A short description of the concepts of Pre and Probiotics

2. Probiotic
 An oral supplement or a food product
that contains a sufficient number of
viable microorganisms to alter the
microflora of the host and has
potential health benifits.

3. Prebiotic
 A nondigestible food ingredient that
benefits the host by selectively
stimulating the favorable growth
and/or activity of 1 or more
indigenous probiotic bacteria

4. Synbiotic
 A product that contains both
probiotics and prebiotics

5. Postbiotic:
 A metabolic byproduct generated by a
Probiotic microorganism that
influences the host’s biological
functions

6. Functional food
 Any modified food that provides a
health benefit beyond that ascribed to
any specific nutrient/nutrients it
contains.
 E.g
 Yogurt
 Itcontains Probiotic bacteria, prebiotics, and
other dietary nutrients

7. WHAT ARE PROBIOTICS
Micro-organisms, typically members of the genera
Lactobacillus Bifidobacterium Streptococcus
These bacteria are fermentive, obligatory,
or facultative, anaerobic organisms.
They are typically non motile and
of varying shapes
Predominate and prevail over
potential pathogenic morgs in the GIT

8. The most studied probiotic bacteria
 Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG)
 Bifidobacterium lactis, and
 Streptococcus thermophilus.

9. Other Bacteria in Gut
 Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Serratia,
and Proteus species, also may be
prominent flora.
The difference

10. How Probiotics help
 generate small molecular metabolic
byproducts- like
 short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate.
 Lactic acid.
 These products are toxic to the
opportunistic pathogens present in the gut.

11. WHAT ARE PREBIOTICS
 Oligosaccharides
 Indigestible by humans
 Their presence selectively enhances
proliferation of certain probiotic
bacteria in the colon
 Especially Bifidobacteria species

12. Prebiotic oligosaccharides
 Contains fructose chains with a
terminal glucose
 Typically consist of 10 or fewer sugar
molecules
 Examples
 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs)
 Inulin
 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs), And
 Soybean Oligosaccharides.

13. INTESTINAL BACTERIAL FLORA
 Bacterial concentrations in the adult colon
are typically 1012 colony-forming units per
mL of intestinal contents
 500 different bacterial species contribute to
an adult’s colonic microflora.
 99% of the microflora are accounted for by
30 to 40 species. [Tannock G. The intestinal microflora. In:Fuller R, Perdigón G, eds. Gut Flora,
Nutrition, Immunity and Health. Oxford, England: Blackwell Press; 2003:1–23]

14. POSSIBLE USE OF PROBIOTICS
1. preventing acute gastrointestinal tract infections in healthy infants
and children
2. Treatment of Acute Infectious Diarrhea
3. Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea
4. Prevention of Atopic Disease
5. Treatment of Atopic Disease
6. Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in LBW Neonates
7. Treatment of H.pylori Infection
8. Chronic IBD
9. Treatment of Chronic Ulcerative Colitis
10. Treatment of Crohn Disease
11. Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Constipation: Treatment
12. Treatment of infantile Colic
13. Combined Prebiotics And Probiotics To Prevent Allergy