0893 Conventional Rice vs SRI - Prospects

Conventional Rice vs SRI - Prospects S.Ramasamy Professor (Agronomy) Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, INDIA 641 003 [email_address] SR

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Rice cultivation in India ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Rice scenario - in the state of TN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Rice scenario - in the state of TN.. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Farmers’ way of rice cultivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Farmers way of rice cultivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Farmers’ way of rice cultivation. ,[object Object],[object Object],SR

Farmers’ way of rice cultivation.. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Farmers’ way of rice cultivation… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Farmers’ way of rice cultivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Farmers’ way of rice cultivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Dry season vs . Wet season Dry season Wet season Period (days) Jun- Sep Aug, Sep - Dec, Jan Duration 105 135 Mean Temp ° C 30+ 25+ Solar radiation 450 cal 450 cal Total biomass t/ha 13-17 16-18 Grain yield – State 3.3 2.3 Grain yield – Expt 6-8 5-7 Ratio: PT / TT High Low % grains/panicle High Low Root color White to brown Brown to black Root activity Fairly good After PI sharply falling Probable reason Less standing water Continuous inundation

Potential yield is achievable.. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Root activity ,[object Object],SR

Root activity and total biomass SR Ramasamy et al 1997

Root activity and root color SR Ramasamy et al 1997 No drainage With Drainage

Effect of drainage on grain yield SR Ramasamy et al 1997 No Drainage With Drainage

Root activity ,[object Object],[object Object],SR

Root activity.. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Root activity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Closer vs . Wider spacing SR Root distribution Rectangular, closer 15cm x 10 cm Square, wider 25cm x 25 cm

Closer vs . Wider spacing SR Rotary weeding Rectangular, closer Square, wider Root distribution Rectangular, closer 15cm x 10 cm Square, wider 25cm x 25 cm Complete covering of soil surface

Closer vs . Wider spacing SR Rotary weeding Rectangular, closer Square, wider Root distribution Rectangular, closer 15cm x 10 cm Square, wider 25cm x 25 cm

Closer vs . Wider spacing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Closer vs . wider spacing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Closer vs . wider spacing SR A Model

Closer vs . wider spacing SR A Model Expected

Closer vs . wider spacing SR A Model Effect of drainage Resembles drainage vs. No drainage

Best Management Practices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Adoption level of Best Management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

14 d vs. 24 d seedlings (wet season 2001-02) Senthil kumar et al., 2002 RN - Recommended nutrients GLM- Green Leaf Manure 6.25t 24 D 14 D Irrigation 5cm Irrigation SRI Irrigation 5cm Irrigation SRI No Rotary RN 6.15 6.20 6.84 6.27 RN+GLM 6.00 6.20 5.89 5.06 Rotary RN 6.01 6.91 6.84 6.71 RN+GLM 6.34 6.35 7.61 7.23

Direct seeding vs 24 D (Dry season 2002) Senthil kumar et al., 2002 RN - Recommended nutrients GLM- Green Leaf Manure 6.25t Direct seeded with 3-4 seeds then thinned to one 24 D Direct seeded Irrigation 5cm Irrigation SRI Irrigation 5cm Irrigation SRI No Rotary RN 6.01 5.69 6.68 6.37 RN+GLM 6.26 5.81 6.60 6.39 Rotary RN 6.24 6.01 6.89 6.40 RN+GLM 6.31 6.08 6.94 6.61

Conventional vs. SRI (100 sites), 2004 Thiyagarajan : TNAU website

Advantages in SRI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Impact of irrigation stress Sumathi 2008 2 dry spells ( 20d for wet season and 15 d for dry season) at PI and flowering) Wet season 2006-07 Dry season 2007 SRI ( 25 x 25 ) 6.72 6.67 SRI+ Dry spells 5.45 5.58 Conventional ( 20 x 10; 15 x 10 ) 6.47 6.15 Conventional + Dry spells 5.05 5.01

Constraints in SRI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Modification – in SRI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

SRI Direct Planting System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Direct Planting System of SRI SR Before I rotary weeding 10 DAS

Direct Planting System of SRI SR

Direct Planting System of SRI SR Crisscross direction

Direct Planting System of SRI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Direct Planting System of SRI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

Direct Planting System of SRI SR After 2nd rotary weeding and thinning

Direct Planting System of SRI SR Tillering

Direct Planting System of SRI SR Max. Tillering

Direct Planting System of SRI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

To conclude ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

To conclude.. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SR

0893 Conventional Rice vs SRI - Prospects

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0893 Conventional Rice vs SRI - Prospects