This presentation is regarding the artificial means to remove the collective thirst for water from our Globe.

2. Guided By,
K .A Ouseph
(Professor in charge)
Presented By,
Sahla P.I
S7 CE
Roll No:51

3. Why not the “Natural Water”?
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4. “Our Globe possess more Water than
land!!”
(Source: http//www.animatedgif.net/earthglobe/earthglobe8.shtml)
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5. •INTRODUCTION
•USE & COST OF DESALINATION
•DESALINATION PROCESS
•MAJOR DESALINATION METHODS
• REVERSE OSMOSIS
• SEAWATER GREENHOUSE
CONTENTS
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6. CONTENTS
• CASE STUDY: HBT RO PLANT: QATAR
• GLOBAL CONTEXT
• OASIS GENERATION PROGRAMME
• SEAWATER TO FRESHWATER BY RO:
(VIDEO CLIP)
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCE 5

7. INTRODUCTION
•DESALINATION : Saline water to fresh water
•It has both merits and demerits
•Positive side : Solves water scarcity issues
•Negative sides includes:
• High cost
• High energy required
• Environmental impact 6

8. INTRODUCTION(Contd.)
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•Regional Study of World Bank :
•Improve awareness on desalination.
•Concluded :
•Improper implementation leads to failure.
•Desalination could be made:
•Less costly
•Energy efficient
•Ecofriendly

9. •USES OF DESALINATED WATER
•Drinking water
•Domestic uses
•Industrial uses
•Agricultural use
•“THERE ARE COUNTRIES THAT HAS TO PAY MORE FOR
WATER THAN OIL”
• Example: Middle east countries
• Costly
USE & COST OF DESALINATION
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10. DESALINATION PROCESS
Desalination Process
(Source:www.canadianclear.com)
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11. MAJOR DESALINATION METHODS
• REVERSE OSMOSIS
• SEAWATER GREENHOUSE
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12. REVERSE OSMOSIS
• Semi permeable membrane
• Osmosis: lower to higher concentration
through membrane
• To dilute the higher concentrated
solution
• In RO, water flow from higher to lower
concentrated side
• Low salt
• More water 11

13. 0
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2
3
4
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OSMOSIS REVERSE
OSMOSIS
WATER ON HIGHER
COCENTRATION SIDE
WATER ON LOWER
CONCENTRATION SIDE
Difference between Osmosis & Reverse Osmosis
REVERSE OSMOSIS(Contd.)
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14. • Helps in growth of crops
• Cools air flows through the house.
• Sunlight enter the house by special roof
• Provides humidity and moisture
• Air passes through the exit wall
and gets condensed
SEAWATER GREEN HOUSE
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15. SEAWATER GREENHOUSE(Contd.)
Seawater greenhouse
(Source: www.seawatergreenhouse.com)
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16. CASE STUDY: HBT RO PLANT:QATAR
• HOWTAT BANI TAMIM RO PLANT,QATAR
• Aeration & Sedimentation
• Followed by Cooling towers ,Storage tanks & Sand filters
• Filtered water stored in RO building
• 16 Evaporation tanks are used to dispose:
• Rejected water:RO units
• Sludge: Sedimentation tanks
• Wash water: Filters 15

17. CASE STUDY: HBT RO PLANT:QATAR(Contd.)
Schematic diagram of HBT plant
(Source: http://inpressco.com/category/ijce)
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18. • Concluded:
• Avg Raw water flow : 29975 cu m/day
• Avg TDS: 2000 mg/lit
• High iron concentration :(4-7) mg/lit
• Average daily product water flow :26282 cu m /day
CASE STUDY: HBT RO PLANT:QATAR(Contd.)
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19. Desalination Plants & their Output
(Source:www.hitachizosen.co.jp)
GLOBAL CONTEXT
•Current global capacity : more than 15,000 desalination plants
•Number of People consuming desalinated water are likely to rise
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20. DUBAI
•Reverse Osmosis system
INDIA
AUSTRALIA
• Powered by wave energy
• RO system
Garden Island Desalination Plant, Australia
(Source: www.carnegiewave.com)
Minjur Desalination Plant neaChennai, India
(Source: www.ivrcl.com)
The Jebel Ali plant in Dubai
(Source: forums.canadiancintinent.net)
•Uses Distillation Process
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21. IS IT POSSIBLE TO TURN OUR DESERTS GREEN???
OASIS GENERATION PROGRAMME :
•An upcoming project
•Oasis: Isolated area of vegetation in desert
surrounded by a spring /water resources
•Critical importance :trade & transportation in deserts
•Caravans travel via oases
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22. • Aim :Integrated large scale production of freshwater,
energy, biomass and ecosystem
• Simple Inputs : Nutrients, sunlight and seawater
• Work under sunny and arid conditions
• Integration of technologies: Seawater Greenhouse, Solar
Power & the extraction of seawater energy
OASIS GENERATION PROGRAMME:
THE GREEN DESERT TOWER
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The Green Desert Tower
(Source: Chris-studio.blogspot.in)

23. SEAWATER TO FRESHWATER BY RO
(Source: http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=1xcGmv25rxM)
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24. CONCLUSION
•Artificial solution & has both positive & negative phases
•Controversies existed until a decade ago
•Global warming turned landscapes into near deserts
•Expanding population: intense pressure on existing fresh water supplies
•Case study of HBT Plant: RO Process is less energy intensive method
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25. CONCLUSION
•WORLD BANK’S RECENT REGIONAL STUDY CONCLUDED
THAT:
By Proper planning, technologies & implementation, Desalination
could be made:
Less costly
Energy efficient
Ecofriendly
“Desalination is the most expedient way to satisfy
our collective thirst.”
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26. • K.H Khalil, Farouk M.W and Abdul aziz M.E (2015)“Operational Performance and
Monitoring of a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant: A Case Study”
• Norouz S (2015), “Suggested Strategies in Water Treatment by Using Situ Pressure
in Reverse Osmosis”, Journal of Geology, pp 367-373
• R Calvo,S Castro, G.A Osorio,G Lopez & Calvo (2014), “Novel Membrane
Materials for Reverse Osmosis Desalination”,Hydrology Current
• Copeland & Lytle (2014), “Measuring the oxidation–reduction potential of
important oxidants in drinking water”
REFERENCE
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27. • Stover (2014), “a New Process for High-Recovery, Low-Energy RO Treatment”,
Journal AWWA, pp 74-77
• Shenoy, Abhita, Fathima,Jagadish & Rajalakshmi (2014), “Optimization of Pre-
Treatment Process in Sea Water Reverse Osmosis Plant”,Journal of Innovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. Vol. 3, Issue 7, pp 14733-14740.
• International Journal of Environment and Sustainability ISSN 1927‐9566 | Vol. 1
No. 3, pp. 22‐37 (2012).
REFERENCE
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28. THANK YOU

29. QUESTIONS?!