Introduction to Windows 10 with Installation Process By - Ruchika Deepak Sawant From - Muchhala Polytechnic, Thane Third Year Diploma in Computer Engineering (2020-2021)

1. OPERATING SYSTEM
M I C R O S O F T W I N D O W S 1 0

2. CONTENTS
• WHAT IS OPERATING SYSTEM
• HISTORY OF OS
• TYPES OF OS
• MICROSOFT
• MICROSOFT WINDOWS
• HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF
WINDOWS
• VERSIONS OF WINDOWS OS
• MICROSOFT WINDOWS 10
• SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
• LANGUAGE VERSIONS
• FEATURE DEPRECATIONS &
REMOVALS
• FEATURES
• ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
• APPLICATIONS

3. WHAT IS AN
OPERATING SYSTEM?
•An operating system is the most important software that runs on a
computer. It manages the computer's memory and processes, as well
as all of its software and hardware. It also allows you
to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak
the computer's language. Without an operating system, a computer
is useless.
•An operating system (OS) is system software that
manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides
common services for computer programs.
•An Operating System (OS) is an interface between a computer user
and computer hardware. An operating system is a software which
performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory
management, process management, handling input and output, and
controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.

4. DEFINITION
An operating system is a program that acts as an
interface between the user and the computer
hardware and controls the execution of all kinds of
programs.

5. HISTORY OF OS
• Operating systems were first developed in the late 1950s to
manage tape storage
• The General Motors Research Lab implemented the first OS
in the early 1950s for their IBM 701
• In the mid-1960s, operating systems started to use disks
• In the late 1960s, the first version of the Unix OS was
developed
• The first OS built by Microsoft was DOS. It was built in 1981
by purchasing the 86-DOS software from a Seattle company
• The present-day popular OS Windows first came to existence
in 1985 when a GUI was created and paired with MS-DOS.

6. TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
Batch OS
Distributed OS
Multitasking OS
Network OS
Real-OS
Mobile OS

7. MICROSOFT
• Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation which
produces computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and
related services. Its best known software products are the Microsoft
Windows line of operating systems. Microsoft ranked No. 21 in the 2020 Fortune
500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue; it was
the world's largest software maker by revenue as of 2016. It is considered one
of the Big Five companies in the U.S. information technology industry, along
with Google, Apple, Amazon, and Facebook.
• Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on April 4, 1975, to develop
and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800. It rose to dominate the personal
computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by
Microsoft Windows. Since the 1990s, it has increasingly diversified from the
operating system market and has made a number of corporate acquisitions,
their largest being the acquisition of LinkedIn for $26.2 billion in December
2016, followed by their acquisition of Skype Technologies for $8.5 billion in May
2011. As of 2015, Microsoft is market-dominant in the IBM PC
compatible operating system market and the office software suite market,
although it has lost the majority of the overall operating system market
to Android.

8. MICROSOFT WINDOWS
• Microsoft Windows, commonly referred to as Windows, is a group of
several proprietary graphical operating system families, all of which are developed and marketed
by Microsoft.
• Active Microsoft Windows families include Windows NT and Windows IoT; these may encompass
subfamilies, (e.g. Windows Server or Windows Embedded Compact) (Windows CE). Defunct
Microsoft Windows families include Windows 9x, Windows Mobile and Windows Phone.
• Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a
graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user
interfaces (GUIs). Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer (PC) market
with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984.
• Microsoft created the Windows operating system in the mid-1980s. There have been many different
versions of Windows, but the most recent ones are Windows 10 (released in 2015), Windows
8 (2012), Windows 7 (2009), and Windows Vista (2007). Windows comes pre-loaded on most new
PCs, which helps to make it the most popular operating system in the world.

9. History and
Development of
Windows
• It was 1983 when work on “Interface
Manager” was started by Microsoft but it
was in November 1995, when the first
Windows 1.0 was introduced. Later on, with
developments in technology, the
requirement of the people and increased
demand for Graphical User Interface,
Microsoft kept releasing revised versions of
Operating Systems.

10. Versions of Windows Operating System
• 1. Windows 1.0
• It was released on November 20, 1985
• Pure Operating Environment
• Used Graphical User Interface
• Simple Graphics
• Offered limited multi-tasking was expected to have a better future potential
• 2. Windows 2.0
• It was released on December 9, 1987
• 16-bit Graphic User Interface (GUI) based operating environment
• Introduced Control Panel, and the first version of MS Word and Excel
• Unlike Windows 1.0, it had the capacity to allow applications to overlap each other
• It was also the last Windows OS which did not require a hard disk
• Hardware played an important role

11. 3. Windows 3.0
•It was released in 1990
•It was better at multitasking
•Used 8086 microprocessors
•It has both, conventional and extendable memory
•First version of Windows to gather critical appreciation
•Better memory/ storage
4. Window 95
• It was the first complete Operating System released on August 15, 1995.
•It was It merged MS-DOS and Windows products
•It simplified plug and play features
•Taskbar and Start menu was introduced with this Windows OS
•Advanced from 16 bit GUI to 32 bit GUI
•Long file names could be saved
•Initially, computers with Windows 95 did not have Internet Explorer installed but by
the release date of Windows 95, the first version of Internet Explorer was installed in
the software
•On December 31, 2001, Windows declared this version of OS outdated and ended
its support for the same

12. 5. Windows 98
•It was released to manufacturing on May 15, 1998
•It was a 16 bit and 32 bit product based on MS DOS
•It was not an entirely new version but just a tuned-up version to Windows 95
•Internet Explorer 4.01 was released along with this Windows version
•It did not support USB printers or mass storage devices
•An update to this version “Windows SE” was released in 1999
6. Windows 2000
•It was officially released on February 17, 2000. However, its manufacturing had
begun in late 1999
•A core set of features was followed for manufacturing Windows 2000 but 4
different editions, targeting different sectors of the market were released. These
included: Server, Professional, Advanced Server and Datacenter Server
•It was considered as one of the most secure OS ever
•A local disk manager was introduced with these Windows
•Multilingual User Interface – it supported many different languages

13. 7. Windows XP
•While the manufacturing started on August 24, 2001, the official product was released on October 25,
2001
•Advanced portable PC support
•Automatic wireless connection support
•Fast start-up
•Better Graphical User Interface (GUI)
•Help and support centre
8. Windows Vista
•It was released on January 30, 2007
•It had an upgraded version of Graphical User Interface
•It was the first operating system to use DVD-ROM for installation
9. Windows 7
• It was released on October 22, 2009
•A large number of new features were introduced
•Redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar
•Incremental upgrade to the Windows line
•Libraries were added in the file management system
• A few features from the past Windows were removed and Extended hardware support

14. 10. Windows 8
•It was released for retail on October 26, 2012
•Optimisations for touch-based
•Installed in new devices like Laptops, Mobile phones, tablets, etc.
•Increased integration with cloud services
•Windows Store service for software distribution
•Task manager had been redesigned
•New security features were introduced
•Online Applications could be directly downloaded
11. Windows 10
•It was released on July 29, 2015
•Addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8
•A virtual desktop system
•It had the ability to run windows store apps within windows on the desktop rather than in the
full-screen mode
•Included new icons
•To reduce storage shortcomings, Windows 10 automatically compresses the file size

15. Microsoft
Windows 10
Windows 10 is the latest version
of Microsoft's operating system.
It includes new innovations,
features and security capabilities.

16. •Windows 10 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It is the
successor to Windows 8.1, which was released nearly two years earlier, and itself was released
to manufacturing on July 15, 2015, and broadly released for the general public on July
29, 2015.[17] Windows 10 was made available for download via MSDN and TechNet, as a free
upgrade for retail copies of Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 users via the Windows Store, and
to Windows 7 users via Windows Update. Windows 10 receives new builds on an ongoing basis, which
are available at no additional cost to users, in addition to additional test builds of Windows 10, which
are available to Windows Insiders. Devices in enterprise environments can receive these updates at
a slower pace, or use long-term support milestones that only receive critical updates, such
as security patches, over their ten-year lifespan of extended support.
•Windows 10 received mostly positive reviews upon its original release. Critics praised
Microsoft's decision to provide a desktop-oriented interface in line with previous versions of
Windows, contrasting the tablet-oriented approach of Windows 8, although Windows 10's touch-
oriented user interface mode was criticized for containing regressions upon the touch-
oriented interface of its predecessor. Critics also praised the improvements to Windows 10's bundled
software over Windows 8.1, Xbox Live integration, as well as the functionality and capabilities of
the Cortana personal assistant and the replacement of Internet Explorer with Microsoft Edge. However,
media outlets have been critical of the changes to operating system
behaviors, including mandatory update installation, privacy concerns over data collection performed
by the OS for Microsoft and its partners, and adware-esque tactics used to promote the operating
system on its release.

17. RELEASE
AND MARKETING
• On June 1, 2015, Microsoft announced that Windows
10 would be released on July 29. On July 20, 2015
Microsoft began "Upgrade Your World", an advertising
campaign centering on Windows 10, with the premiere
of television commercials in Australia, Canada, France,
Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United
States. The commercials focused on the tagline "A more
human way to do", emphasizing new features and
technologies supported by Windows 10 that sought to
provide a more "personal" experience to users. The
campaign culminated with launch events in thirteen
cities on July 29, 2015, which celebrated "the
unprecedented role our biggest fans played in the
development of Windows 10".

18. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
Latest OS: Make sure
you're running the
latest version—either
Windows 7 SP1 or
Windows 8.1 Update.
Processor: 1
gigahertz (GHz) or
faster processor or
SoC
RAM: 1 gigabyte (GB)
for 32-bit or 2 GB for
64-bit
Hard disk space: 16
GB for 32-bit OS or 20
GB for 64-bit OS
Graphics
card: DirectX 9 or
later with WDDM 1.0
driver
Display: 800 x 600

19. FEATURE-
SPECIFIC
REQUIREMENTS
FOR WINDOWS
10
BitLocker Drive Encryption (available with Windows 10 Pro or Windows 10 Enterprise only)
requires a Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 1.2 or higher and Trusted Computing Group (TCG)-
compliant BIOS or UEFI. BitLocker can be used on devices without TPM, but you will need to
save a startup key on a removable device such as a USB flash drive. TPM 2.0 and InstantGo
support is required when you want to automatically encrypt the local drive when joining a device
to Azure Active Directory (AAD). Check with your PC manufacturer to confirm if your device
supports the correct TPM version and InstantGo for the scenario you want to enable.
BitLocker To Go requires a USB flash drive (available in Windows 10 Pro and Windows 10
Enterprise only).
Client Hyper-V requires a 64-bit system with second level address translation (SLAT) capabilities
and additional 2 GB of RAM (available in Windows 10 Pro and Windows 10 Enterprise only).
Cortana is only currently available on Windows 10 for the United States, United Kingdom, China,
France, Italy, Germany, Brazil, Mexico, Japan, Canada, Spain, Australia and India.
Microsoft account is required for some features.

20. Miracast requires a display
adapter which supports Windows
Display Driver Model (WDDM)
1.3, and a Wi-Fi adapter that
supports Wi-Fi Direct.
Movies & TV application is not
available in all regions. For the
most up-to-date list of regions,
please go to the Movies & TV
information page.
Secure boot requires firmware
that supports UEFI v2.3.1 Errata
B and has the Microsoft
Windows Certification Authority
in the UEFI signature database.
Skype is available only in select
countries and regions. Calling to
select countries and regions
only. Excludes special, premium
and non-geographic numbers.
For details, visit the Office FAQ
page.
Snap: The number of
applications that can be snapped
will depend upon the minimum
resolution for the application with
a limit of two applications in
Tablet mode and four
applications in Desktop mode.
Speech recognition will vary by
device microphone. For a better
speech experience, you will
need a:
High fidelity microphone array
Hardware driver with microphone
array geometry exposed

21. Tablet mode is available on tablets
and 2-in-1s with GPIO indicators
or those that have a laptop and
slate indicator will be able to be
configured to enter "tablet mode"
automatically.
Touch: To use touch, you need a
tablet or a monitor that supports
multi-touch.
Two-factor authentication requires
the use of a PIN, Biometric (finger
print reader or illuminated infrared
camera), or a phone with Wi-Fi or
Bluetooth capabilities.
Windows Hello requires a camera
configured for near infrared (IR)
imaging or fingerprint reader for
biometric authentication. Devices
without biometric sensors can use
Windows Hello with a PIN or a
portable Microsoft compatible
security key.
Xbox application requires an Xbox
Live account, which is not
available in all regions. For the
most up-to-date list of regions,
please go to Xbox Live Countries
and Regions website.
Wi-Fi Direct Printing requires a
Wi-Fi adapter that supports Wi-Fi
Direct and a device that supports
Wi-Fi Direct Printing.

22. LANGUAGE VERSIONS
• Windows 10 full localization languages include: Arabic (Saudi Arabia), Bulgarian
(Bulgaria), Chinese (PRC), Chinese (Taiwan), Croatian (Croatia), Czech (Czech
Republic), Danish (Denmark), Dutch (Netherlands), English (United Kingdom),
English (United States), Estonian (Estonia), Finnish (Finland), French (France), French
(Canada), German (Germany), Greek (Greece), Hebrew (Israel), Hungarian
(Hungary), Italian (Italy), Japanese (Japan), Korean (Korea), Latvian (Latvia),
Lithuanian (Lithuania), Norwegian, Bokmål (Norway), Polish (Poland), Portuguese
(Brazil), Portuguese (Portugal), Romanian (Romania), Russian (Russia), Serbian
(Latin, Serbia), Slovak (Slovakia), Slovenian (Slovenia), Spanish (Spain), Spanish
(Mexico), Swedish (Sweden), Thai (Thailand), Turkish (Turkey), Ukrainian (Ukraine).

23. FEATURE
DEPRECATIONS
AND REMOVALS
When upgrading to Windows 10 from a
previous version of Windows such as
Windows 7 or Windows 8.1 as well as
when installing a newer update to
Windows 10, some features may be
deprecated or removed. Please see below
for information regarding some of the key
removed features:

24. Desktop Messaging App: The messaging app on Desktop has a sync feature that can be used to sync SMS text
messages received from Windows Mobile and keep a copy of them on the Desktop. Starting with the May 2019
Update (Windows 10, version 1903), the sync feature has been removed from all devices. Due to this change, you
will only be able to access messages from the device that received the message.
Wi-Fi WEP and TKIP: Starting with the May 2019 Update (Windows 10, version 1903), a warning message will
appear when connecting to Wi-Fi networks secured with WEP or TKIP, which are not as secure as those using
WPA2 or WPA3.
Cortana: Cortana has been updated and enhanced in the Windows 10 May 2020 Update (Windows 10, version
2004). With these changes, some previously available consumer skills such as music, connected home, and third-
party skills will no longer be available.
Phone Companion: As of the October 2018 Update (Windows 10, version 1809), it is removed from your PC.
Use the Phone page in the Settings app to sync your mobile phone with your PC. It includes all the Phone
Companion features.
Home Group: Home Group was removed starting with the April 2018 Update (Windows 10, version 1803), but you
still have the ability to share printers, files, and folders. When you update from an earlier version of Windows 10,
you won’t see Home Group in File Explorer, the Control Panel, or Troubleshoot (Settings > Update & Security >
Troubleshoot). Any printers, files, and folders you shared using Home Group will continue to be shared. Instead
of using Home Group, you can now share printers, files, and folders by using features that are built into Windows
10:
Share your network printers and Share files in File Explorer

25. People app: In Windows 10, the People app shows mail from Microsoft 365 contacts and contacts from your school or work
organization under Conversations. Starting with the April 2018 Update (Windows 10, version 1803), in order to see new mail
in the People app from these specific contacts, you need to be online, and you need to have signed in with either a Microsoft
365 account or, for work or school organization accounts, through the Mail, People, or Calendar apps. Please be aware that
you’ll only see mail for work and school organization accounts and some Microsoft 365 accounts.
Reader app: The Reader app was removed from Windows 10 starting with the Fall Creators Update (Windows 10, version
1709). For reading PDF files, Microsoft Edge is the recommended replacement app and offers similar functionality as well as
additional features including improved accessibility support, improved Inking, and support for AskCortana. Similarly,
Windows XPS Viewer is recommended when reading XPS files and Windows Photos app for viewing TIFF files. Note that
users of earlier Windows 10 versions can continue using the Reader app.
Windows Journal: Windows Journal was removed starting with the Windows 10 Anniversary Update (Windows 10, version
1607). After Windows Journal is removed, you will no longer be able to open or edit Journal files (with .JNT or .JTP
extensions). In place of Windows Journal, we encourage you to switch to OneNote. If you need to open or edit your journal
files, more information is available here.
Windows Media Digital Rights Management (WMDRM): WMDRM is no longer supported starting with the Windows 10
Anniversary Update (Windows 10, version 1607). You are no longer able to play music or video files that were protected by
this rights management technology.

26. The following changes impact devices that are upgrading to Windows 10 from
Windows 7, Windows 8 or Windows 8.1:

27. Windows Media Center: If you have
Windows 7 Home Premium,
Windows 7 Professional, Windows 7
Ultimate, Windows 8 Pro with Media
Center, or Windows 8.1 Pro with
Media Center and you install
Windows 10, Windows Media Center
will be removed.
Mobile Device Management (MDM):
MDM functionality will not be
available in Windows 10 Home
edition.
Windows 7 desktop gadgets: These
will be removed as part of installing
Windows 10.
Solitaire, Minesweeper, and Hearts
Games: These games that came
pre-installed on Windows 7 will be
removed as part of installing the
Windows 10 upgrade. Microsoft has
released our version of Solitaire and
Minesweeper called the "Microsoft
Solitaire Collection" and "Microsoft
Minesweeper".
Floppy drives: If you have a floppy
drive, you will need to download the
latest driver from Windows Update or
from the manufacturer’s website.
If you have Windows Live Essentials
installed on your system, the
OneDrive application is removed and
replaced with the inbox version of
OneDrive.
OneDrive place holder files:
OneDrive placeholder files are not
supported in Windows 10. Windows
8.1 displayed placeholders for files
available in OneDrive but not locally
on the device. In Windows 10, users
can choose which folders to sync
from OneDrive settings.
Snap: Snap is limited to two
applications in Tablet mode.

28. FEATURES OF WINDOWS 10
• Windows 10 released with mostly positive reviews upon its original announcement in July 2015;
detractors praised Microsoft's decision to downplay user-interface mechanics introduced by
Windows 8 (including the full-screen apps and Start screen). Here are the best features of the
operating system.
• It's free
One of the best new growth in Windows 10 is that it is completely free to upgrade. Microsoft made
this declare at its January event in Redmond. The steady has said it will be available at no charge for
the first year for Windows 8.1 and Windows Phone 8.1 users. It will also be free if you are still
running Windows 7.

29. START MENU
As we know that previous to the January
meeting, Windows 10 will mark the return of
the much-loved Start Menu. In the latest build
shown, it has some updated graphics and can
optionally go full-screen. In this feature half of
the menu looks pretty much like it did in
Windows 7 but there's the clear addition of
Live Tiles.

30. SNAP ASSIST HELPS
YOU SNAP WINDOWS
• A new feature is Snap Assist that helps
users work out, you need to do is to drag
the title bar to the edge of the screen.
Snap has been already available in
previous versions of windows, but some
features have been added.
• Drag the title bar to the edge top of the
screen maximum window.
• You can drag the left or right edge of the
screen to snap the application to the right
or left.

31. CORTANA
• Cortana is a new feature of Windows 10. It is a voice-activated
personal associate. We can use it to set reminders, get weather
forecasts, tell you jokes, send an email, find files, and search the
Internet and so on. The digital associate, that rivals Google Now,
has been available on Windows Phone for a while will come to
PCs and tablets. To get started, type a question in the search box
on the taskbar. Or select the microphone icon and talk to Cortana.
• Here are some things we can say to Cortana:
• Tell me a joke
• Where are you from?
• How old are you?
• What's happening this weekend?
• What’s going on in your life?
• What’s up?

32. COMMAND PROMPT
This is the new feature of the
command prompt is now getting
keyboard shortcut, which is
copy/past on your command
prompt. Specially, you can now
use Ctrl + C and Ctrl + V in the
Command Prompt. The previous
version has not this feature.

33. XBOX APP AND STREAMING
• Microsoft developed the Xbox app for game streaming to
Windows 10 back in January; we can meet up with
friends online, see what your friends are playing. The
Xbox app dashboard has been updated to support the
new feature; the Xbox one app for Windows 10 is not
quite ready yet. This feature allows you to leave your
living room and play your favorite Xbox One games
anywhere with access to your home network. This is good
news for gamers as not only the Xbox One get Windows
10; Windows 10 will come with the Xbox app means
although there was no indication of Windows 10 for
phones getting it, which has features like the capability to
control the Xbox One and a DVR capture for any
Windows games.

34. DESKTOP AND
SECURITY
IMPROVEMENTS
There are still many desktop security improvements to do in windows
8, but we have not seen them if we have used windows 7. Microsoft
gives the features of upgraded task manager, it’s so easier to what’s
requirements resources of your system and even manages a startup
program without third party software. Windows 10 includes Windows
Defender by default, Window Defender is just changed the version of
Microsoft Security Essentials. Window Defender has antivirus
protection to safe your system.

35. FILE EXPLORER
• File Explorer is also known as
Windows Explorer. It has a core
part of the operating system. You
can use the shortcut “Windows +
e” on your keyboard. When file
Explore opens, we can access the
frequently used folders and
recently use files.

36. UNIVERSAL APPS
• The universal app is a Windows experience that is
made upon the Universal Windows Platform
(UWP). It is good news for someone using more
than one Windows device. A package of apps with
Photos, Videos, Music, Maps, People and
Messaging, and Mail and Calendar will look and
feel the same across different devices and screen
sizes.
• Universal apps include a lot of backend
enhancements for developers that encourage
development on Windows Phone and Windows 8.
They are not completely the same in terms of code;
nor does it mean that developers can just push a
button to make those apps on either platform.

37. EDGE BROWSER
• Microsoft developed a new web browser called
Edge; It gives you new ways to find stuff,
read/write on the web. Microsoft edge built
with interoperability in mind, according to
Microsoft. It’s some feature that includes a
reading mode and the ability to annotate,
either with a keyboard, pen or a finger. There's
also integration with Cortana to provide
additional information, for example, when we
are on a web page for a restaurant/Hotel
Cortana will make a booking and display
information such as opening times.

38. ADVANTAGES OF WINDOWS 10
The loading time of Windows 10 is much less than that of Windows 7.
Stability and performance has been greatly improved in Windows 10.
Redesigned UI mixes the advantages of Windows 7 & Windows 8 which helps users of Windows 7
or earlier get comfortable to use it.
It is safer to use the latest Windows operating system. Although Windows 7 is safe at present. But it
is unknown when Microsoft will stop the support for Windows 7 just like Windows XP.
For gaming perspective, it gets Directx 12, which promises high frame rates with future games.
Better integration with Windows phone.
Update Windows 10 with the button “Update” will not damage or delete your files.

39. DISADVANTAGES OF
WINDOWS 10
Your personal information will be shared with
Microsoft for better service and improvement.
Upgrading to Windows 10 sometimes may lead to
system crash. If it happens, you need to spend
hours to solve this problem.
It is not so good for old computer. Upgrading
sometime could slow down the computer because
the out-of-date hardware is not enough to run the
new system smoothly.

40. LIST OF IMPORTANT COMMANDS FOR WINDOWS
• Cd Command – CD stands for change directory. This command is used to change the directory. When the user wants
to jump from one directory to another, they can leverage it.
• Date command – The date command is used to get the current date of the system. What all the user needs to write
Date in the command prompt, and the output will be the date.
• Dir command – Dir command is used to get the list of all the directories. Every directory that is created in the system
can be listed using this command.
• Hostname command – The hostname command can be used to display the hostname on the command prompt
screen. It is generally used when one needs to find the details about the host.
• Pause Command – The pause command is used to pause the execution of the batch file that has been executed.
The main purpose of this command is to stop the things from working if the user thinks that something went wrong.
• Echo Command – Echo command is used to print the defined text in the command prompt display. It is mainly used
to show any text on the command for any purpose.
• Exit Command – Exit command, as the name states, is used to exit the command prompt. There is an option to close
the command prompt using the close button on the top right corner of the cmd window, and using the exit command
does the same work.

41. •Shutdown Command – The shutdown command is used to shut down the system. Several
attributes can be used along with shutdown to define the way the user wants the system to be shut
down.
•Find Command – The find command is used to find any file in the system. In order to use this
command, the user must have to be aware of the file name that they will be looking for. The file
name can be used along with the find command in order to locate it.
•Time Command – The time command is used to display the current time in the command prompt
screen. It is a simple method that works in the same way as the date command works in order to
display the date on the screen.
•Title command – The title command is used to give the title to the command prompt window.
Using this command, one can set the customized name of the command prompt.
•Ipconfig Command – The Ip config command is used to find the IP related to the details or the
network connection related details. It is a very simple command and can show you the internal and
public IP details.
•Telnet Command – The telnet command is used to establish a telnet connection with the other
system. In order to use the command, one has to use the IP of the system that the first system
needs to connect with.

42. This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND.
•Nslookup Command – The Nslookup command is used to resolve the domain name into the IP address. The domain
name has to be used along with this command in order to find out the IP assigned to the domain. In simple terms, it is
used for DNS queries.
•Diskcopy Command – The diskcopy command is used to copy the data of one floppy disk to another one. It is mainly
used to manage the data in the device and provide a way to transfer the data using the CLI.
•Del Command – The del command is used to delete the files that is/are stored in the system. In the place of the del
command, one can also use the erase command as both the commands work the same way.
•Type Command – The type command is used to display the content of the text file. In other terms, it is used to
display the texts in the command prompt from the file that has stored them.
•Chkdsk command – The chkdsk command is used to check the volume details. It gives us the option to find the
storage-related details using the command prompt window or through the command-line interface.
•Format Command – The format command is used to format the volume. In the GUI, there is the option to format the
volume, which could be located using the right-click, and the format command does the same job.
•Gpupdate Command – The Gpupdate command is used to update the group policies. This option will simply offer
you a platform where you can make any kind of updates to the group policies.

43. APPLICATIONS
IN WINDOWS
•There are all kinds of applications which are available at the Windows store and people
can easily access them and download them for their personal or professional usage.
Given below is a list of such application available on Windows:
•Web Browsers
•Adobe Photoshop
•Adobe Reader
•Messenger
•Media Players
•Games
•Audio/ Video Chatting Apps
•Maps & Calendar and this list goes on

44. VERSIONS OF WINDOWS 10

45. WINDOWS 10
INSTALLATION AND CONFIGURATION PROCESS: STEP - BY - STEP

46. CONTENTS
• HOW TO CREATE USB FOR INSTALL OF WINDOWS 10
• CREATE WINDOWS 10 USB WITH RUFUS
• HOW TO PERFORM INSTALL OF WINDOWS 10
• WINDOWS 10 OUT-OF-BOX EXPERIENCE

47. HOW TO CREATE USB FOR INSTALL OF
WINDOWS 10
STEP 1 : Open your Web
Brower and type
"Download Windows 10".

48. STEP 2: Open
the official website
of Microsoft.
• Scroll down.
• Under the "Create
Windows 10 installation
media" section, click
the "Download Tool
Now" button.

49. STEP 3: After it get download, open it in a folder location then right click on it and
click on run as administration.

50. STEP 4 : Click
the Accept button to agree
to the terms.

51. STEP 5 : Select the
second
option "Create installati
on media ( USB
Flash Drive, DVD, or
ISO file ) for another
PC" and click on Next.

52. STEP 6 : Set your Language to
English - United State , Edition
to Windows 10 (which is by
default) and Architecture to
32bit (x32) / 64bit (x64) / both
(As per your choice).

53. STEP 7 : Select the USB
flash drive option and
Click Next.

54. STEP 8 : Select the Drive
to backup files of your
USB flash drive then
Click on Next and
Finish.
• NOTE : The contents
or files in the / your USB
flash drive will get
deleted.

55. Once you complete the steps,
the tool will download the files
and create an installer with the
latest installation files, which
you can then use to start the
device and configure a fresh
copy of Windows 10.
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

56. Create
Windows 10
USB with
Rufus
• Alternatively, you can use the Rufus tool to create
an installation media for devices with
motherboards featuring UEFI or BIOS firmware.
• Rufus is a tool available for free with many
options to help you create a bootable media of
Windows 10 faster. However, it's important to
remember that it's a third-party option, which
Microsoft does not support, so use it at your own
risk.
• To create a Windows 10 USB installer with Rufus,
connect a USB flash drive of at least 8GB of
space, and then use these steps:

57. STEP 9 : Open Rufus download page.
• Under the "Download" section, click the
link to save the latest release on your
device.
• Double-click the Rufus-x.xx.exe file to
launch the tool.

58. STEP 10 : Open and Set its configuration.
• Click the Settings button (third button
from the left) at the bottom of the page.

59. STEP 10.1 : Under the
"Settings" section, use
the Check for updates drop-
down menu and select
the Daily option.
• Click the Close button.
• Close the Rufus tool.
NOTE : Quick tip: These steps
are necessary to enable the
option to use the tool to
download the ISO file of
Windows 10.

60. STEP 10.2 : Relaunch
the Rufus tool.
• Under the "Device" section,
use the drop-down menu to
select the USB flash drive.
• Under the "Boot selection"
section, click the down
arrow button on the right and
select the Download option.

61. STEP 10.3 : Use the "Version" drop-
down menu and select the Windows
10 option and Click
the Continue button.
• Select the file option to download
the Windows 10 and Click
the Continue button.
• Use the "Edition" drop-down menu
and select the Windows 10
Home/Pro option and Click
the Continue button.
• Use the "Language" drop-down menu
and select your installation language
and Click the Continue button.
• Use the "Architecture" drop-down
menu and select the 32-bit or 64-
bit (recommended) and Click
the Download button.

62. STEP 10.4 : Select a folder location to
download the ISO file and Click
the Save button.
• Use the "Image option" drop-down menu
to select the Standard Windows
installation option.
• Use the "Partition scheme" drop-down
menu to select the GPT option.
• Use the "Target system" drop-down menu
to select the UEFI (non CSM) option.
NOTE: If the computer includes a legacy
BIOS, select the MBR option for partition
scheme and BIOS (or UEFI-CSM) option
target system.

63. This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
STEP 10.5 : Under the "Show Advanced drive properties" section,
don't change the default settings.
• Under the "Volume label" field, enter a descriptive name for the
drive.
• Under the "File system" and "Cluster size" section, don't change
the default settings.
• Click the Show advanced format options button.
• Select the Quick format and Create extended label and icon
files options. Click the Start button.
• Click the OK button to confirm and Click the Close button.
After you complete the steps, Rufus will download the ISO file from
the Microsoft servers, and it'll create the bootable media to perform
an install of Windows 10.

64. HOW TO
PERFORM
INSTALL OF
WINDOWS 10
• The installation process of Windows 10
has two main parts, including the setup
and out-of-box experience (OOBE). In
the setup process, that's where you will
select some of the basic settings, and
you'll find the options to erase the hard
drive, configure the partitions, and
clean install Windows 10. The out-of-
box experience happens after the setup
is complete, and it's the stage where
you'll configure your settings, such as
region, network, account, privacy, and
other settings.

65. STEP 11 : Insert the Pen drive
and Restart your System then enter
to its BIOS Settings (Continuously
Press Delete key). Click on Boot and
change its Boot Device Priority
setting. Save the
changes by Clicking F10.
• It will take some time and
Start your System with Windows 10
USB media.

66. STEP 12 : On the "Windows
Setup," click the Next button.
NOTE : If your language, time
and currency, and keyboard are
different from the default
selections, make sure to select
the correct settings before
continuing.

67. Click
the Install
now button.

68. STEP 13: If you're doing a
reinstallation, click the I
don't have a product
key option to continue
(assuming that your device
was already activated).
Otherwise, in the case that
this is your first time
installing Windows 10, enter
the product key.
• Click the Next button.

69. STEP 14 : Select the edition of
Windows 10 (If applicable)
and Click the Next button.
NOTE: This selection must
match the edition that the
product key activates. If you
don't select the correct edition,
Windows 10 won't activate,
and you'll have to redo the
entire process one more time.

70. STEP 15 : Select the I accept
the license terms option to
continue.
• Click the Next button.
• Click the Custom: Install
Windows only
(Advanced) option to
continue with a clean
installation.

71. STEP 16 : Select the partition with the
current installation (usually "Drive
0"), and click the Delete button.
• Click the Yes button.
NOTE: If "Drive 0" has multiple
partitions, you have to select and
delete each partition to allow the setup
to use the entire hard drive for the new
clean installation. The Windows 10
setup will create the required
partitions automatically during the
process. Also, it's not necessary to
delete the partitions on secondary
drives.

72. STEP 16.1 : Select the empty drive
(Drive 0 Unallocated Space). Click
the Next button.
Once you complete the steps,
the setup will install a fresh
copy of Windows 10 on the
computer.

73. WINDOWS 10 OUT-OF-BOX EXPERIENCE
After the setup, you have to
continue with the out-of-box
experience to configure
your preferences and create
a new account.
This guide follows the out-
of-box experience available
with the Windows 10
September 2021 Update.
However, depending on the
release you are installing,
the steps may be slightly
different.
To complete the OOBE on
Windows 10, use these
steps:

74. STEP 17 : Select your Region option and Click the Yes button
then Select your keyboard layout option and Click the Yes button.

75. STEP 18 : Select the Set
up for personal
use option.
• Click the Next button.

76. STEP 19 : Confirm your Microsoft
account information to create an
account.
• Click the Next button.
NOTE : The recommended
process is to use a Microsoft
account. However, if you want to
use a traditional local account,
you'll need to click the Offline
account option from the bottom-
left corner and then continue
with the on-screen direction

77. STEP 20 : Click the Create
PIN button.
• Create a four-digit
Windows Hello PIN.
NOTE : If you want to
continue using a traditional
password, click
the Cancel button to skip the
process.

78. STEP 21 : Select your
privacy settings (and don't
forget to scroll down the
page to review all the
available settings).
• Click the Accept button.

79. STEP 22 :
Optional) You can provide your phone number and then
click the Send button to link your phone with your
device. If you want to skip this option, click the Do it
later button in the screen's bottom-left corner.
(Optional) Click the Next button to allow OneDrive to
back up the Desktop, Documents, and Pictures folders
to the cloud. If you use another cloud service or prefer
not to upload files to the cloud, click the Only save files
to this PC option in the screen's bottom-left corner.

80. STEP 23 :
Click the No, thanks button to skip the Microsoft
365 setup (as necessary).
NOTE : If you have an Office product key, you can
click the I have a product key option, and then the
apps will install automatically on your device.
Optional) Check the Let Cortana respond to "Hey
Cortana" option to use the assistance hands-free.
Click the Accept button to allow Microsoft to collect
personal information to make Cortana more
personal. If you're not interested in the digital
assistant, click the Not now button to continue.

81. After you complete the steps, the new
settings will apply to the clean installation
of Windows 10, and you should be able to
see the default desktop experience.

82. THANKYOU
HOPE YOU UNDERSTAND EACH AND
EVERY STEP OF INSTALLING AND
CONFIGURING WINDOWS 10. ENJOY
YOUR EXPERIENCE & WORKING WITH IT.
By – Ruchika Sawant
College – Muchhala Polytechnic, Thane