Advanced Internetworking Report

Submitted By:
Rohan Raj Mudvari
BIM 5th
Semester
Exam Roll No: 8568/18
TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
Submitted To:
Mr. Rupesh Thapa
Lab Report of Advanced Internetworking (IT 223) using
Cisco Packet Tracer (version 8.0.0.0212) for the partial
fulfillment of BIM 5th semester.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This project has been developed in order to fulfill the partial requirement
of Tribhuvan University (TU) for the completion of Bachelor of Information
Management (BIM). Although this is the individual project assigned to me during
my academic study in BIM Fifth Semester, I should remain thankful to many
persons for the successful completion of this project.
First of all, I am thankful to my respected Faculty member Rupesh Thapa
for his persistence help and clear guidance throughout my academic study and
throughout the completion of this project. His suggestions and guidance in every
stage is one of the major reasons of the successful completion of my project.
Without his proper crystal-clear guidance, my project would not have been
accomplished in time.
At last but not least, I am very thankful to respected principle of our college Dr.
Anil Lal Amatya for helping and encouraging me in every aspect of my academic
study during in this college and many-many thanks Asian School of Management
and Technology, Kathmandu, Nepal.
With Thankful
Rohan Raj Mudvari
BIM 5th Semester

Table of Contents
Description Page No.
Configuring OSPF in a Network 1-14
Configuring OSPF in an IPV6 Network 15-18
Configuring RIP in a Network 19-25
Configuring EIGRP in a Network 26-30
Configuring BGP in a Network 31

1 | P a g e
Configuring OSPF on a Network
Network Topology:
Documentation of Network end devices:
For Router-1:
Interface Description IP Address Subnet Mask
gigabitEthernet 0/0/0 Connected to Sw-1 192.14.10.1 255.255.255.0
Serial 0/1/1 Connected to R-2 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
Serial 0/2/1 Connected to ISP 200.200.200.1 255.255.255.0
For Router-2:
Router -1
Router -2
Router -4
Router -5
Router -3

2 | P a g e
For Router-3:
For Router-4:
For Router-5:
PC’s:
PC Name Ip Address Default Gateway
PC1 192.14.10.10 192.14.10.1
PC2 192.14.20.10 192.14.20.1
PC3 192.14.30.10 192.14.30.1
PC4 192.14.40.10 192.14.40.1
PC5 192.14.50.10 192.14.50.1

3 | P a g e
Operational Figure:

4 | P a g e
Configuration of Devices
For Router 1:
Router>enable
Router#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R-1
R-1(config)#enable secret bim
R-1(config)#line console 0
R-1(config-line)#password cisco
R-1(config-line)#login
R-1(config-line)#exit
R-1(config)#line vty 0 4
R-1(config-line)#password bim123
Router(config-if)#int se 0/1/0
Router(config-if)#desc ***connected to R-3***
Router(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to down

5 | P a g e
Router(config-if)#desc ***connected to ISP***
For Router-2:
Router>en
Router#config t
R-2(config)#int gig 0/0/0
R-2(config-if)#ip address 192.14.20.1 255.255.255.0
R-2(config-if)#no shut
R-2(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0, changed state to
up
R-2(config-if)#int se 0/1/0
R-2(config-if)#desc ***connected to R-1***
R-2(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to up

6 | P a g e
R-2(config-if)#desc **connected to R-5***
R-2(config-if)#
R-2#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
For Router 3:
R-2(config)#hostname R-3
R-3(config-if)#desc ***connected to sw-3***
R-3(config-if)#
up
R-3(config-if)#
R-3(config-if)#desc **connected to R-5***

7 | P a g e
For Router-4:
Router>en
Router#config t
Router(config)#int gig 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#desc **connected to sw-4**
Router(config-if)#
up
Router(config-if)#desc **connected to R-1**
Router(config-if)#
For Router-5:
Router>en
Router#config t
Router(config-if)#desc **connected to sw5**
Router(config-if)#

8 | P a g e
up
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)# int se 0/1/0
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#
For ISP:
Router(config)#hostname ISP
ISP(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
ISP(config-if)#desc **connected to R-1**
ISP(config-if)#ip address 200.200.200.2 255.255.255.0
ISP(config-if)#no shut
ISP(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 200.200.200.1
ISP(config)#end
ISP#

9 | P a g e
( Since the same protocol in a network could not be used in order to configure the ISP, we have
implemented static default protocol in ISP and Router-1 respectively)
In Router-1:
Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 200.200.200.2
Router(config)#end
Configuring OSPF:
For Router-1:
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#network 192.14.10.1 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router(config-router)#
Router#
Router#wr
Building configuration...
[OK]
For Router-2:
R-2(config)#router ospf 1
R-2(config-router)#network 192.14.20.1 0.0.0.255 area 0
R-2(config-router)#
01:42:52: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 200.200.200.1 on Serial0/1/0 from LOADING to
FULL, Loading Done
R-2(config-router)#

10 | P a g e
For Router-3:
R-3(config)#router ospf 1
R-3(config-router)#
FULL, Loading Done
For Router-4:
FULL, Loading Done
For Router-5:
FULL, Loading Done
FULL, Loading Done
FULL, Loading Done

11 | P a g e
In Router-1:
Router(config-router)#default-information originate
(default-information originate tells the router to inject any default route that has been configured
on the router into the OSPF)
Pinging PC1 from PC5:
We are receiving the packets when we ping PC1 (local network of Router 1) from PC5 (local
network of Router 5). From this we can understand that, router could communicate with each
other using the OSPF protocol. For speculation, we also pinged other PC’s with each other to
make sure that protocol is working perfectly.

12 | P a g e
Pinging PC5 From ISP:

13 | P a g e
Router#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.14.30.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:39 20.20.20.2 Serial0/1/0
192.14.40.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:39 30.30.30.1 Serial0/2/0
192.14.20.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 10.10.10.2 Serial0/1/1
Router#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.14.10.1 YES manual up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/1/0 20.20.20.1 YES manual up up
Vlan1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Router#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 200.200.200.2 to network 0.0.0.
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/1
L 10.10.10.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/1/1

14 | P a g e
40.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 40.40.40.0/24 [110/128] via 30.30.30.1, 00:26:49, Serial0/2/0
Router#show ip route ospf
O 40.40.40.0 [110/128] via 30.30.30.1, 00:31:30, Serial0/2/0
O 50.50.50.0 [110/128] via 10.10.10.2, 00:40:38, Serial0/1/1
O 60.60.60.0 [110/128] via 20.20.20.2, 00:35:31, Serial0/1/0
O 192.14.20.0 [110/65] via 10.10.10.2, 00:40:55, Serial0/1/1
O 192.14.30.0 [110/65] via 20.20.20.2, 00:35:50, Serial0/1/0
O 192.14.40.0 [110/65] via 30.30.30.2, 00:35:58, Serial0/2/0
O 192.14.50.0 [110/129] via 20.20.20.2, 00:28:41, Serial0/1/0
[110/129] via 10.10.10.2, 00:28:41, Serial0/1/1
[110/129] via 30.30.30.1, 00:28:41, Serial0/2/0
Conclusion:
Hence, it is proved that OSPF is an Interior Gateway Protocol. Even though we have 5 routers
and a ISP in this network, for the purpose of demonstration, I have only pinged selected network
device to show that OSPF works.
Ping operation from one PC of router to another PC of another router can be easily done in
OSPF. Not only this, it is very easy to ping the ISP from any end-pint in the network.

15 | P a g e
Configuring OSPF in an IPV6 network
IPv6 is the latest version of the Internet Protocol. The IPv6 protocol can handle packets more
efficiently, improve performance and increase security. It enables internet service providers to
reduce the size of their routing tables by making them more hierarchical.
Operational Figure:
Configuration:
Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:1::1/64
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#

16 | P a g e
up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#int se 0/1/0
Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:a001::1/64
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#end
Router#
Router(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1
Router(config-rtr)#exit
Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
Router(config-if)#end
Router#
Router#wr
[OK]
Router# 00:40:01: %OSPFv3-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on Serial0/1/0 from
LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

17 | P a g e

18 | P a g e
Router#show ipv6 interface brief
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 [up/up]
FE80::201:43FF:FE27:4301
2001:DB8:1:2::1
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 [administratively down/down]
unassigned
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 [administratively down/down]
unassigned
Serial0/1/0 [up/up]
FE80::201:43FF:FE27:4301
2001:DB8:1:A001::2
Serial0/1/1 [up/up]
FE80::201:43FF:FE27:4301
2001:DB8:1:A002::1
Serial0/2/0 [administratively down/down]
unassigned
Serial0/2/1 [administratively down/down]
unassigned
Vlan1 [administratively down/down]
unassigned
Router#
Router#show ipv6 protocol
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "connected"
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "ND"
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Interfaces (Area 0)
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
Serial0/1/1
Serial0/1/0
Redistribution:
None
Router#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:39 4 Serial0/1/0
3.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:33 4 Serial0/1/1
Router#

19 | P a g e
Configuring RIP in a network
RIP uses a distance vector algorithm to decide which path to put a packet on to get to its
destination. Each RIP router maintains a routing table, which is a list of all the destinations the
router knows how to reach. Each router broadcasts its entire routing table to its closest neighbors
every 30 seconds.
Operational Figure:
IP configuration for Laptop 1:
IP configuration for Laptop 2:

20 | P a g e
For Router-1:
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#enable secret bim
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
R1(config-line)#exit
R1(config)#line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)#password bim123
R1(config)#interface gig 0/0/0
R1(config-if)#desc **connected to sw-1**
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#
up
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.14.10.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int se 0/1/0
R1(config-if)#desc **connected to R-2**

21 | P a g e
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#network 192.14.10.0
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R1(config-router)#end
R1#
R1#wr
[OK]
R1#
For Router-2:
Router>enable
Router#config t

22 | P a g e
R-2(config-if)#desc **connected to sw-2**
R-2(config-if)#
up
R-2(config-if)#exit
R-2(config)#int se 0/1/0
R-2(config-if)#
R-2(config-if)#exit
R-2(config)#
R-2(config)#router rip
R-2(config-router)#version 2

23 | P a g e
R-2(config-router)#network 192.14.20.0
R-2(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0
R-2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R-2(config-router)#end
R-2#
R-2#wr
[OK]
Pinging Laptop-1 from Laptop-2:
R1#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

24 | P a g e
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.14.10.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0/0
L 192.14.10.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0/0
R 192.14.20.0/24 [120/1] via 10.10.10.2, 00:00:26, Serial0/1/0
R1#show ip protocol
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 5 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive 2
Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 2 2
Serial0/1/0 2 2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.0.0.0
192.14.10.0

25 | P a g e
Passive Interface(s):
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.10.10.2 120 00:00:16
Distance: (default is 120)
Conclusion:
Hence, we have configured RIP (Routing Information Protocol) on this network. The main
advantage of using RIP is that it is simple to configure and implement. It is easy to understand
and is generally loop free.
It prevents routing loops by implementing a limit on a number of hops allowed in path from the
source to destination.

26 | P a g e
Configuring EIGRP in a network
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is an advanced distance-vector routing
protocol that is used on a computer network for automating routing decisions and configuration.
The protocol was designed by Cisco Systems as a proprietary protocol, available only on Cisco
routers.
Operational Figure:
For Router-1:
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#enable secret bim
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config)#line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)#password bim123
R1(config)#interface gig 0/0/0

27 | P a g e
R1(config-if)#desc **connected to sw-1**
R1(config-if)#
up
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int se 0/1/0
R1(config-if)#desc **connected to R-2**
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#router eigrp 10
R1(config-router)#network 192.14.10.0 255.255.255.0
R1(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0
R1(config-router)#exit
R1(config)#exit
R1#
R1#wr
[OK]

28 | P a g e
For Router 2:
Router>enable
Router#config t
R-2(config-if)#desc **connected to sw-2**
R-2(config-if)#
up
R-2(config-if)#exit
R-2(config)#int se 0/1/0

29 | P a g e
R-2(config-if)#
R-2(config-if)#exit
R-2(config)#
R-2(config)#router eigrp 10
R-2(config-router)#network 192.14.20.0 255.255.255.0
R-2(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0
R-2(config-router)#
%DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP 10: Neighbor 10.10.10.1 (Serial0/1/0) is up: new
adjacency
R-2(config-router)#exit
R-2(config)#exit
R-2#
R-2#wr
[OK]

30 | P a g e
Conclusion:
As we can see, the current working protocol is EIGRP and it does ping from PC1 to PC2
suggesting that EIGRP is working.
In a well-designed network, EIGRP scales well and provides extremely quick convergence times
with minimal network traffic.
When a change occurs in EIGRP configured network, only routing table changes are propagated,
not the entire routing table; this reduces the load the routing protocol itself places on the
network.

31 | P a g e
Configuring BGP in a Network
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed to
exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet.
BGP is classified as a path-vector routing protocol and it makes routing decisions based on paths,
network policies, or rule-sets configured by a network administrator.
Since the Cisco Packet tracer version 8.0.0.0212 does not support the internal BGP configuration
of the network, it was not possible to show working mechanism of BGP. Nevertheless, here is
command to configure BGP in a network:
For Router-1:
Router>enable
Router#config t
R1(config)#router bgp 200
R1(config-router)#neighbor 192.14.20.1 remote-as 200 //ip address of neighbor router
R1(config-router)#neighbor 192.14.20.10 remote-as 200 //ip address of neighbor PC
For Router-2:
Router>enable
Router#config t
R2(config)#router bgp 200
R2(config-router)#neighbor 192.14.10.1 remote-as 200 //ip address of neighbor router
R2(config-router)#neighbor 192.14.10.10 remote-as 200 //ip address of neighbor PC

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