3. • Dowry is a social evil in India.
We daily read in newspapers
and watch in T.V. about dowry
deaths. Dowry spoils all
pleasures of married life. It has
taken a fearful form.
Introduction
4. • Dowry means gifts given by the
girl’s parents at the time of
marriage. This is the symbol of love
and respect. It is the help of the
girl so that she may set up her
home. But with the passage of time,
the sense of dowry has changed. It
has now become a social evil.
What is dowry system ???
5. • Dowries may be in
the form of :
Goods (clothing or
jewelry)
Assets (livestock,
land, or cash)
Dowries may be in
the form of :
6. Nature of problem:-
• Nature of problem Dowry deaths number in the
hundreds each year. Indian government has
introduced so many laws to stop dowry system,
yet the people have not changed . only 18% of
prosecutions involving dowry killings result in
conviction. Even highly educated people are also
running towards Dowry. Over 90% of
government employees actively seek and get a
dowry from their bride's family. Expenditure on
marriage is considered as expenditure on
prestige. Marriage is not private affair but
social programme.
7. Causes of Dowry:-
•Causes of Dowry system is prevailing in India
due to following reasons- Inferior status of
woman Women don’t get share in property
Women don’t have independent source of
income Less literacy rate in women More
expenses on education of boys Pressure of
old tradition Ambition of becoming rich Less
number of highly educated grooms Social
prestige Insurance or protection money
Insisting of same caste marriages
8. Effects of Dowry System:-
•Effects of Dowry System Dowry
killings Indebtedness Odd couples,
marriage by compulsion Hindrances
in progress of women Increase in
divorce rate Inter caste marriage
Wife Suicides Increase in girls’
education False complaints and
allegations Domestic violence
Abortions or child selection tests
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Government has
made Anti dowry act
(sec. 304B)
Many NGO’s are
working
Society people
How to abolish
????
11. LEGISLATIONS:-
•LEGISLATIONS Payment of dowry or
gifts in any form are prohibited under the
following acts- Dowry Prohibition Act,
1961 Indian Penal Code (IPC )- Sections
304B and 498a Dowry and Bridal Gifts
Restrictions Rules, 1976 Dowry
Prohibition (Maintenance of Lists of
Presents to the Bride and Bridegroom)
Rules, 1985 Despite anti-dowry laws in
India, it is still a common practice.
14. ??? And many more
eliminated
before
they could ……..
15.
16. Conclusion:-
•Conclusion People should not attend
such marriages. Girls should refuse to
marry boys who ask for dowry. Dowry
act should be changed, accepting dowry
should be made a non- bailable crime.
It should be mandatory to Surpanch ,
talathi , corporater , NGOs to report
such cases to the police for action.
Police on their own should file
complaints against dowry takers.
In India, the dowry is a gift from the bride’s family to the groom’s family upon marriage. There may be additional payments expected over the course of the marriage, for example upon the birth of a child, but the major part of the dowry is paid upon marriage.
Dowry in India was historically practised only among upper caste families in Northern India (excluding the Himalayan regions), where women seek to marry men of superior rank (hypergamy). In southern India and in lower caste families in Northern India, people took spouses of equal rank (isogamy) and payment was given to the bride’s family, not the groom’s family
Dowries may be in the form of goods such as clothing or jewelry, assets such as livestock or land, or cash. In India today, cash is always given as well as a large number of consumer goods which the woman may or may not get to use herself
uppercaste Indian families used dowry while lower castes used brideprice. According to Risley, hypergamy results in the use of dowry this way: the upward flow of women through social ranks creates a surplus of would-be brides for top-ranking grooms, so that men of higher rank receive a groomprice, and a deficit of would-be brides for lower-ranking grooms, so that lower-ranking grooms pay a brideprice.
There is a lot of casual evidence that dowries are a result of competition for social status.
Where income-earning opportunities have not eroded the value of inherited status, dowries can be expected to persist and even rise as economic opportunities for men expand.
With same age sex-ratios worsening, and fertility rates dropping, the sex ratio among marriage age –compatible people will decline. Hopefully this will easy dowry price pressures
In India, the caste system is still strong. But increased economic opportunities mean that there is a wider variation in income within castes.
