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1. Rise of Magadha Empire
Sachin Kr. Tiwary

2. Rise of Magadha Empire- Why ?
• Natural Boundary.
– Rajgriha/Girivraj
– Patalipurta
• Elephant for War easily available.
• Ore of Iron for Smelting/Natural Resources .
– Vindhyan Range
– Jungles with its woods
– Rich in mineral resources
– Iron oresto manufacture weapons
• Development of Specialized Industries.
– Special Class
– Artisans
• Trade control- Over the Rivers and Land.
– To Distribute the surplus production to the consumers
• Fertile Land.
– Created by the Himalayan rivers like Ganges, Yamuna etc.
– Its fields too yielded enough crops to feed huge armies,
• Supportive Population.
– Issue of equality
– Emergence of new sects
• Enthusiastic Rulers.
– Brihadratha dynasty
– Haryanka dynasty
– Shaishunaga dynasty
– Nanda dynasty
– Mauryan dynasty

3. Natural Boundary (Rajgriha/Girivraj)

4. Natural Boundary (Patalipurta )

5. 544-412 BCE 412-344 BCE 344-324 BCE
Enthusiastic Rulers and Dynasties

6. Brihadratha dynasty/Maharatha Dynasty/Rawani dynasty-
1. Nomenclature- "Many/Great Chariots“ बृहद्रथ - वृहद + रथ
2. The earliest ruling dynasty of Magadha (Capital-Rajgriha).
3. According to the Mahabharata and the Puranas, he was the eldest of the five sons
of Vasu, the Kuru king of Chedi and his queen Girika.
4. The name of Brihadratha is also found in the Rigveda (I.36.18, X.49.6).
5. Ripunjaya was the last in his lineage, who was killed by his minister in 6th century
BCE.
Genealogy
• His sister Amna as his successor.
• Kushagra was succeeded by his son Vrishava.
• Pushpavanta was the son of Vrishava.
Genealogy
• Pushpavanta was succeeded by his son Satyahita.
• Satyahita's son was Sudhanvana.
• Sudhanvana was succeeded by his son Sarva.
Genealogy
• Sarva was succeeded by his son Sambhava.
• Sambhava was succeeded by his son Jarasandha.
• Jarasandha was succeeded by his son Sahadeva who was killed in the Kurukshetra war.

7. Haryanka dynasty (544–413 BCE)
1. The second ruling dynasty of Magadha (Capital-Rajgriha, Later Pataliputra).
2. Bimbisara was the main founder of the dynasty.
3. According to the Buddhist text, the Mahavamsa, Bimbisara was appointed king by
his father, Bhattiya, at the age of fifteen.
4. In Jain literature, Bimbisara gets the name ' 'श्रेणिक' '.
Bimbisara
545-493 BCE
•He also married Chellana (Lichhavi)
and Kosala Devi (Kosala).
•Both Jain and Buddhist texts claim the king
was a follower of their respective religions.
Ajatashatru
493-462 BCE
•He married Vajira (Kosala)
•He was contemporary with Mahavira (599–527 BCE) and Gautama Buddha (563–483 BCE).
•He fought with Lichhavi and Kosala.
•He established the city Pataliputra.
Udayin
•The capital t was shifted to Pataliputra during the reign of Udayin.

8. Shishunaga/ Sishunaga Dynasty (413-345 BCE)
1. The third imperial dynasty of Magadha (Capital-Pataliputra).
2. The first ruler of the dynasty was Shishunaga himself after whom
it has been named, who came to power when the people
revolted against the earlier Haryanka Dynasty ruler Naga dashak
in the 5th century BCE.
Shishunaga
•Strengthened the Magadhan army during his time, and his greatest military achievement, which even
surpassed his predecessors, was to successfully fight the Avanti Kingdom and vanquish them in the
process.
•Shishunaga’s time, Avanti became a part of Magadha and the Pradyota Dynasty of Avanti ceased to
exist.
Kalashok
•Shishunaga was succeeded by his son Kalashoka, but not much is known about his military
achievements. He must have basked in the glory of his father’s conquests mostly.
•He initially served as the viceroy of the important city of Varanasi during his father Shishunaga’s rule.
•Kalashoka had ten sons who followed him but the records are very obscure. They were said to have
divided the kingdom amongst themselves, instead of selecting one able brother to the throne.

10. Thank you
Any Question ?

11. Banaras Hindu University
Faculty of arts
2020-21 Session
BA. Ist Sem.
Topic of the assignment-
Name-
Roll No. (CRN)-
ERN.-
Subject- Ancient Indian History, Culture and Archaeology
Paper- C:101 Political History of India (c. 600 BCE to 300
CE)
Adhaar Card No. …………… Full address
Date- 30 Jan. 2021

12. • Name of the District-
• Name of the geographical region-
• Map of the district /region (02)
• District Gazetteer-
– Archaeology
– Literature
– Folk tradition
Acknowledgement:
– Reference-
– Photographs (not more 10)
– Page limit- not more than 10