Renaissance

1. CHARACTERISTICS OF
RENAISSANCE
PRESENTED BY:
SADAF ZAMIR ARCH15-21
RIMSHA ARIF ARCH15-20
WAJEEHA ILYAS ARCH15-37
MEMOONA FATIMA ARCH15-15
AYESHA AMJAD ARCH15-6
PRESENTED TO: M’AM SANA BARKAAT
DATE: 25.5.16

2.  Renaissance of European period
 The word Renaissance, literally meaning "Rebirth" in French
 The Renaissance is a period in Europe, from the 14th to the 17th century,
 Used as the cultural bridge between the middle Ages and modern history.
 It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to
the rest of Europe, marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age.
 Beginning of new thinking:
 Rediscovery of classical Greek philosophy that said “ man is the measure of all
all things”
 As a cultural movement, the development of linear perspective and other
techniques of rendering a more natural reality in painting
 Gradual but widespread educational reform.
 In politics, the Renaissance contributed to the development of the customs and
conventions of diplomacy,
 And in science to an increased reliance on observation and inductive reasoning.

3. ORIGIN:
 The Renaissance had their origin in late 13th century Florence, in particular
with the writings of Dante Alighieri (1265–1321) and Francesco Petrarca.
• Several theories have been put forward to explain its origins.
THEORY 1: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL STRUCTURE IN ITALY:
• Staring and expanding of unique political structure in late middle ages
Italy
• Strong unusual social communication
• Merging of small areas into several big areas especially the ones under
ruins of Roman Empire.
THEORY 2:
• Devastation caused by black death plague
• Change in thinking of people about life
• MONEY NEEDED TO START THE CHANGE:
• During the Renaissance, money and art went hand in hand..
• Wealth was brought to Italy in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries by
expanding trade into Asia and Europe.
• Silver mining in Tyrol increased the flow of money
• Jules Michelet defined the 16th-century Renaissance in France as a
period in Europe's cultural history that represented a break from the middle
Ages.

4. RELIGION
 Humanism was central characteristic of the renaissance.
 People increasingly began to see the world form human centered
perspective.
 Powerful impact on religion. People were paying more attention to this
life rather than afterlife. It was a period of great prosperity for the
Catholic Church.
 Humanism brought about the spirit of spektism.
 Through out the Dark ages, Roman Catholic Church had a stranglehold
on which doctrines were accepted. It was a period of great prosperity for
the Catholic Church.
 New theories were of course seen as radical and revolutionary in a
religious perspective.
 Religion had an important role in people’s lives and the church had until
then been the authoritative source of information about heaven and
earth.

5. Major changes in religion
 Luther posted his famous 95 Theses (statements for debate) on the door of a
church at Wittenberg in 1517, leading eventually to the Reformation and the
emergence of the Protestant Church. The printing technology developed in this
German city enabled Luther's idea to spread throughout Europe and influence
people to join his cause, or to violently oppose it. Erasmus of Rotterdam was
one of Luther's famous supporters during this period of major religious conflict.
 Throughout the Renaissance period, rulers of each country or region continued
to determine what would be the dominant church, and its citizens were required
to obey. By the middle of the 16th century, western Europe was split between
Catholics and Protestants, and each side was ready to fight to prove their view of
Christianity was the right one.

6. Renaissance Art
What did it represent?
• Art that showed joy in human beauty and life’s pleasures.
• Renaissance art is more lifelike than in the art of the Middle Ages
• Renaissance artists studied perspective, or the differences in the way things
look when they are close to something or far away.
• As a result, their paintings seem to have depth.

7.  Artists became celebrities
 Patrons word was used first time which means financed and
protected artists
 Patrons commissioned artwork and decided the themes
Notable features
Characteristics of Renaissance art
• Classism
• Emphasis on human figure
• Light and shade
• Realism and expression

8. Famous works of famous artists
Birth of Venus by Botticelli
Ceiling of Sistine chapel by Michelangelo
Mona Lisa by
Leanardo Da Vinci
Arnolfini
portrait
By Van
Eyck Bachus and
Ariadne by Titian

9. Renaissance Science
 One of the most important
inventions of the Renaissance period is the printing press which
marked a paradigm shift in education and literature.
 During the Renaissance, there were many new inventions and
discoveries made, which changed the way people worked or
looked at things.
 Some of the everyday things that we use today are Renaissance
inventions and technology.
 Renaissance inventions and inventors were truly revolutionary
and unique and the world is what it is today, due to these
inventions made at that period.

10. Famous inventions and inventors
 1300 first mechanical clock.
 1366 Invention of scales for weighing.
 1420 Oil painting was invented
 1456 Invention of the Printing press by Gutenberg.
 1485 Leonardo da Vinci designed the first
 parachute.
 1510 Pocket watch invented by Peter Henlein.
 1593 Galileo Galilei invented the water
 thermometer
 1620 The first submarine was invented by Cornelis
 Drebbel
 1656 The pendulum clock was invented by
 Christian Huygens
 1670 Champagne was invented by Dom Perignon
 1671 The first calculating machine invented by
 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

11. Music: • Music was an essential part of civic,
religious, and courtly life in the
Renaissance.
• The rich interchange of ideas in
Europe, as well as political, economic,
and religious events in the 1400–1600
led to major changes in styles of
music,
composing methods of
disseminating music, new musical
genres and the development of
musical instruments.
• The most important music was
composed for use by the church—
polyphonic masses for important
churches and court chapels.
• Sources of income: the Catholic
Church, Protestant churches and
courts, wealthy amateurs, and music
printing.
The Duet, by Dutch painter Cornelis Saftleven
The lute player, painted by Caravaggio

12. • The early 15th century was dominated by English and then Northern
European composers.
•The Burgundian court attracted composers and musicians from all over
Europe.
•The most important of these was
Guillaume Du Fay (1397–1474), whose varied musical offerings included
motets and masses for church and chapel services and based on the plain
chant
•Influenced by art, classical mythology and
even astronomy and mathematics.
• The invention of the printing
press meant that music could be
published and distributed for the
first time.
• The Latin Mass is perhaps the most
important type of music from the
Renaissance, particularly that of
Josquin des Prez.

13. • Music written during this period is intended to be sung, either as large
choral pieces in church or as songs or madrigals.
• non-vocal music flourished too.
• Musical instruments were more expressive and agile.
•Pieces could now be written specifically for instruments such as the
and lute

14. Self-awareness:
• Artists, architects and writers started using phrases such as Modi
antichi (in the antique manner) or alle romana et alla
antica (in the manner of the Romans and the ancients) to describe
their work.
• In the 1330s, Petrarch referred to pre-Christian times as antiqua (ancient)
and to the Christian period as nova (new).
• Leonardo Bruni was the first to use tripartite periodization in his History of
the Florentine People (1442).
• Bruni's first two periods were based on those of Petrarch, but he added a
third period because he believed that Italy was no longer in a state of
decline.
• Humanist historians argued that contemporary scholarship restored direct
links to the classical period, thus bypassing the Medieval period, which
they then named for the first time the "Middle Ages". The term first
appears in Latin in 1469 as media tempestas (middle times).
Leonardo Bruni

15. • The term la rinascita (rebirth) first appeared,
however, in its broad sense in Giorgio Vasari's
Lives of the Artists 1550, revised 1568).
• Vasari divided the age into three phases:
• The first phase contains Cimabue, Giotto, and Arnolfo
di Cambio
• The second phase contains Masaccio, Brunelleschi,
and Donatello.
• The third centers on Leonardo da
• Vinci and culminates with
Michelangelo.
Michelangelo
Leonardo da Vinci