2. Introduction and Session Objectives
• Guest Host: Sherri Breece, Honeywell Human Space
Sr. Systems and Software Engineering Manager
• Title: A Well-Grounded Approach to Implementing Out of
the World Technology
• The objective of this interview is to introduce you to a
methodology for technology insertion in products
and systems
• The following questions will be answered:
– What are Technology, Integration and System Readiness Levels?
– How do I incorporate technology into products or services and or
what approach do I use?
– How do I mitigate the risk of incorporating technology into a
product?
3. What do These Products Have in
Common?
Flame
Resistant
Clothing
Reflective
Material
4. Answer
• They are all products that resulted from technology
necessary for the success of the Apollo missions and
human lunar exploration.
5. Special Guest
• Mitch Fletcher – Chief Systems
Engineer for Honeywell Human Space
Division
6. TRL (Technology Readiness Level):
Used as an input to the analysis to measure the maturity of
each component technology.
IRL (Integration Readiness Level):
Used as an input to the analysis to measure the integration of
two TRL assessed technologies.
SRL (System Readiness Level):
Used to assess the overall system development and prioritize
potential areas that require further development.
SRL Index => What it Contains?
What is Technology and How is its Maturity
Measured?
7. What Drives New Technology and What
are the Priorities?
• Considerations (Figure of Merit drives)
– Need – Beat competition, solves a problem
– Cost – Cost to mature technology
– Schedule – How long will it take to mature
– Risk to mature/insert
– Integration readiness
Six-Sigma Tools Are Used to Prioritize Technology Focus
Based on Importance to the Customer
PriorityCustomer
Needs
8. How does NASA define TRL?
9) Actual system 'flight proven' through
successful mission operations
8) Actual system completed and 'flight
qualified' through test and
demonstration (ground or space)
7) System prototype demonstration in a
space environment
6) System/subsystem model or prototype
demonstration in a relevant environment
(ground or space)
5) Component and/or breadboard validation
in relevant environment
4) Component and/or breadboard validation
in laboratory environment
3) Analytical and experimental critical
function and/or characteristic proof of
concept
2) Technology concept and/or application
formulated
1) Basic principles observed and reported
1 Mankins, John C. (6 April 1995). "Technology Readiness Levels: A White Paper". NASA, Office of Space Access and Technology,
Advanced Concepts Office. http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/codeq/trl/trl.pdf.
12. Systems Engineering Approach for Maturing
Technology
Describes the Scope and Context (Vocabulary of the Architecture
All View
Operational
View
Identifies What Needs to be
Accomplished and Who Does It
Services
View
Relates Services and
Characteristics to
Operational Needs
System
View
Relates Systems and
Characteristics to
Operational Needs
Technical Standards
View
•Prescribes Standards and
•Conventions
Core
Architecture
Describes How the System
Is Implemented
• Technical Standards Criteria
Governing Interoperable
Implementation/Procurement of
the Selected System Capabilities
• Specific System Capabilities
Required to Satisfy Information
Exchanges
Capability
View
Deployed Capability
Timing of Capability
13. Who is Responsible for Inserting New
Technology?
• One approach for roles and responsibilities
SRS
Definition TRL 1-3 TRL 4-6 TRL 7-9
Research Center 6.1 Scientist n/a n/a
Applied research 6.2 n/a Scientist n/a
Advanced technology dev. 6.3a n/a Joint Engineer
Major systems development 6.3b-6.6 n/a n/a Engineer
TRL 1-3 TRL 4-6 TRL 7-9
Joint
Scientist Engineer
14. What are Some Actual Examples of
Technology Insertion?
• Two Space products currently in production
–Control Moment Gyros
–Space Isolation Mechanism
• Integrating two products to obtain high SRL
–Momentum Control System
15. Control Moment Gyro Example
• Product Description: A Control Moment Gyro is an
attitude control device used to control Spacecraft position
and direction.
– Provides the ability to point and stabilize a spacecraft
• Application:
─ Satellite and payload pointing
─ Satellite stabilization - successfully flown for LEO/GEO/HEO
satellites
─ Other spacecraft stabilization, such as ISS
16. Control Moment Gyro Example
• Technologies Developed:
– Tribology (Bearing System)
– Control Algorithm (apparent ϕjc)
– Structure
– Steering Laws
• Technical Challenges Encountered:
– CMG size reduction
Driven by customer needs
– Interaction of two structures
CMG wants stiff, Isolation wants soft
Packaging and optimal placement
– Cable interface across soft mount
18. Structural Control Mechanism (Isolator
Example)
• Technologies Developed:
– Modification of existing technology for Space applications
– Application specific patents
• Considerations and Approach:
– A “few” appendage Modes
– Many structural resonances
– High frequency base motion
– Payload disturbance and pointing, low frequency base motion.
– Launch induced vibrations on entire spacecraft
19. Integrating Two High TRL Products Have a
High SRL, Right?
• Integrating two Mature Products isn’t a Slam Dunk
– Sometimes the square peg doesn’t fit into the round hole
– It may require a little patience in putting the puzzle together
– Following the Systems Maturity Process model will result in
Success!
20. Integrated CMGs and Isolation Mechanism
• Product Description: Integrated Momentum Control
System
– Integrates multiple CMG’s with Structural Isolation Mechanism
21. Application: Momentum Control System
Problem
• CMGs are a primary contributor to the jitter
that affects Electro-optical and Infrared
payloads
Solution
• Integrate isolation solutions and structural
analysis models and capabilities into satellite
design.
Momentum Control System (MCS) Value
Proposition
• Reduces cost of CMGs to meet spacecraft /
payload jitter requirements when combined
with D-Struts
• Eliminates majority of Prime Contractor
research and development for MCS structural
mode analysis
• Provides Value to customers to have an
integrated system vs. individual products for
the transfer of system integration responsibility
and fail-safe performance.
Isolation System used in
commercial satellites
• CMGs (4-6)
• Integrated D-Strut ®
structural dampers
• Palette / bench with
quantified structural stiffness
• CMG electronics
• Processor that hosts CMG
steering laws
23. Space Station Docking Exercise
• Objective: Identify which sensor(s) and flight computer to
“Integrate” with the thrusters to complete an autonomous
docking system for spacecraft to ISS docking.
• Develop Figure of Merit Chart to drive decisions
• Select recommended sensors
• Be prepared to explain why they were selected.
24. Spacecraft Auto Docking to Space Station
• The Space Shuttle used a manual docking method
– Communication and Navigation System is used to 50 meters
– Astronaut then points Lidar gun at Space Station
– Pilot manually guides the sensor in with jet control
• Exercise:
– Use the sensors and flight computer to “Integrate” with the
thrusters to complete an autonomous docking system
– Mission is from 1 Km to docking
More than one sensor type will be needed
– Optimize performance for the customer system
Hinweis der Redaktion
Example of how to determine what technology area to focus.
Provide overview of how NASA defines TRL.
Include this as a handout to the audience, perhaps we can laminate and include Honeywell logo.
Brief description of SRL, then provide overview of slide.
Animated slide
Animated slide. Talks about DoDAF approach to Systems Engineering. Relate to Systems Readiness Level
- The next section will walk through two examples of how technology is used in actual space products or system.
- The first two examples are products currently in production. The focus is technology insertion
- The third example demonstrates the importance of System Readiness maturity that integrates two mature products. Each singular product is categorized as TRL 9, but as a System the SRL is ?
Definition of a CMG (What is it and what is it used for): is an attitude control device generally used in spacecraft attitude control systems. A CMG consists of a spinning rotor and one or more motorized gimbals that tilt the rotor’s angular momentum. As the rotor tilts, the changing angular momentum causes a gyroscopic torque that rotates the spacecraft. They provide satellites with rapid, precision, pointing and tracking maneuvers.
What is Attitude Control?
– The ability to point and stabilize a spacecraft to
directions of interest and to counter disturbances
• Why is Attitude Control a problem?
– Mission requires high pointing and stability
– Physical constraints: mass, power, volume,
lifetime
– Increased autonomy and robustness
– Diverse requirements
• Planetary missions amplify the above issues
Worldview - By 1st quarter 2009, with the addition of WorldView-2, the constellation will be capable of collection 1,000,000 km2/day
International Space Station has four CMG’s that hold the space station at a fixed attitude relative to the surface of the Earth
Definition of a CMG (What is it and what is it used for): is an attitude control device generally used in spacecraft attitude control systems. A CMG consists of a spinning rotor and one or more motorized gimbals that tilt the rotor’s angular momentum. As the rotor tilts, the changing angular momentum causes a gyroscopic torque that rotates the spacecraft. They provide satellites with rapid, precision, pointing and tracking maneuvers.
What is Attitude Control?
– The ability to point and stabilize a spacecraft to
directions of interest and to counter disturbances
• Why is Attitude Control a problem?
– Mission requires high pointing and stability
– Physical constraints: mass, power, volume,
lifetime
– Increased autonomy and robustness
– Diverse requirements
• Planetary missions amplify the above issues
Worldview - By 1st quarter 2009, with the addition of WorldView-2, the constellation will be capable of collection 1,000,000 km2/day
International Space Station has four CMG’s that hold the space station at a fixed attitude relative to the surface of the Earth
Spacecraft structures are unlike any other. They demand complex solutions to reduce the launch loads and on-orbit-induced vibration, thus improving system performance. Honeywell has extensive experience in isolating complete satellites from launch vibration, and in reducing on-orbit disturbances from the bus, the payload, and the momentum control system. Utilizing this experience and a dedicated development laboratory, Honeywell has the expertise to support satellite designs with structural control, leading to a high probability of mission success, regardless of the spacecraft challenge presented.
Spacecraft structures are unlike any other. They demand complex solutions to reduce the launch loads and on-orbit-induced vibration, thus improving system performance. Honeywell has extensive experience in isolating complete satellites from launch vibration, and in reducing on-orbit disturbances from the bus, the payload, and the momentum control system. Utilizing this experience and a dedicated development laboratory, Honeywell has the expertise to support satellite designs with structural control, leading to a high probability of mission success, regardless of the spacecraft challenge presented.
Honeywell offers RWA “fine balancing” at an additional charge to minimize vibration output from the assembly.
CMG/RWA isolators are only offered upon request, as they are viewed as expensive and used only when absolutely required.
Primes / OEMs evaluate RWA/CMG modal influence on overall vehicle objectives, and may solicit Honeywell or a competitor to provide an isolation system if standard or “fine” balancing is insufficient.
Competitors such as CSA/MOOG are viewed by Primes / OEMs as less expensive sources of isolators than Honeywell.
Honeywell wants to integrate isolators as part of individual RWA and CMG installations.
An isolation system concept has been identified to achieve a low cost integrated solution.
Avoid having competitors provide isolation systems for Honeywell momentum products, thus securing this “captive” value stream.
Differentiate Honeywell offering – other momentum product competitor (such as ITHACO, EADS Astrium and TELDIX) do not offer isolation systems (added value)
Increase the demand for isolation systems by Primes / OEMs as part of their momentum product procurement.