1. S R Pharmacy
Biochemistry Chapter 5
Nucleic Acid
Definition Of Nucleic Acids :
Nucleic Acids are intracellular organic substances , made up of polymerization
of Nucleotide . They store genetic information and enable protein synthesis or
production . composition of Nucleotide
Phosphate group pentose sugar nitrogenous base
( deoxyribose , ribose )
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Nitrogenous Bases
Purines : they contains two, carbo - nitrogen rings one of them is six
membered and other is 5 membered . example Adenine , Guanine .
Pyrimidine : It is a 6 membered carbo-nitrogen ring , at the 1st and 3rd
position it contains N . example Cytosine , thymine , Uracil .
Component Of Nucleoside and Nucleotide
Nucleoside : it is made up with the combination of pentose sugar and
nitrogenous base by glycosidic bond .
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Nucleotide : nucleotides are organic substances made of nucleoside and
phosphate .
or nucleotides are organic substances made of pentose sugar , nitrogenous
base and
phosphate group.
( Phosphoester bond) ( glycosidic bond )
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Function Of DNA
1) Genetic Information : It transfer genetic information from mother to the
child .
2) Replication : It makes its copy during cell division.
3) Transcription : When RNA is formed from DNA it is called transcription .
4) DNA finger print : It help to determine the identity of suspected person on
the basis of nucleotide sequences .
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Structure and Function of RNA
Function Of RNA
1) mRNA : It takes genetic massages from DNA and help in protein synthesis .
2) t-RNA : It transfer amino acids to the codes information of mRNA .
3) r-RNA ( ribose RNA ) : It play an important role in protein synthesis .
