2. Definition
âą Chest physiotherapy (CPT) is a group of
therapies for mobilizing pulmonary secretions.
These therapies include chest percussion,
vibration and postural drainage.
âą CPT is followed by productive coughing or
suctioning of a patient who has a decreased
ability to cough.
âą This is especially helpful for patients with large
amount of secretions or ineffective cough.
3. Chest Physiotherapy
The goals of CPT are :
-To move bronchial secretions to the central
airways via gravity,
-External manipulation of the chest, and to
eliminate secretions by cough or aspiration
with a catheter.
Improved mobilization of bronchial secretions contributes
to improved ventilation-perfusion matching and the
normalization of the functional residual capacity.
4. 1. Airway clearance techniques
2. Facilitating airway clearance
technique with effective coughing
techniques
3. Technique to facilitate ventilation
pattern
4. Mobilization and Exercises
5. 1. Postural drainage
2. Percussion
3. Vibration/shaking
4. Manual hyperinflation
5. Active cycle of breathing technique
6. Autogenic drainage
7. Positive expiratory pressure
8. High frequency chest compression
9. Exercises for airway clearance
6. 1.Postural drainage
It is getting in positions that make it easier for
mucus to drain. Chest physiotherapy is gently
"clapping" parts of the body to remove mucus
from the lungs. They are often used together in
conditions such as cystic fibrosis or a spinal cord
injury (SCI) to help loosen and remove mucus
from the lungs. When mucus collects in your
lungs, it increases your risk for lung infections,
such as pneumonia.
8. 1. Intracranial pressure (ICP) > 20 mm Hg
2. Head and neck injury until stabilized
3. Active hemorrhage with hemodynamic instability
4. Recent spinal surgery (e.g .âą laminectomy) or acute spinal
injury
5. Active hemoptysis Empyema
6. Bronchopleural fistula
7. Large pleural effusions
8. Pulmonary embolism
9. Aged, confused, or anxious patients
10. Rib fracture. with or without flail chest
11. Surgical wound or healing tissue
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12.
13. Following are general instructions for chest physiotherapy
and postural drainage.
ï· Be sure your back is covered. Wear a shirt or blouse, or
cover your back with a towel.
ï· Hold each position for 5 minutes to help the mucus drain
from your lungs.
ï· For each position, your caregiver claps your back quickly
and rhythmically.
ï· When your caregiver claps, you should hear a hollow
sound. If you hear a slapping, the hand is not cupped
enough.
ï· Do not clap over the spine.
41. Hyperinflation therapy (HIT) is a very
common therapy performed on patients who
are suffering from some sort of respiratory
distress. The therapy involves applying
volumes greater than normal to re inflate the
collapsed alveoli in the lungs. There are many
different techniques used to administer
hyperinflation therapy. The respiratory
therapist typically decides which method is
best for each patient.
43. Autogenic drainage is a respiratory self-drainage
technique that utilizes controlled expiatory airflow
(tidal breathing) to mobilize secretions. It consists of
three phases:
1.Loosening peripheral secretions by breathing at low
lung volumes (slow, deep air movement)
2.Collecting secretions from central airways by
breathing at low to middle lung volumes
(slow, mid-range air movement)
3.Expelling secretions from the central airways by
breathing at mid to high lung volumes (shallow air
movements)
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51.
52. 1. Body positioning
2. Breathing technique
3. Mobilizing the thorax
4. Facilitating the accessory
muscles of respiration
53. 1. Standing upright position
2. Erect sitting (self supported or with assist) with feet
moving (e.g., active, active assisted or passive cycling
motion)
3. Erect silting (self-supported or with assist) with feet
dependent
4. Lean forward sitting with arms supported and feet
dependent
5. 24S degree sitting with legs dependent
6. Erect long sitting (legs non dependent)
7. < 4S degrees sitting (legs non dependenl)
8. Prone and semi prone/side lying
9. Supine
