John Girard's keynote talk at KM Singapore "Big Data: Friend, Phantom or Foe?" Asking and answering some of the tough questions leaders have about Big Data.

1. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
1
John
P.
Girard,
Ph.D.
h�ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QL1dQuK5Wsg

2. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
2
Big
Data
in
your
organiza�on?
Leaders
in
my
organiza�on
are
_________
Big
Data.
B.
interested
in
C.
bored
with
D.
confused
about
A.
excited
about
Some
History
Many
leaders
were
(are)
very
skep�cal
about
the
real
value
of
KM

3. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
3
Big
Data
=
KM
by
another
name?
Big
Data
is
Everywhere

4. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
4
Is
Big
Data
New?
www.google.com/trends/
Teradata, 1991
(Osco Drug)
www.�nyurl.com/GirardBD
Prairie
Business
Magazine,
7(1)
-­‐
2008
Is
data
mining
synonymous
with
Big
Data?
No.
Big
Data
is
the
data
set
(or
asset).
Data
mining
is
the
process
(or
handler).

5. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
5
Big
Data
=
KM
by
another
name?
The
History
of
Big
Data
Informa�on
Overload
Informa�on
overload
occurs
when
the
amount
of
input
to
a
system
exceeds
its
processing
capacity.
(Speier
et
al,
1999)
Informa�on
Overload
Informa�on
overload
is
that
state
in
which
available,
and
poten�ally
useful,
informa�on
is
a
hindrance
rather
than
a
help.
(Bawden,
2001)
Personal
Informa�on
Overload
A
percep�on
on
the
part
of
the
individual
(or
observers
of
that
person)
that
the
flow
of
informa�on
associated
with
work
tasks
is
greater
than
can
be
managed
effec�vely.
(Wilson,
2001)
Organiza�onal
Informa�on
Overload
A
situa�on
in
which
the
extent
of
perceived
informa�on
overload
is
sufficiently
widespread
within
an
organiza�on
as
to
reduce
the
overall
effec�veness
of
management
opera�ons.
(Wilson,
2001)

6. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
6
Overload
is
not
new!
The
Roman
Philosopher
Seneca
worried
about
informa�on
overload
nearly
2,000
years
before
it
was
cool.
“What
is
the
point
of
having
countless
books
and
libraries
whose
�tles
the
owner
could
scarcely
read
through
in
a
whole
life�me?”
he
wondered.
Michael
Grunwald
@MikeGrunwald
Aug.
28,
2014
The
History
of
Big
Data
2/3
of
managers
complained
of
Informa�on
overload
(KPMG,
2000)
38%
of
the
surveyed
managers
waste
a
substan�al
amount
of
�me
loca�ng
informa�on
(Wilson,
2001)
Managers
“dwell
on
informa�on
that
is
entertaining
but
not
informa�ve,
or
easily
available
but
not
of
high
quality”
(Linden,
2001)
43%
of
the
managers
delayed
decisions
because
of
too
much
informa�on.
(Wilson,
2001)
The
total
accumulated
codified
database
of
the
world,
which
includes
all
books
and
all
electronic
files,
doubles
every
seven
years
and
some
predict
this
will
double
twice
a
day
by
2010
(Bon�s,
2000).
What
we
knew
a
decade
ago:

7. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
7
Exhibit
at
NAFA
School
of
Art
&
Design
KM
1.0
(According
to
John)
Knowledge
Information
Data
Data to
Information
Context
Categorize
Calculate
Correct
Condense
Information to
Knowledge
Compare
Consequences
Connects
Conversation

8. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
8
KM
2.0
Ikujiro Nonaka
Sociali
zation Externa
lization
Interna
lization
Comb
ination
TACIT
EXPLICIT
EXPLICIT
TACIT
Seek
Wisdom
Seek
wisdom,
not
knowledge.
Knowledge
is
of
the
past,
wisdom
is
of
the
future.
~
Lumbee
Proverb
The
Lumbee
Tribe
of
North
Carolina
is
a
state
recognized
tribe
of
approximately
55,000
enrolled
members,
most
of
them
living
in
Robeson
and
the
adjacent
counties
in
southeastern
North
Carolina.

9. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
9
The
Cogni�ve
Hierarchy
10
Years
Knowledge
Information
Data
Ackoff’s Apex
Wisdom
Understanding
Knowledge
Seek
Wisdom
not
Knowledge
(KM
2.5?)
Big
Data
–
Some
Defini�ons
A
term
coined
to
reflect
very
large
and
very
complex
data
sets.
(Sultanow
&
Chircu,
2015)
Big
data
is
a
term
for
any
collec�on
of
large
and
complex
data
sets
that
it
becomes
difficult
to
process.
(Gordon,
2015)
Data
set
that
is
beyond
the
capacity
of
rela�onal
database
applica�ons.
(Joseph,
2015)
Term
for
a
collec�on
of
large
and
complex
data
sets
that
it
becomes
difficult
to
process
with
tradi�onal
tools.
(Klepac
&
Berg,
2015)
Large
Complex
Dif�icult
Strategic
Data-­‐based
Wisdom
in
the
Big
Data
Era

10. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
10
Complex:
A
Defini�on
Large
Complex
Dif�icult
“a
group
of
obviously
related
units
of
which
the
degree
and
nature
of
the
rela�onship
is
imperfectly
known”
An
early
example
of
Big
Data
(KM
3.0)
Knowledge
Information
Data
Wisdom
Understanding
Knowledge
KnowledgeCreation
“With 3,600 stores in the United States and
roughly 100 million customers walking
through the doors each week, Wal-Mart has
access to information about a broad slice of
America . . . The data are gathered item by
item at the checkout aisle, then recorded,
mapped and updated by store, by state, by
region . . . By its own account Wal-Mart has
460 terabytes of data.”
14 November 2004
Hurricane

11. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
11
A
more
recent
example
www.youtube.com/watch?v=SiFPjUTw_qM
Big
Data
Can
Provide
Decision
Support
Slamtracker's
Keys
to
the
Match
mines
over
8
years
of
Grand
Slam
Tennis
data
(~41
million
data
points)
to
determine
pa�erns
and
style.
Prior
to
each
match,
the
system
runs
an
analysis
of
both
compe�tors’
to
determine
what
the
data
indicates
each
player
must
do
to
do
well
in
the
match.

12. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
12
An
Example
Big
Data
What
do
we
know
about
Big
Data?

13. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
13
Big
Data
is
Global
and
Mul�disciplinary
www.google.com/trends/
Big
Data
is
NOT
just
technology
www.google.com/trends/

14. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
14
The
newest
technology
www.youtube.com/watch?v=qSJm3nIicK4
The
right
technology
Branson’s
secret
weapon
is
carrying
an
old-­‐fashioned
notebook
with
him
everywhere
he
goes.

15. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
15
Google
Flu
Trends
www.youtube.com/watch?v=6111nS66Dpk
Did
Google
get
is
wrong?

16. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
16
Gartner
Hype
Cycle
for
Emerging
Technologies
www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3114217
www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2819918
Big
Data
is
no
longer
there!
Data
Conerns
www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/mar/18/twi�er-­‐puts-­‐trillions-­‐tweets-­‐for-­‐sale-­‐data-­‐miners

17. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
17
The
Size
of
Big
Data
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B27SpLOOhWw
http://www.computerworlduk.com/news/infrastructure/3433595/boeing-­‐787s-­‐create-­‐half-­‐terabyte-­‐of-­‐data-­‐per-­‐�light-­‐says-­‐virgin-­‐atlantic/
Decide
later
…

18. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
18
The
History
of
Big
Data
2/3
of
managers
complained
of
Informa�on
overload
(KPMG,
2000)
38%
of
the
surveyed
managers
waste
a
substan�al
amount
of
�me
loca�ng
informa�on
(Wilson,
2001)
Managers
“dwell
on
informa�on
that
is
entertaining
but
not
informa�ve,
or
easily
available
but
not
of
high
quality”
(Linden,
2001)
43%
of
the
managers
delayed
decisions
because
of
too
much
informa�on.
(Wilson,
2001)
The
total
accumulated
codified
database
of
the
world,
which
includes
all
books
and
all
electronic
files,
doubles
every
seven
years
and
some
predict
this
will
double
twice
a
day
by
2010
(Bon�s,
2000).
What
we
knew
a
decade
ago:
Michael
Jordan
on
the
“Delusions”
of
Big
Data
http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/arti�icial-­‐intelligence/machinelearning-­‐maestro-­‐michael-­‐jordan-­‐on-­‐the-­‐
delusions-­‐of-­‐big-­‐data-­‐and-­‐other-­‐huge-­‐engineering-­‐efforts
When
you
have
large
amounts
of
data,
your
appe�te
for
hypotheses
tends
to
get
even
larger.
And
if
it’s
growing
faster
than
the
sta�s�cal
strength
of
the
data,
then
many
of
your
inferences
are
likely
to
be
false.
They
are
likely
to
be
white
noise.

19. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
19
"More
data
increases
our
confidence,
not
our
accuracy"
Image
Credit:
Kris
Krug
h�p://www.kriskrug.com
h�p://www.tylervigen.com/

20. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
20
h�p://www.tylervigen.com/
h�p://www.tylervigen.com/

21. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
21
What
did
happen?
h�ps://www.linkedin.com/pulse/whatever-­‐happened-­‐knowledge-­‐management-­‐tom-­‐davenport
What
did
happen?
h�ps://www.linkedin.com/pulse/whatever-­‐happened-­‐knowledge-­‐management-­‐tom-­‐davenport
KM never incorporated knowledge derived from
data and analytics. I tried to get my knowledge
management friends to incorporate analytical
insights into their worlds, but most had an antipathy
to that topic. It seems that in this world you either
like text or you like numbers, and few people like
both. I shifted into focusing on analytics and
Big Data, but few of the KM crowd joined me.

22. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
22
The
Future
…
The
Marketer’s
task
is
to
help
the
CEO/COO
see
…

23. www.johngirard.net
john@johngirard.net
23
John
P.
Girard,
Ph.D.