakistan.
b. Pakistani visitors were harassed and tracked inside Afghan.
Despite being a Muslim country, Afghanistan was the only country which didn’t
recognized Pakistan.
Pakistan shares a long and poorly marked boarder;
The problem is close relations b/w the fiercely-independent Pashtun peoples who live
on both side of the boarder.
13. Relationship with Iran
– Iran was the first nation to recognize Pakistan.
• People has close geopolitical and cultural linkage with Iran.
– Few issues sometimes strains the relationship.
• Pakistan is more closer to Saudi Arabia and KSA have religious conflict with
Iran as Iran is country with Shia majority.
• Pakistan and Iran supported opposing factions in the Afghan conflicts.
– Pakistan pursues an active diplomatic relationship with Iran.
• Pakistan also supports Iran’s use of Nuclear Technology for peaceful purposes.
• In 2006, Pakistan, Iran and India agreed to start work on IPI gas line.
