This document discusses cmi5, a new eLearning standard that bridges the gaps between SCORM and xAPI. Cmi5 defines a common set of verbs and rules for structuring xAPI statements to ensure interoperability across systems. It includes capabilities for structured content launches, wider session structures, and controlling exit behavior. The document outlines cmi5's overlaps with SCORM and xAPI, previews a cmi5 prototype player and conformance test suite under development through Project CATAPULT, and encourages adoption of cmi5.

1. Another learning standard?
Where cmi5 fits with SCORM and xAPI
Chris Tompkins & George Vilches
xAPI Party - Spring 2021

2. What we will be talking about
● Understand what cmi5 is
● How it bridges the gap between SCORM
and xAPI
● The state of cmi5 adoption today
● Preview the cmi5 tools and conformance
test suite currently under development
with Project CATAPULT

3. About Rustici Software
eLearning technology experts since 2002
We help connect content and platforms across the eLearning ecosystem,
leveraging our expertise in SCORM, xAPI, cmi5, LTI, and AICC.
450+
Vendors that use Rustici
Software in their product
1,500+
Paid SCORM Cloud customers,
plus thousands using free trial
80+
Organizations and government
agencies that contract direct

4. What is this new standard called cmi5?
● It’s still xAPI! cmi5 is an “xAPI profile”
● To use xAPI, you need an extra set
of rules (a profile)!
● AUs and Block, like AICC
● cmi5 has a “defined” set of verbs
1. Launched
2. Initialized
3. Terminated
4. Passed
5. Completed
6. Failed
7. Abandoned
8. Waived
9. Satisfied

5. SCORM vs xAPI vs cmi5 overlaps
Feature SCORM xAPI cmi5
“Player-like” UI Experience ✅ ❌ ✅
Well-defined launches ✅ ❌ ✅
A manifest ✅
imsmanifest.xml
❌
(tincan.xml)
✅
cmi5.xml
Multiple modules in a package ✅ ❌ ✅
Multiple distinctive launches ✅ ❌ ✅
Active learner “sessions” ✅ ❌ ✅
Sequencing ✅ ❌ ❌ (1)
Rollup ✅ ❌ ❌ (1)
Access learner data outside course ❌ ✅ ✅
Idempotency of learner data ❌ ✅ ✅
Extensions / custom learner data ❌ ✅ ✅

6. Beyond SCORM and xAPI
cmi5 also includes these capabilities beyond SCORM and xAPI
● Structured launch capabilities outside an LMS
● Wider “session” structure
● Firmer profile control to improve “Big 4” reporting
● Waiving, with structured tracking
● Control of exit behavior
● Launch remote content inside an LMS context

7. Verbiage
Most cmi5 verbs help represent actions or states in SCORM
cmi5 (LMS / AU) SCORM Command SCORM Key / Value
Launched* (L) LMSSetValue() / SetValue() “cmi.core.entry”
Initialized (A) LMSInitialize() / Initialize() --
Passed / Completed / Failed (A) LMSSetValue() / SetValue() “cmi.core.lesson_status” /
“cmi.completion_status” /
“cmi.success_status”
Terminated (A) LMSFinish() / Terminate() --
Abandoned (L) LMSSetValue() / SetValue() “adl.nav.request”
Waived (L) -- --
Satisfied (L) -- --

8. cmi5 is the glue that holds it together
● cmi5 is specially designed for the
LMS use case.
● xAPI is too flexible. Without
consistency across systems,
interoperability is lost.
● cmi5 ensures plug and play
interoperability.

9. Let’s see cmi5 in action
LRS
LMS
Create
course
package
Enroll
learner
in course
Learner
interacts
with AU
Author
Admin
Learner
LMS sets AU
launch
parameters
LMS sends
statements to
the LRS
Learner
launches
learning
AU retrieves launch
parameters
AU sends
statements to LRS

10. Adding “cmi5 defined” and “cmi5 allowed”
Use the Actor the LMS provides
ID and timestamp must come from the AU
“result” objects has lots of rules
cmi5 uses extensions on purpose
Structuring an xAPI statement for cmi5

11. cmi5 loves results!
{
"version": "1.0.0",
"verb": {
"id":
"http://adlnet.gov/expapi/v
erbs/passed",
...
},
"result": {
"score": {
"scaled": 1,
"raw": 40,
"min": 0,
"max": 40
},
"success": true,
"duration": "PT0H0M32S"
},
...
}
Verb (LMS/AU) “score” .* “success” “completion” “duration”
Launched (L) ❌ ❌ ❌ MAY
Initialized (A) ❌ ❌ ❌ MAY
Passed (A) MAY MUST (true) ❌ MUST
Failed (A) MAY MUST (false) ❌ MUST
Completed (A) ❌ ❌ MUST (true) MUST
Waived (L) ❌ MUST (true) MUST (true) MAY
Abandoned (L) ❌ ❌ ❌ MUST
Terminated (A) ❌ ❌ ❌ MUST
Satisfied (L) ❌ ❌ ❌ MAY

12. Anatomy of a cmi5 statement
{
"id": "fd85910e-b4d7-4b33-9859-de1a8104293a",
"timestamp": "2018-09-05T13:44:39.000Z",
"actor": {...},
"verb": {...},
"object": {
"id": "https://www2.virtualtrainingassistant.com/demo/8E632B45580E",
...
},
"result": {...},
"context": {
"registration": "676437af-c6b2-4619-9043-096de04ad996",
"contextActivities": {
"grouping": [
{
"objectType": "Activity",
"id": "https://presentations.scorm.com/EFE02C21-56AC-41A2-AE5A-9600275A6A00/presentation"
}
],
"category": [
{
"objectType": "Activity",
"id": "https://w3id.org/xapi/cmi5/context/categories/cmi5"
}
]
},
"extensions": {
"https://w3id.org/xapi/cmi5/context/extensions/sessionid": "1519",
"https://w3id.org/xapi/cmi5/context/extensions/masteryscore": 0.8
}
}
}
Required for all
cmi5 statements
(“defined” or
“allowed”)
Required for cmi5
“defined”
statements only

13. State of cmi5 adoption today
How’s cmi5 adoption looking so far?
6
Content authoring products
who have implemented cmi5
??
Tested on the cmi5
conformance test suite
6
LMS products who have
implemented cmi5
https://aicc.github.io/CMI-5_Spec_Current/adoption/ https://aicc.github.io/CMI-5_Spec_Current/adoption/ Coming this Fall!

14. Project CATAPULT overview
cmi5 Advanced Testing Application and
Player Underpinning Learning Technologies
12-month project that includes:
● Open Source cmi5 player Prototype
● cmi5 conformance test suite to test content
and platform conformance
● Sample cmi5 course templates
● Best practice guides and documentation for
implementing the tools

15. Project CATAPULT: Expected outcomes
Accelerate the adoption of cmi5 and xAPI
● Enable organizations to develop and implement cmi5
● Offer course creators options for migrating legacy content
● Provide resources to vendors and industry members to incorporate
support for cmi5 in their products
● Support procurement by providing a mechanism to validate existing
products and applications

16. Project CATAPULT: Prototype review

17. What’s next?
Adopt cmi5
● Assess where you are with cmi5 and determine where it fits with your plans
● Start having open conversations on where cmi5 fits in your existing tools in your
ecosystem
● Request your vendors to add cmi5 in their product roadmap and ask when will they have
support for cmi5
Follow along with Project CATAPULT
● Join the upcoming ADL webinars and follow xAPI.com blog for updates
● If you’re interested in working on the spec, join the cmi5 working group

18. Resources
Subscribe to the xAPI blog
● https://xapi.com/blog/
Keep up-to-date on Project CATAPULT
● https://adlnet.gov/projects/cmi5-CATAPULT/
Visit ADL’s cmi5 page and xapi.com’s cmi5 page for more background
● https://adlnet.gov/projects/cmi5-standard/ and https://xapi.com/cmi5/
View ADL’s cmi5 resources
● https://adlnet.gov/resources/cmi5-resources/
Join the cmi5 weekly working group
● http://aicc.github.io/CMI-5_Spec_Current/

19. Questions? Ask us anything.
Email us: info@rusticisoftware.com
Learn more: rusticisoftware.com | scorm.com | xapi.com