10. Adverse Reaction Goals
1. Identify the allergen
2. Avoid the allergen
FOOD ELIMINATION
TEST IS MOST
ACCURATE FOR
FOOD ALLERGY TESTING
11. Adverse Reaction KNFs
Provide a:
Novel protein source or
Hydrolyzed protein source
Highly digestible protein
Limited number of protein sources
12. What Novel Proteins Are Available?
Protein Source Available?
Lamb
Kangaroo
Chicken
Alligator
Duck
Whitefish
Opossum
Venison
Rabbit
13. What Novel Proteins Are Available?
Protein Source Available?
Lamb
Kangaroo
Chicken
Alligator X
Duck
Whitefish
Opossum Aussie dog food
Venison
Rabbit
14. LA Limited Antigen®
HA Hypoallergenic® Gentle Snackers®
Skin and Coat Response™ FP Skin and
Coat Response Response™ LB
Skin and Coat Response Response™
KO
Prescription Diet® d/d
Prescription Diet® z/d Low Allergen
Prescription Diet® z/d ULTRA
Hypoallergenic HP 19™
Novel sources: potato, rabbit, venison,
whitefish, vegetarian
17. ANSWER
They will feel better when they eat
Fluid therapy does not replace eating
Cats that are licking the gravy off the canned food
are not eating enough to sustain themselves
Owners must understand how important eating is
for the recovery of their pet
18. Recovery Care
Anorexia – lack or loss of appetite
Hypermetabolism – increased need
for energy and nutrients caused by
disease or recovery process
19. Recovery Care
Enteral feeding – use of the alimentary
tract (mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine)
Parenteral feeding – routes other than
alimentary tract; ex: I/V, I/P
TPN – all nutrients parenteral
20. Recovery Care
Indications for assisted feeding
Mechanical dysfunction
Anorexia
Increased energy requirement
Increased nutrient requirement
Assisted feeding should begin within 24 hours
21. Recovery Care
Benefits of assisted feeding
Prevent dehydration
Enhance wound healing
Decrease recovery time
Prevent muscle and weight loss
Counteract immunosuppressive effects
23. What is the best food to
encourage a pet to eat?
Food from home ( have owners bring in food and
encourage pets to eat)
Table food, boiled chicken and hamburger
AD, highly palatable, can be fed through a syringe if
needed
Make sure animal is clean, comfortable
26. Recovery Care - Goals
•Formula conducive to enteral feeding
•Water
•Increased B vitamins, electrolytes
•High energy density
•Relatively high protein
•Omega 3 Fatty acids
•Arginine, glutamine,
carnitine
Provide Nutrients
Energy Dense Formula
Support Organ Function
Support Immune Function
27. KNF Comparison:
Recovery Care Products
Purina CV
Feline
Iam’s
Stress/Weight
Gain Max Cal
Prescription
Diet a/d
Energy
Density
223 kcals/can 333 kcals/can 180 kcals/can
Protein 42.53% Min. 14% 44.3%
Glutamine n/a n/a 7.23%
32. Joint Structure & Function
From White GW. DVM Best Practices, Nov 2003
33. Joint Structure & Function
Core
Protein
Hyaluronan
Link
protein
Others Keratan Chondroitin
sulfates sulfates
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
Aggrecan
34. Joint Structure & Function
Aggrecanases
Proteinases responsible for degradation ofProteinases responsible for degradation of
aggrecan, resulting in GAG releaseaggrecan, resulting in GAG release
35. Joint Structure & Function
Link
protein
Aggrecanases cause
GAGs to break off
Core
Protein
Others Keratan Chondroitin
sulfates sulfates
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
39. Canine Osteoarthritis KNFHigh levels of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
Omega-3 fatty acid that is biologically active in dog
cartilage; selectively stored
Stops degradation, decreases inflammation
Added Glucosamine & Chondroitin Sulfate
High levels of Carnitine