1. CORDAID- COMMUNITY MANAGED DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION CMDRR APPROACH/CLIMATE CHANGE
ADAPTATION
PRESENTATION MADE AT
STRENGTHENING CLIMATE RESILIENCE (SCR PROJECT)-
KENYA WORKSHOP
30th MARCH 2010
BY: SAFIA ABDI

2. ABOUT CORDAID
 Catholic Organization for Relief and Development Aid
[Cordaid]
 Formed in 1999- merger of 3 organization- Caritas
Netherlands, Memisa, and Dutch Bishop Lenten
Campaign
 International relief and development NGO
 Hq- The Hague- Netherlands
 Works in 36 countries with over 1000 partners- in
Africa, Asia, Latin America
 Partners/donors: Dutch Ministry of Development
Cooperation, EU, Dutch public…

3. PROGRAMME AREAS
Four sectors and 10 programmes
 Participation- identity and diversity, slum
dwellers and women and violence (Kenya)
 Emergency aid and reconstruction (Kenya)
 Health and well-being
 entrepreneurship

4. Emergency aid and reconstruction
sector- in Kenya
 Implemented in the pastoralist areas- active
in Moyale, Mandera, Isiolo, Samburu, Isiolo
and Marsabit
 DRR/CCA and emergency activities
supported
 Focus on drought as a hazard but others-
conflict management, floods, livestock
disease...shaped by PDRA and analysis
 Combine drought cycle management and
DRR/CCA approaches and strategies

5. Definition of key terms
 Disaster Risk reduction: The concept and practice
of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts
to analyze and manage the causal factors of
disasters, including through reduced exposure to
hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and
property, wise management of land and the
environment, and improved preparedness for
adverse events.
 Adaptation: Adjustment in natural and human
systems in response to actual or expected climatic
stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or
exploits beneficial opportunities –various types –
anticipatory, autonomous and planned

6. CCA and DRR
 With climate change- frequency and intensity of Hazard
increases
 Record shows increase in disaster events- affect sustainable
development and growth of nations and communities.
 With CC there are opportunities and risks- Adaptation-
addressing risk, turn opportunities into assets
 Adaptation and DRR both aim at reducing impacts of hazards-
anticipating risks, reducing vulnerabilities and increasing
capacities.
 CC is science based while DRR is based on past experiences.
CCA intervention planning need to take into consideration the
various future scenarios based on the science

7. CMDRR Approach
Hazard ≠ Disaster
Hazard can be natural and man made but
disasters are caused by hazard when it
interact with human condition ( exposure and
lack of capacity to cope).
Disaster Risk = Hazard x Vulnerability
Capacity

8. CMDRR continued
Core Principles of CMDRR
 Communities manage DRR process
 Development organizations’ role is facilitation ( not
solution providers) and employees are learning
agents and not change agents
 DRR is multi-stakeholder process and facilitation
done through multi-agency approach ( broad based
partnership )
 DRR best done through multi-hazard approach
 Effective community organization is the foundation of
CMDRR
 MEL & ADVOCACY an integral part of CMDRR.

9. CMDRR PROCESS
Inputs :
Tools, facilitators, community members
knowledge & skills, time
PDRA
Hazard, vulnerability and capacity assessment
Risk analysis
Conclusion on risk levels Processing
Accept risk level or relocate elements Monitoring
At risk if risk level is not acceptable Evaluation &
Identify and prioritize what Needs to
Learning
be done
Set DRR goals and objectives
Community Development plan
Contingency Outputs
Hazard mitigation/prevention
plan
Strengthening systems/organ.
Livelihood enhancement Community organization
Capacity building responsible for
Community Risk Reduction Plan implementation of DRR plan

10. Examples of DRR/CCA projects
 Rain water harvesting- underground tanks, pans roof
catchments – to reduce evaporation due increased temperature
pans lined, tanks are masonry. Some communities in Marsabit
(e.g Forolle and Balesa now have water throughout the year).
 Herd diversification- introduction of camels- more resilient.
 Livelihood diversification- fish farming, commercial insect-
partnership with ICIPE.
 Peace-building efforts to counter resource based conflict.
 Rangeland rehabilitation- revival of good indigenous practices of
rangeland mgt eg kalo system, rid off invasive species
 Communities have autonomously adapted to some extent
 Capacity building of communities, local level stakeholders eg
government, CBOs, NGOs, various committees

11. Pictures-Lined pan

12. Hand-pump on a shallow well
 Ahsanteni

13. Underground tank

14. Animal health

15. Bee-keeping

16. Camel- resilient asset

17. Rehabilitated rangeland

18. Others activities
 Policy influencing/Lobby and advocacy –
local, national and International level.
 International level advocacy through CIDSE
 Linking and learning- through workshops,
publications, working with coalitions,
universities
 Capacity building of partner organizations,
government departments and communities
on CMDRR and climate change.

19. Future plans- (2010 onwards.
 Using scientific information, develop climate
scenarios and plan intervention based on
that.
 Of course continue to develop interventions
using experiences.
 Use traditional knowledge.
 Mainstream CC in all our programme-

20.  Thank you.