The document provides information about Sharekhan, a retail broking firm acquired by BNP Paribas. It discusses Sharekhan's history as the retail broking arm of SSKI group, which has been in the stock market business since 1922. It provides details about Sharekhan's online platform Sharekhan.com and its vision to be the best retail broking brand in India. The summary also mentions that BNP Paribas completed its acquisition of Sharekhan in November 2016.
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project work on technical analysis of Indian IT industry
1. 1 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Chapter.1
1.1) Executive Summary
The main aim of the investor is to minimize the risk involved in investment &
maximize the return. Today there are number of options available to investor like
Post Office investment, Bank Deposit, Insurance, Mutual Fund, Stock Market etc...
Technical analysis is a financial markets technique that claims the ability to
forecast the future direction of security prices through the study of past market
data, primarily price and volume.
This project is about a brief introduction to Technical Analysis, different price
patterns and trends in financial markets and attempt to exploit that patterns etc…
The contents in this project are made simple so as to make a layman understand the
terms used in the Technical Analysis.
The core area of this project focuses what a technical analysts may employ models
and trading rules based for example, on price transformations, Relative Strength
Index, moving averages, Rate of Change, through recognition of chart patterns.
This project contains some elementary statistics which are used in calculation
which help in drawing inferences.
This project has done in SHAREKHAN LIMITED,HUBLI which is the retail
brokering arm of SSKI; SSKI is SS Kantilal Ishwarlal Securities Pvt. Ltd. involved
in rendering different financial services like equity brokerage, commodity research
& brokerage, portfolio management services.
2. 2 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
1.2) Title:
A Study on Technical Analysis of IT Sector for Investment
Decision”.
1.3) Objectives:
To predict the future price of IT sector.
To study the strategies to be adopted by the investor based on the Technical
Analysis.
To predict investor positions in signaling (Buy, Hold & Sell) based on
historical price trends.
Methodology:
The data collected for the research purpose are secondary data. Closing prices of
Scrip’s were collected through National Stock Exchange website.
Sources of Data: The type of the data collection method is secondary data:
Web sites
Text Books
Business magazines.
TOOLS USED:
Relative Strength Index.
Moving Average.
3. 3 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
1.1) FINDINGS:
In the month of December 2016 and March 2017 there was a strong sell
signal of Infosys shares. And August, November 2016 and February 2017
was right time to buy the Shares.
In the month of May, August 2016 and January 2017 there was a strong
sell signal of TCS shares. And July 2016 and November 2016 was right
time to buy the shares.
In months of June and October 2016 there was a strong sell signal of
WIPRO shares. And in the month of September and November 2016 and
February 2017 was right time to buy the shares.
In the month of July, August, December 2016 there was a strong sell signal
of MINDTREE shares. And in the month of May, November 2016 and
February 2017 was right time to buy the shares.
Technical analysis will indicates the buying point and selling point.
1.2) Limitations:
This project study is limited to only one sector i.e. IT sector. The project does
not extend its scope to any other sector of companies.
The analysis is made based on the available data (April 2016 – March 2017)
considering it is correct and accurate.
Only two Technical tools (Moving Average & RSI) to predict the movement
of Stocks selected companies.
This project can’t predict the prices of stocks for long term.
Only Technical Analysis is used to predict the stock prices of the companies.
4. 4 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
1.3) Conclusion
Technical analysis can be used as a reliable tool for investing into stocks. Many
investors (cash market retail investors) are not having right mental setup to trade in
to stocks; there lies the importance of technical analysis. Mainly it is more useful
in the identification of buying points and selling points. Technical analysis is more
reliable and useful for short term and medium term investors.
The RSI chart shows that end of the many months the RSI of each script were
moving up and it is the right time to sell the Scrip’s. Technical analysis for long
term investment is not so much tenable. For Short term investment technical
analysis is sufficient to predict the next possible price targets without using
fundamental analysis. Technical analysis will help the investors to drive their
investment in right and profitable path.
5. 5 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Chapter-2
Industry profile
6. 6 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Industry Profile
The stock exchange initially Started in the nineteenth century in 1875it was
completely started in Bombay and later in Ahmadabad in 1894. To protect the
broker interest and to make active participation of the broker the voluntary
nonprofit association as generated. Securities trading were became the central
subject under the constitution in 1950. BSE were set up in 1927in Bombay. BSE
started first screen based online trading which helped to minimize the risk and
more liquidity in the market.
Stock market
Stock market it is place where the buying and selling of the stocks takes place
based on the company’s stock. The stock which trades on the market should be
listed in the market and unlisted trade takes place in terms of commodities.
Stock Exchange
Stock exchange are an organized and well functioned marketplace, here the high
net worth individuals, all financial institutes, mutual fund and corporate takes place
to make the trading. The members may act either as a agents for their customer, or
as principals for their own accounts.
Stock exchange gives the facilities related to issue of share and redemption of
securities and other financial instruments such as payment of the dividend once the
companies announces and income through trade i.e. buying and selling of the share
on profit loss. The trade on an exchange is only by stock broker do have seat on the
exchange and members who have registered.
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF
INDIA (SEBI)
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulator for
the securities market in India. It was established in the year 1988 and given
statutory powers on 12 April 1992 through the SEBI Act 1992.
It was established by The Government of India on 12 April 1988 and given
statutory powers in 1992 with SEBI Act 1992 being passed by the Indian
Parliament.SEBI has its headquarters at the business district of BandraKurla
Complex in Mumbai, and has Northern, Eastern, Southern and Western Regional
7. 7 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Offices in New Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai and Ahmadabad respectively. It has
opened local offices at Jaipur and Bangalore and is planning to open offices at
Guwahati, Bhubaneswar, Patna, Kochi and Chandigarh in Financial Year 2013 -
2014.
Controller of Capital Issues was the regulatory authority before SEBI came into
existence; it derived authority from the Capital Issues (Control) Act, 1947.
Initially SEBI was a non-statutory body without any statutory power. However in
1995, the SEBI was given additional statutory power by the Government of India
through an amendment to the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992.
In April 1988 the SEBI was constituted as the regulator of capital markets in India
under a resolution of the Government of India.
The SEBI is managed by its members, which consists of following:
1.The chairman who is nominated by Union Government of India.
2.Two members, i.e., Officers from Union Finance Ministry.
3.One member from the Reserve Bank of India.
4.The remaining five members are nominated by Union Government of India, out
of them at least three shall be whole-time members.
BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE (BSE)
The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) is an Indian stock exchange located at Dalal
Street, Kala Ghoda, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Established in 1875 the BSE is
considered to be one of Asia’s fastest stock exchanges, with a speed of 200
microseconds and one of India’s leading exchange groups and the oldest stock
exchange in the South Asia region. Bombay Stock Exchange is the
world's 10thlargest stock market by market capitalization at $1.7 trillion as of 23
January 2015. More than 5,000 companies are listed on BSE.
The Bombay Stock Exchange is the oldest exchange in Asia. It traces its history to
1855, when four Gujarati and one Parsi stockbroker would gather under banyan
trees in front of Mumbai's Town Hall. The location of these meetings changed
many times as the number of brokers constantly increased. The group eventually
moved to Dalal Street in 1874 and in 1875 became an official organization known
as "The Native Share & Stock Brokers Association".
On 31 August 1957, the BSE became the first stock exchange to be recognized by
the Indian Government under the Securities Contracts Regulation Act. In 1980, the
8. 8 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
exchange moved to the PhirozeJeeieebhoy Towers at Dalai Street, Fort area. In
1986, it developed the BSE SENSEX index, giving the BSE a means to measure
overall performance of the exchange. In 2000, the BSE used this index to open its
derivatives market, trading SENSEX futures contracts. The development of
SENSEX options along with equity derivatives followed in 2001 and 2002,
expanding the BSE's trading platform.
Historically an open outcry floor trading exchange, the Bombay Stock Exchange
switched to an electronic trading system developed by CMC Ltd in 1995. It took
the exchange only fifty days to make this transition. This automated, screen based
trading platform called BSE On-line trading (BOLT) had a capacity of 8 million
orders per day. The BSE has also introduced a centralized exchange-based internet
trading system, BSEWEBx.co.in to enable investors anywhere in the world to
trade on the BSE platform.
The BSE is also a Partner Exchange of the United Nations Sustainable stock
Exchange initiative, joining in September 2012.
NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE (NSE)
The National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) is the leading stock
exchange of India, located in Mumbai. NSE was established in 1992 as the first
demutualized electronic exchange in the country. NSE was the first exchange in
the country to provide a modern, fully automated screen-based electronic trading
system which offered easy trading facility to the investors spread across the length
and breadth of the country.
NSE has a market capitalization of more than US$1.65 trillion, making it the
world’s 12th largest stock exchange as of 23 January 2015. NSE's flagship index,
the CNX Nifty, the 50 stock indexes, is used extensively by investors in India and
around the world as a barometer of the Indian capital markets.
NSE was set up by a group of leading Indian financial institutions at the behest of
the government of India to bring transparency to the Indian capital market. Based
on the recommendations laid out by the government committee, NSE has been
established with a diversified shareholding comprising domestic and global
investors. The key domestic investors include Life InsuranceCorporation of India,
State Bank of India, IFCL Limited IDFC Limited and Stock Holding Corporation
of India Ltd. And the key global investors are Gagil FDI Limited, GS Strategic
Investments Limited, SAIF II SE Investments Mauritius Limited, Aranda
Investments (Mauritius) PVT Limited and PI Opportunities Fund I.
9. 9 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
NSE offers trading, clearing and settlement services in equity, equity derivatives,
debt and currency derivatives segments. It is the first exchange in India to
introduce electronic trading facility thus connecting together the investor base of
the entire country. NSE has 2500 VSATs and 3000 leased lines spread over more
than 2000 cities across India.
The exchange was incorporated in 1992 as a tax-paying company and was
recognized as a stock exchange in 1993 under the Securities Contracts (Regulation)
Act, 1956, when P.V.Narasimha Rao was the Prime Minister of India and
Manmohan Singh was the Finance Minister. NSE commenced operations in the
Wholesale Debt Market (WDM) segment in June 1994. The capital market
(equities) segment of the NSE commenced operations in November 1994, while
operations in the derivatives segment commenced in June 2000.
INDICES
In India major Indices are there known as SENSEX and NIFTY. The SENSEX
was launched in the year 1989 and NIFTY launched in the year 1995. The Sensex
have 30 listed companies based on the market capitalization and Nifty has 50 listed
companies based on the market capitalization.
Later on sector wise Indices are created by the exchange with some terms and
conditions. The rules are like company should be from part of a particular sector,
must rank in 500 companies, in the six month the trading frequency of the
particular company should be more than 90%, should have positive net worth, and
should have listing history of six months.
Under the NIFTY index, Indices were created sector wise such CNX IT, CNX
METAL CNX Small cap and so on. Under SENSEX like S & P midcap, S&P IT,
and so on.
10. 10 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Chapter -3
Company profile
11. 11 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
BNP Paribas completes acquisition of Sharekhan
NOVEMBER 24/2016
BNP Paribas has announced that it has completed its acquisition of brokerage firm
Sharekhan, a deal that was first announced in July 2015. The transaction has now
been finalised after receiving approvals from all the relevant regulatory authorities.
Tarun Shah, CEO and Director of Sharekhan, has announced his retirement.
Jaideep Arora, Director, who has been with Sharekhan since its founding in 2000,
has been appointed as CEO with immediate effect, BNP Paribas said in a press
statement.
Sharekhan is the retail brokering arm of SSKI; SSKI is SS Kantilal Ishwarlal
Securities Pvt. Ltd. It is an organization with more than eight decades of trust and
credibility in the stock market.
12. 12 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
As the punch line of the company says it’s a guide to the financial jungle it has its
many group of companies carrying on financial activities.
Sharekhan – Retail broking brand
Sharekhan is the retail broking arm of SSKI group. Sharekhan has successfully
transformed into a full fledge retail brand of SSKI. It is a one stop shop for all kind
of trading activities related to share and other recent happenings like derivative
market and evolved commodity market in India.
2.2.1) Sharekhan.com
Sharekhan.com is the answer for the highly volatile stock market in India.
As the market has grown leaps and bounces in the recent year. SEBI (Securities &
Exchange Board of India) has made Demat Account mandatory for trading in any
of the stock exchanges. Share khan along with banks in India has fund transfer
facility with many of these banks.
The online form of trading is carried on through Sharkhan.com. It allows the
clients to access the website to know about the latest news in the market and the
impact it has on the various scrips. SSKI is in the Indian securities business since
1922. Share khan is serving Institutional Investors –Domestic /International. The
institutional Research team is rated as one of the best in industry Sharekhan has
been rated as among Top 3 domestic brokerage and rated as one of the most
aggressive in the industry.
2.2.2) SSKI Group Companies
SSKI Investor Services Ltd. (Sharekhan)
S.S. Kantilal Ishwarlal Securities.
SSKI Corporate Finance.
2.2.3) Vision:
To be the best retail broking brand in the Indian Equities market.
2.2.4) Mission:
To educate and empower the individual investor to make better
investment decisions through quality advice and superior service.
13. 13 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
2.2.5) The Sharekhan Way of Life:
People driven relationships
Growth driven
Values and ethics based
2.2.6) Sharekhan’s Beliefs and Expectations:
At Sharekhan people believe in and promote a culture that ….
Stimulates the employees drive to excel.
Nurture their entrepreneurial sprit by providing them exposure to
challenging work opportunities and imparting autonomy to function
effectively.
Enhancing transparency and trust, being non-discriminative to any
practice/procedure/system.
Acknowledges and rewards individual and team contribution through
appropriate rewards, recognition and compensation.
Builds a sense of ownership across the organization for adherence to risk
and compliance procedures amongst all employees and channel partners.
2.2.6) Service profile:
Broking in Equities and derivatives on NSE & BSE.
Depository Services.
Commodities Trading on MCX & NCDEX.
IPO Services.
Portfolio management services.
Distribution services.
Structured products with fixed returns.
2.2.7) Achievements and Awards:
Rated among the top 20 wired companies along with Reliance, HLL,
Infosys, etc by Business Today Jan 2004 edition.
Amongst the top 3 online trading websites from India most preferred
financial destination amongst online banking customers.
(Source: Net sense, an independent study of financial services in India)
14. 14 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Winner of “Best Financial Website Award. CHIP- Dishnet DSL Web
Awards.
India’s Most Preferred Broker award given to Sharekhan at the ‘Awaaz
Consumer Awards 2005’ in the “Stock Broking” category.
2.2.8) Area of Operation:
Growing network of share shops from Sharekhan.com to India’s largest chain of
branded retail share shops – 679 shops in 234 towns.
679 branded
share shops
across 234 cities
in India
India’s largest chain of branded
retail share shops
15. 15 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
2.2.9) Competitors Information:
Major Competitors & their Product and Services, Portfolios & Strategies
Competitors information & comparison
Reliance
Securities ltd
Sharekhan Angel Broking Motilal Oswal
Securities ltd
ICICI
Direct.Com
About
The
Broke
r
Reliance
Securities, A
Reliance
Capital Ltd
Company, is
the financial
services
division of
Reliance Anil
DhirubhaiAmb
ani (ADA)
Group.
RelianceADA
group is among
top 3 business
houses with
PAN India
presence.
Incorporated in
2000,Sharekhan is
India’s 2nd largest
stock broker
providing
brokerage
services through
its online trading
website
Sharekhan.com
and 1950 Share
shops which
include branches
& Franchises in
575 cities across
Angel Group
has emerged as
one of the top
3retail broking
houses in India.
Incorporated in
1987, it has
membership on
BSE, NSE and
the two leading
commodity
exchange in
India i.e.
NCDEX &
MCX.
Incorporated in
1987, it is a
well-diversified
financial
services firm
offering a range
of financial
products,
services such as
Wealth Mgt
Broking &
Distribution,
Commodity
Broking, &
Portfolio Mgt
Services.
It is an online
trading &
investment
platform on
ICICI
Securities, the
largest stock
broker firm in
India providing
a wide range of
investment
options to the
retail and
institutional
Customers. It is
part of ICICI
Group India.
Types
of
Broke
r
Full Service
Broker
Full Service
Broker
Full Service
Broker
Full Service
Broker
Full Service
Broker
16. 16 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Table Shows Stock Brokers fees or charges
Reliance
Securities
ltd
Sharekhan Angel
Broking
MotilalOswal
Securities ltd
Icici
Direct.Com
Trading
Account
opening
Fees
Rs
950(Free
for
individuals
working in
top 500
Companies
or Free for
Prepaid
accounts).
Rs 0 Rs 575 Nil Rs975
Trading
account
AMC
Rs 0 Rs 0 Rs 347 Nil Nil
Demat
Account
Opening
Fees
Nil Nil Rs 0 Nil Nil
Demat
Account
AMC
Rs 300 Rs 0 Rs 0 Rs 441 Rs 450
17. 17 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Table Shows Trading Brokerage charges
Reliance
Securities
ltd
Sharekhan Angel
Broking
MotilalOswal
Securities ltd
Icici
Direct.Com
Cm
Segment
Cash
delivery
0.40% 0.50% 0.40% to
0.10%
0.50% 0.55%
Cm
Segment
Cash
Intraday
0.03% 0.10% 0.04% to
0.01%
0.10% 0.275%
Margin
Trading _ _ _ _ 0.05% 0.03%
F&O
Segment
Futures
0.05% 0.10% 0.04% to
0.01%
0.10% 0.05% 0.03%
F&O
Segment
Options
Rs 70 per
Lot Rs 100 per
Lot
0.04% to
0.01%
Rs 100 per lot Rs 95 Rs 65
per Lot
Minimum
Brokerage
Charges
5paise per
share
10 paise per
share
_ _ Rs 25
18. 18 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Table Shows Research tips Reports published
Reliance
Securitie
s ltd
Sharekha
n
Angel
Brokin
g
MotilalOswa
l Securities
ltd
Icici
Direct.Co
m
Daily
Market
Reports
Free Tips
Quarterl
y Result
Analysis
News
Alerts
Table Shows Investment options available
Reliance
Securities
ltd
Sharekhan Angel
Broking
MotilalOswal
Securities ltd
Icici
Direct.
Com
Stock
Commodity
Currency
IPO
Mutual Funds
Bond
Debt
Other
Financial
Options
Life
Insurance,
General
_ _ _ Life
Insuran
ce,
General
19. 19 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Table Shows Customer Services Offered
Reliance
Securities
ltd
Sharekha
n
Angel
Brokin
g
MotilalOsw
al Securities
ltd
Icici
Direct.Co
m
Custome
r
Services
Email
Support
Online
Live
Chart
Phone
Support
Toll
Free
Number
20. 20 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Chapter -4
Introduction to the topic
21. 21 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
Technical analysis is the examination of past price movements to the
forecast future price movements. Technical analysts are sometimes referred to as
chartists because they rely almost exclusively on charts for their analysis.
Technical analysis is applicable to stocks, indices, commodities, futures or any
tradable instrument where the price is influenced by the forces of supply and
demand. Price refers to any combination of open high, low or closes for given
security over a specific timeframe. The timeframe can be used on intraday (tick, 5-
minute, 15-minute or hourly), daily, weekly, or monthly price data and last a few
hours or many years.
A method of evaluating securities by analyzing statistics generated by
market activity, such as past prices and volume. Technical analysts do not attempt
to measure a security's intrinsic value, but instead use charts to identify patterns
that can suggest future activity.
Technical analysts believe that the historical performance of stocks and
markets are indications of future performance. Technical analyst's belief that
securities move according to very predictable trends and patterns.
These trends continue until something happens to change the trend, and
until this change occurs, Technical analysis takes a completely different approach;
it doesn’t care one bit about the “value” of a company. Technicians (some time
called chartists) are only interested in the price movement in the market. Despite
all the fancy and exotic tools it employs, technical analysis really just studies
Supply and demand in a market in an attempt to determine what direction, or trend,
will continue in the future.
22. 22 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Assumptions of Technical analysis
1. The futures market discounts everything – The technician believes that
the price at any given time is intrinsic value based upon the fundamental
factors affecting the supply and demand of the product.
2. Prices move in trends – Prices can move in one of three directions up,
down or sideways. Once a trend in any of these directions is in effect, it
usually will persist. The market trend is simply the direction of market
prices, a concept which is absolutely essential to the success of technical
analysis.
3. History repeats itself - Technical analysis include the psychology of the
market place. Patterns of human behaviors have been identified and
categorized for several hundred years and are found to be repetitive in
nature. The repetitive nature of the market place is illustrated by specific
chart patterns, from which one can forecast the next move for the prices.
4. Supply and demand- The market value of the scrip is determined by the
interaction of the demand and supply.
TECHNICAL TOOLS
23. 23 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
1. MOVING AVERAGES
Most chart patterns show a lot of variation in price movement. This
can make it difficult for traders to get an idea of a security's overall trend.
One simple method traders use to combat this is to apply moving. A
moving average is the average price of a security over a set amount of time.
By plotting a security's average price, the price movement is smoothed out.
Once the day-to-day fluctuations are removed, traders are better able to
identify the true trend and increase the probability that it will work in their
favor.
Types of Moving Averages:
There are a number of different types of moving averages that vary
in the way they are calculated, but how each average is interpreted remains
the same. The calculations only differ in regards to the weighting that they
place on the price data, shifting from equal weighting of each price point to
more weight being placed on recent data. The three most common types of
moving averages are simple, linear, and exponential.
Simple Moving Average (SMA):
This is the most common method used to calculate the moving
average of prices. It simply takes the sum of all of the past closing prices
over the time period and divides the result by the number of prices used in
the calculation.
For example, in a 13-day moving average, the last 13 closing prices
are added together and then divided by 13. A trader is able to make the
average less responsive to changing prices by increasing the number of
periods used in the calculation. Increasing the number of time periods in the
calculation is one of the best ways to gauge the strength of the long-term
trend and the likelihood that it will reverse.
Many individuals argue that the usefulness of this type of average is
limited because each. Point in the data series has the same impact on the
result regardless of where it occurs in the sequence. The critics argue that
the most recent data is more important and, therefore, it should also have a
higher weighting. This type of criticism has been one of the main factors
leading to the invention of other forms of moving averages.
Chart No: 1
24. 24 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Linear Weighted Average:
This moving average indicator is the least common out of the three
and is used to address the problem of the equal weighting. The linear
weighted moving average is calculated by taking the sum of all the closing
prices over a certain time period and multiplying them by the position of
the data point and then dividing by the sum of the number of periods. For
example, in a five-day linear weighted average, today's closing price is
multiplied by five, yesterday's by four and so on until the first day in the
period range is reached. These numbers are then added together and
divided by the sum of the multipliers.
Exponential Moving Average:
This moving average calculation uses a smoothing factor to place a
higher weight on recent data points and is regarded as much more efficient
than the linear weighted average. Having an understanding of the
calculation is not generally required for most traders because most charting
packages do the calculation for you. The most important thing to remember
about the exponential moving average is that it is more responsive to new
information relative to the simple moving average. This responsiveness is
one of the key factors of why this is the moving average of choice among
many technical traders. As you can see in Figure 2, a 15-period EMA rises
and falls faster than a 15-period SMA. This slight difference doesn't seem
like much, but it is an important factor to be aware of since it can affect
returns.
.
2. Relative Strength Index:
25. 25 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Relative Strength Index (RSI) is a popular oscillator. It was first
introduced by Welles Wilder in an article in Commodities (now known as
Futures) Magazine in June, 1978.
The name "Relative Strength Index" is slightly misleading as the
Relative Strength Index does not compare the relative strength of two
securities, but rather the internal strength of a single security. A more
appropriate name might be "Internal Strength Index."
The RSI can be calculated for any number of days depending on the
wish of the technical analyst and the time frame of trading adopted in a
particular stock market. RSI can be calculated for 5, 7, 9 and 14 days. If the
time period taken for calculation is more, the possibility of getting wrong
signals is reduced. Reactionary sustained rise or fall in the price of the scrip
is foretold by the RSI.
The Relative Strength Index is a price-following oscillator that
ranges between 0 and 100. A popular method of analyzing the Relative
Strength Index is to look for a divergence in which the security is making a
new high, but the Relative Strength Index is failing to surpass its previous
high. This divergence is an indication of an impending reversal. When the
Relative Strength Index then turns down and falls below its most recent
trough, it is said to have completed a "failure swing." The failure swing is
considered a confirmation of the impending reversal.
The RSI measures the ratio of up-moves to down-moves and normalizes the
calculation so that the index is expressed in a range of 0-100. If the RSI is
70 or greater, then the instrument is assumed to be overbought (a situation
in which prices have risen more than market expectations). An RSI of 30 or
less is taken as a signal that the instrument may be oversold (a situation in
which prices have fallen more than the market expectations. The RSI
compares the magnitude of a stock's recent gains to the magnitude of its
recent losses and turns that information into a number that ranges from 0 to
100.
26. 26 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
In Mr. Welder’s book, he discusses five uses of the
Relative Strength Index:
1. Tops and Bottoms-The Relative Strength Index usually tops above 70 and
bottoms below 30. It usually forms these tops and bottoms before the
underlying price chart.
2. Chart Formations-The Relative Strength Index often forms chart patterns
such as head and shoulders or triangles that may or may not be visible on
the price chart.
3. Failure Swings-(also known as support or resistance penetrations or
breakouts). This is where the Relative Strength Index surpasses a previous
high (peak) or falls below a recent low (trough).
4. Support and Resistance -The Relative Strength Index shows, sometimes
more clearly than price themselves, levels of support and resistance.
5. Divergences- As discussed above, divergences occur when the price makes
a new high (or low) that is not confirmed by a new high (or low) in the
Relative Strength Index. Prices usually correct and move in the direction of
the Relative Strength Index.
27. 27 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Chapter-5
Analysis and data
interpretation
Table1: Calculation of Simple moving average
34. 34 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
CHARTS
INFOSYS(Simple Moving average):
INTERPRETATION:
Moving averages provides buy and sell signal. Above figure
shows the calculation of simple moving average (SMA) for 30 days.
Downward penetration of the rising average indicates the possibility of a
further fall and gives the sell signal. Upward penetration of a falling
average would indicate the possibility of the further rise and gives the buy
signal. From the above chart we came to know that in the month of
December 2016, was right time to buy the share of Infosys. And in the
month of January 2017, was right time to sell the shares because prices
were falling.
WIPRO (Simple Moving average) :
30-03-2017 1024.5 1021.147 515.95001 494.2017 453.2 469.295 2443.75 2481.292
31-03-22017 1020.79999 1021.85 515.70001 495.5467 452.95 468.555 2431.1 2482.057
35. 35 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
INTERPRETATION:
Moving averages provides buy and sell signal. Above figure
shows the calculation of simple moving average (SMA) for 30 days.
Downward penetration of the rising average indicates the possibility of a
further fall and gives the sell signal. Upward penetration of a falling
average would indicate the possibility of the further rise and gives the buy
signal. From the above chart we came to know that in the month of
December 2016, was right time to buy the shares of Wipro. And in the
month of February 2017, was right time to sell the shares.
MINDTREE (Simple Moving average):
36. 36 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
INTERPRETATION:
Moving averages provides buy and sell signal. Above figure
shows the calculation of simple moving average (SMA) for 30 days.
Downward penetration of the rising average indicates the possibility of a
further fall and gives the sell signal. Upward penetration of a falling
average would indicate the possibility of the further rise and gives the buy
signal. From the above chart we came to know that in the month of
December 2016, was right time to buy the shares of Mindtree. And in the
month of February 2017, was right time to sell the shares because prices
were falling.
TCS (Simple Moving average):
37. 37 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
INTERPRETATION:
Moving averages provides buy and sell signal. Above figure
shows the calculation of simple moving average (SMA) for 30 days.
Downward penetration of the rising average indicates the possibility of a
further fall and gives the sell signal. Upward penetration of a falling
average would indicate the possibility of the further rise and gives the buy
signal. From the above chart we came to know that in the month of
December 2016 was right time to buy the shares of TCS. And in the month
of February 2017 was right time to sell the shares because prices were
falling.
Table 2) Calculationof Relative Strength Index:
44. 44 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Interpretation
In the above chart RSI is calculated for 14 days. The Wilder rule, if RSI
crosses 70 there may be downturn & time to sell. If RSI falls below 30 it is time to
buy the share. Here in above chart if the line crosses 70 it shows sell signal & if the
line crosses below 30 it shows buy signal. In months of December 2016 and March
2017the RSI crosses above 70 so it is the time to sell. And in month of August,
November and February 2017 was right time to buy as RSI crossed below 30.
Wipro ( Relative Strength Index):
51. 51 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Interpretation
In the above chart RSI is calculated for 14 days. The Wilder rule, if RSI
crosses 70 there may be downturn & time to sell. If RSI falls below 30 it is time to
buy the share. Here in above chart if the line crosses 70 it shows sell signal & if the
line crosses below 30 it shows buy signal. In months of June, October 2016 And
March 2016 the RSI crosses above 70 so it is the time to sell. And in the month of
May, September ,November 2016 and February 2017 was right time to buy as RSI
has crossed below 30.
MINDTREE ( Relative Strength Index):
58. 58 KLE’s Institute of Management Studies and Research, Hubli
Interpretation
In the above chart RSI is calculated for 14 days. The Wilder rule, if RSI
crosses 70 there may be downturn & time to sell. If RSI falls below 30 it is time to
buy the share. Here in above chart if the line crosses 70 it shows sell signal & if the
line crosses below 30 it shows buy signal. In the month of July ,August ,December
2016 the RSI crosses above 70 so it is the time to sell. And in May, September,
November 2016 was right time to buy.
TCS ( Relative Strength Index):
Date TCS closing Change Gain Loss RS Value RSI
01-04-2016 2455.4