THIS PRESENTATION CONTAINS HOW TO TAKE CARE OF NEWBORNS BY HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL'S.....

1. WELCOME
BYBY
MR.SACHIN T.GADADEMR.SACHIN T.GADADE
M.SC (N) PEDSM.SC (N) PEDS

2. GENERAL OBJECTIVE:-
The group will be able to understand about
care of newborn and able to apply theoritical
knowledge to clinical practice.

3. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:-
The group will be able to
Understand about care of newborn i.e immediate
and routine care.
Discuss about warmth, care of skin, eyes and care
of cord etc.
Discuss about immunization and breast feeding.
Explain about the follow up care and general
observation of newborn.

5. INTRODUCTION
Essential care of the normal healthy neonates can be best provided
by the mothers under supervision of nursing personnel. About 80% of
newborn baby’s require minimal care. The normal term baby should be
kept with their mother rather than separate nursery. Rooming in
promotes better emotional bondage, prevents cross infection and
established breast feeding easily. Mother participates in nursing care of
the baby and develops self confidence in her.
Nursing care of healthy new born baby after birth should be
provided as immediate care of neonate and daily routine care .

7. IMMEDIATE BASIC CARE OF
NEWBORN
As majority babies cry at birth and take spontaneous
respiration, no resuscitation required at birth in
about 95-98% neonates.
These healthy normal neonates need only warmth,
breast feeding, close observation for early detection
of problems and protection from infections and
injuries.
After cutting the umbilical cord aseptically the baby
should be kept dried, wrapped with dry and warm
cloth, examine thoroughly and quickly to assess
normal characteristics, to detect congenital
malformation and then put the mother’s breast.

8. Identification tag to be tied to the mother and
baby.
Recording to be done accurately about the event
of the birth of the baby (especially birth date,
time, sex, examination findings or presence of
any problem etc) in the delivery record sheet.
The mother and baby should transfer to ward
usually after 1 hour of observation in the delivery
room and when the condition permits.
Sick or at risk neonates need special care in
special setting

10. APGAR SCORE
CRITERIA 0 1 2
Respiration Absent Slow, irregular Good crying
Heart rate Absent Slow(below 100) More than100/m
Muscle tone Flaccid Some flexion of
extremities
Active body
movement
Reflex response No response Grimace SNEEZES
Skin colour Blue, pale Body pink, extremities
blue
Completely pink

11. DAILY ROUTINE CARE OF
NEONATES
The major goal of nursing care of the newborn is
establish and maintain homeostasis i.e. stability
in the normal physiological status.

12. WARMTH
Warmth is provided by keeping the baby dry with
adequate clothing.
Baby should be kept to the side of the mother,
so that the mother’s body temperature can keep
the baby warm.
Baby can be placed in skin to skin contact with
mother (kangarooing) to maintain temperature
of infant and facilitate breast feeding.
Bathing at first day is avoided to prevent
hypothermia

15. BREAST FEEDING
The baby should be put to mother’s breast within
half an hour of birth as soon as possible .The
mother has recovered from exertion of labour .
Colostrums feeding must be offered.
Mother should be informing about the
importance and techniques of breast feeding.
 Demand feeding should be encouraged.
Exclusive breast feeding procedure should be
explained to the mother and family members

17. SKIN CARE AND BABY BATH
The baby must be cleaned off blood, mucus and
meconium.
No vigorous attempts should be met to remove
the vernix caseosa, as it provides protection to
the delicate skin.
Baby bath can be given in the hospital by using
warm water in a warm room gently and quickly.
Bathing should be avoided in open place.
During winter months the baby should have
sponge bath rather than deep bath to avoid
hypothermia.

19. Use of olive oil or coconut oil can be allowed
after 3-4 weeks of age. Oil massage improves
circulation and muscle tone.
Oil massage should be given before the bathing.
Exposure to morning sunrays is an important
source of vitamin D and warmth.
The talcum powder should be applied over the
axillae , groins and buttocks.

20. CARE OF UMBILICAL CORD
The umbilical cord is cut about 2-3 inches from the
navel with aseptic precaution during delivery and
tied with cotton thread or disposable plastic clip.
The cord must be inspected for bleeding afterwards
which commonly occurs due to shrinkage of cord and
loosening of ligature.
No dressing should apply and the cord should be
kept open and dry.
Normally it falls of after 5-10 days.
Application of triple dye or junction violet is not
advocated as a routine any more.

21. CARE OF EYES
Eye should be cleaned at the birth and once
every day using sterile cotton swabs soaked in
sterile water .
Each eye should be cleaned using a separate
swab.
Application of kajal in the eyes must be avoided
to prevent infection or lead poisoning.
The eye should be observed for redness ,
discharge or the excessive tearing for early
detection of problems and prompt management.

22. CLOTHING OF BABY
The baby should be dressed with loose, soft and
cotton cloths.
Large buttons synthetic frock and plastic or
nylon napkin should be avoided.
A triangular shaped soft, absorbent cloth should
be used as napkin.
The cloths should not be tight especially around
the neck or abdomen.
In winter woolen clothing should be used.

23. GENERAL CARE
The new born should be kept with the mother for
continues rooming in a well ventilated room.
Baby be should handled with gentle approach after
hand washing.
No infected person should take care or touch the
baby.
Baby should allow to sleep in a supine position which
can prevent sudden infant death syndrome.
General cleanliness is to be maintained and
surrounding to be kept clean.
Wet nappies should be change immediately.

24. OBSERVATION
The baby should be thoroughly observed twice
daily for early detection of any abnormalities.
Temperature, pulse, respiration, feeding
behavior, stool, urine and sleep pattern should
be assessed .
Mouth, eyes, cord, and skin should be looked for
any infections.

25. WEIGHT RECORDING
Assess daily weight gain in healthy term babies which
is about 30gm/day.
Most infants double their weight by 4-5 months but
in first week of life there is physiological loss of body
weight because of removal of vernix, mucus, blood,
passage of meconium and reduction of extracellular
blood volume & also due to adaptation to new
environment.
With adequate breast feeding majority of babies
regain the weight within 7-10 days of birth.

27. IMMUNISATION
within first week of life.
The mother should be informed about national
immunization schedule and explanation should
given about important of complete
immunization and all possible reaction following
vaccines.
In institutional deliveries all neonates should be
immunized with BCG vaccine and zero polio.
In outside or home deliveries the BCG and OPV
should be given

28. FOLLOW UP AND ADVISES
Each infant should be followed up, at least once every
months for first 3 months and subsequently 3
months interval till one year of age.
Follow up is necessary for assessment of growth and
development, early detection and management of
health problems.
Health education should be given regarding exclusive
breast feeding, warmth, hygiene, rooming in,
clothing, immunization and follow up.
Harm full cultural practices should be discouraged.
Care at home should be discussed and demonstrate
to the mother and family.

29. CONCLUTION
The newborn care is very essential to reduce infant
morbidity and mortality rate.

30. BIBLIOGRPHY
Parul Datta, Text book of pediatric nursing, 2nd
edition, Jaypee publication, Pg no.69-75.
Marlow, Text book of pediatric nursing,6th
edition, Pg no. 326-328.
D.C Dutta, Text book of obstetrics , Pg no.219-222

31. THANKYOU