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Western media
coverage of Africa
Virgil Hawkins
Osaka School of International Public Policy (OSIPP)
Osaka University, Japan
Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo
2 March 2012
Today's session
●
Role of the media
●
Reporting the world
●
Reporting conflict
●
How does the media choose?
●
Internet?
Role of the media
• Role of the media in society
●
Provide information to and about society
●
Linking policymakers and public
• Role of the media in a democracy
●
Deliberation
●
Representation
●
Accountability (watchdog)
• Does this apply internationally?
●
Globalization
●
Tax money
●
Humanitarian interest/concern
Media coverage of the world
• Very little coverage
●
End of the Cold War
●
National frames
• Extremely selective coverage
●
Geographic/geopolitical/cultural slant
●
Africa always comes in last
• Chosen conflicts and stealth conflicts
●
Spotlight or blackout
Reporting (or not) the world
Coverage of regions in international news (2000)
• Other examples:
●
Yomiuri: 1 day Chile mining tragedy=
5 years coverage of conflict in DRC
●
Australian (2007): coverage of Israel-Palestine
> coverage of entire African continent
Africa Americas Asia Europe Mid. East
BBC 9% 25% 14% 34% 12%
CNN 6% 34% 22% 18% 14%
Le Monde 9% 16% 10% 43% 15%
New York Times 7% 20% 21% 30% 17%
Yomiuri 2% 23% 38% 24% 8%
Reporting (or not) conflict
US TV network coverage (hours): 2009
Angola
Rwanda
Afghanistan
Iraq
Somalia
Sierra Leone
Burundi
Darfur
Zaire
Liberia
Algeria
Ethiopia-Eritrea
Chechnya
Uganda
Philippines
Turkey
Nigeria
Gulf War
Azerbaijan
Bougainville
North-south Sudan
Kashmir
Colombia
Sri Lanka
Bosnia
Tajikistan
Côte d’Ivoire
Congo
Peru
Aceh
Myanmar
Nepal
Croatia
Kosovo
Kurdish Iraq
Southern Iraq
Chad
Israel-
Palestine
Democratic Republic of
Congo (DRC)
The DRC in perspective
Conflict death tolls
(1990-2007)
5,400,000 deaths
5,000 deaths
Important news: a one-day perspective
The Weekend Australian
7-8 January 2006
Iraq
Terrorism
Iran
Iraq
Syria
Terrorism
Celebrity/novelty
How does the media 'choose'?
• Why Darfur? Why Zimbabwe?
• Why not DRC?
• Some criteria?
●
National/political interest
●
Geographic proximity/access
●
Ability to identify
●
Ability to sympathise
●
Simplicity
●
Sensationalism
Internet as game changer?
• Audience
●
No longer a captive audience (foraging)
• Participant in newsmaking
●
Blogs, citizen journalism, Facebook, Twitter
• Enormous potential, but...
●
Elite media continue to dominate gathering
●
Audience still identifies with local events
●
Domestic watchdog: yes
●
Greater international interest: no

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Western Media Coverage of Africa - Prof. Virgil Hawkins - Osaka University - presentation at the Eduardo Mondlane University (Maputo - Mozambique)

  • 1. Western media coverage of Africa Virgil Hawkins Osaka School of International Public Policy (OSIPP) Osaka University, Japan Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo 2 March 2012
  • 2. Today's session ● Role of the media ● Reporting the world ● Reporting conflict ● How does the media choose? ● Internet?
  • 3. Role of the media • Role of the media in society ● Provide information to and about society ● Linking policymakers and public • Role of the media in a democracy ● Deliberation ● Representation ● Accountability (watchdog) • Does this apply internationally? ● Globalization ● Tax money ● Humanitarian interest/concern
  • 4. Media coverage of the world • Very little coverage ● End of the Cold War ● National frames • Extremely selective coverage ● Geographic/geopolitical/cultural slant ● Africa always comes in last • Chosen conflicts and stealth conflicts ● Spotlight or blackout
  • 5. Reporting (or not) the world Coverage of regions in international news (2000) • Other examples: ● Yomiuri: 1 day Chile mining tragedy= 5 years coverage of conflict in DRC ● Australian (2007): coverage of Israel-Palestine > coverage of entire African continent Africa Americas Asia Europe Mid. East BBC 9% 25% 14% 34% 12% CNN 6% 34% 22% 18% 14% Le Monde 9% 16% 10% 43% 15% New York Times 7% 20% 21% 30% 17% Yomiuri 2% 23% 38% 24% 8%
  • 6. Reporting (or not) conflict US TV network coverage (hours): 2009
  • 7. Angola Rwanda Afghanistan Iraq Somalia Sierra Leone Burundi Darfur Zaire Liberia Algeria Ethiopia-Eritrea Chechnya Uganda Philippines Turkey Nigeria Gulf War Azerbaijan Bougainville North-south Sudan Kashmir Colombia Sri Lanka Bosnia Tajikistan Côte d’Ivoire Congo Peru Aceh Myanmar Nepal Croatia Kosovo Kurdish Iraq Southern Iraq Chad Israel- Palestine Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) The DRC in perspective Conflict death tolls (1990-2007) 5,400,000 deaths 5,000 deaths
  • 8. Important news: a one-day perspective The Weekend Australian 7-8 January 2006 Iraq Terrorism Iran Iraq Syria Terrorism Celebrity/novelty
  • 9. How does the media 'choose'? • Why Darfur? Why Zimbabwe? • Why not DRC? • Some criteria? ● National/political interest ● Geographic proximity/access ● Ability to identify ● Ability to sympathise ● Simplicity ● Sensationalism
  • 10. Internet as game changer? • Audience ● No longer a captive audience (foraging) • Participant in newsmaking ● Blogs, citizen journalism, Facebook, Twitter • Enormous potential, but... ● Elite media continue to dominate gathering ● Audience still identifies with local events ● Domestic watchdog: yes ● Greater international interest: no