The document discusses the challenges of reconciliation in post-conflict societies and some key aspects of the reconciliation process. It notes that reconciliation aims to re-establish relationships between divided groups, address casualties and human rights violations from the conflict, and prevent future conflicts. Reconciliation is defined as building new relationships and trust between rival groups. Truth commissions have been established to investigate the truth of past conflicts and make recommendations to further the reconciliation process. Examples discussed include South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission and Sri Lanka's Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission. The conclusion emphasizes that reconciliation must be implemented independently to sustainably achieve peace and harmony in divided societies.

2. Stages of a Conflict

4. Challengers of a post conflict society
• How to re-establish relationships between divided
groups.
• What are the action to be taken about casualties,
victims and offenders.
• How to prevent future conflicts .
• How to remove the disregard and disrespect among
the rival groups.
• How to achieve sustainable and long lasting peace.

6. What is Reconciliation ?
As there is no universally agreed
definition it may be different to various
conditions.
In the context of conflict studies the
theory of reconciliation was developed by John
Paul Lederach. In 1997 he explained about
reconciliation on his publication of Sustainable
Reconciliation in divided societies.

7. He defines it as below
• Building new relationship among rival
groups.
• Reconciliation is a meeting ground where
trust and mercy have met, and where justice
and peace have kissed.

8. Other Definitions
• Reconciliation is a process through which a
society moves from a divided past to shared
future.
( IDEA )

9. Key features of reconciliation
• Reconciliation comes with Liberal peace
building.
• Reconciliation contains a goal and a process.
• It is a deep and a broad process.
• It is a long tram process.
• There is no single theory for reconciliation.
• Reconciliation is a process towards empathy.

11. International Engagement
• International community may facilitate the reconciliation
process , but they should not demand what cannot be
done.
• International support must be based on a realistic
assessment of what is politically, financially, and socially
possible.
• Sustainable reconciliation process must be home grown.
• International peacemakers and facilitators must not tend
to advocate rushed approaches to reconciliation.
• International community mey support to achieve justice.

12. Truth Commissions
• Truth commissions have established to find out the truth
about the past and make recommendations to their
reconciliation process .
• They are temporary bodies, usually in operation for one
or two years.
• They are non-judicial bodies that enjoy a measure of de
jure independence.
• They submit a report with conclusions and
recommendations
• Focus on human rights and humanitarian norms as well.

13. TRC – South Africa
• The Ruth and Reconciliation committee that
consisted 18 civil actionists which was appointed by
Nelson Mandela paved the path to a peaceful future
against the apartheid past. The committee
uncovered south African tearful past under the
apartheid government and decided to forgive that
past for the future brightness.

14. LLRC – Sri Lanka

15. Resolutions of LLRC
• Re-establish the rule of law.
• The need for devolution of powers.
• The language policy.
• Education ( Equal opportunities ).
• People to people contact.
• The Diaspora
• Develop cultural relationships.

16. My Resolutions
• The development of infrastructure.
• Enhance the connectivity.
• Two house legislative system.
• A Social agreement against racism.

17. Conclusion
Reconciliation process should
implement independently. Politician
must not use reconciliation process to
accomplish their targets. They must
implement it to re-establish sustainable
peace and harmony in a divided society.

18. THANK YOU