531: Controlling access to your IBM MQ system

TechCon 2021
531: Controlling
access to your IBM
MQ system
Robert Parker
Security focal, IBM MQ
parrobe@uk.ibm.com

2
TechCon 2021 Virtual Experience
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Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve results similar to those stated here.

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—Introduction
—Access Control in MQ
—Identity
—Authentication
—Authorization
—Example security configurations
—Questions
Agenda

4
Accessing IBM MQ systems
• Applications connect to IBM MQ queue managers for different reasons
• Administration
• Monitoring
• Messaging
• IBM MQ offers a number of different options for controlling applications.
• Different levels of control can be applied to different applications

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QMGR
Remote Client
App
Local Client
App
Network
Communications
Inter
process
Communications
• Remote apps:
• Connect over network
• Connect to MQ Channels
• Local apps:
• Connect over process pipes
• Both are subject to security checks
• But some checks are not applicable to
local apps.

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MQ access control
Identity

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MQ access control
Identity
Authentication

8
MQ access control
Identity
Authentication
Authorization

10
Different identities in MQ
OS User Supplied
User
Certificate
IP/
Hostname
• User the
application
runs as
• User supplied
via MQCSP
structure
• Includes
password
• IBM MQ v8+
• IP/Hostname of
connecting
application
• TLS Certificate
remote
application
provides

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Different identities in MQ
• To authorize, MQ uses user based identification
• TLS certificates and IP/Hostname need to convert to user
• MQ provides options for this

13
Authentication
• When an application connects with an identity, you need to verify it.
• Pre-shared secrets
• Userid + password
• Exchanged certificates
• IBM MQ has multiple choices for authenticating application identities

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Connection Authentication
• Connection authentication feature
• Allows authentication using user credentials supplied by client applications
• User ID can be validated against a number of user repositories
• OS
• LDAP
• PAM modules
• Security exits
• Allows granular controls over whether an application has to provide valid
credentials

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Connection Authentication
CHCK…
NONE
OPTIONAL
REQUIRED
REQDADM
QMGR
Inter process
Communications
DEFINE AUTHINFO(USE.PW)
AUTHTYPE(xxxxxx)
CHCKLOCL(OPTIONAL)
CHCKCLNT(REQUIRED)
ALTER QMGR CONNAUTH(USE.PW)
REFRESH SECURITY TYPE(CONNAUTH)
MQRC_NOT_AUTHORIZED (2035)
MQRC_NONE (0)
User
Repository
Remote
Client
App
Local
Client
App

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Channel authentication rules
• Channel authentication rules are filters that can be applied for incoming
connections
• Allowlisting – Allow connections based on a filter
• Mapping rules – Allow connections based on a filter and modify it’s identity
• Blocklisting – Block a connection based on a filter
• There are four types of filters:
• TLS Distinguished name (Issuer and Subject)
• Client User ID name
• Remote Queue Manager name
• IP/Hostname

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• The filters are applied on channels and are applied to all incoming
connections for that channel
• The filter can be either very specific or generic.
• Specific filters take precedence over generic
• Channel authentication rules can be used to map IP/Hostname/TLS to a user

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QMGR
SET CHLAUTH(*) TYPE(USERMAP)
CLNTUSER(*)
USERSRC(NOACCESS)
ACTION(ADD)
SET CHLAUTH(*) TYPE(USERMAP)
CLNTUSER(‘UserA’)
USERSRC(CHANNEL)
ACTION(ADD)
MQRC_NONE (0)
Remote
Client
App
Remote
Client
App

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TLS
• MQ channels can be configured to require connecting clients to supply a
trusted certificate
• Trust of a client’s certificate follows TLS standards
• MQ can limit specific certificates to certain channels
• Via channel definition – SSLPEER
• Via channel authentication rules – SSLPEERMAP

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TLS
QMGR
DEFINE CHANNEL(IN)
CHLTYPE(SVRCONN)
SSLCIPH(‘….’)
SSLCAUTH(REQUIRED)
SSLPEER(‘UserA’)
MQRC_NONE (0)
Remote
Client
App
Remote
Client
App
Certificate
Certificate

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Security exits
• Security exits are bespoke, customer created exits that are ran during the
security checking.
• MQ comes with an API that can interact with MQ to provide extra control over
a connection.
• They allow customers to expand MQ's security to suit their needs.
• When ran the security exit will have access to the channel definition and
information about the incoming connection.
• It will also have a piece of data passed to it that is set on the channel – SCYDATA
• Channel exits can be created in pairs that exchange ‘messages’

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Security exits
QMGR
Remote
Client App
DEFINE CHANNEL(IN) CHLTYPE(SVRCONN) SCYEXIT(‘Exit’)
Exit:
If time range is not 09:00 – 17:00. Block

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Which identity will be used?
Method Notes
Client machine user ID flowed to server This will be over-ridden by anything else. Rarely do you want to trust an
unauthenticated client side user ID.
MCAUSER set on SVRCONN channel
definition
A handy trick to ensure that the client flowed ID is never used is to define
the MCAUSER as ‘rubbish’ and then anything that is not set
appropriately by one of the next methods cannot connect.
MCAUSER set by ADOPTCTX(YES) The queue manager wide setting to adopt the password authenticated
user ID as the MCAUSER will over-ride either of the above.
MCAUSER set by CHLAUTH rule To allow more granular control of MCAUSER setting, rather than relying
on the above queue manager wide setting, you can of course use
CHLAUTH rules
MCAUSER set by Security Exit Although CHLAUTH gets the final say on whether a connection is
blocked (security exit not called in that case), the security exit does get
called with the MCAUSER CHLAUTH has decided upon, and can
change it.
Highest
Lowest

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Authorization
• Once we have an identity and authenticated it. What can they do?
• Different identities will need different levels of access
• Granting all identities all access is not recommended
• MQ bases authorization off a user identity.

26
MQ Authorization
• Controlled by creating authority records
• Specific user or group.
• Generic MQ object
• Authority is for MQ objects and what actions they can perform
• (PUT, GET, OPEN, etc)
• If a user or group does not have authority to do what they are trying to do,
they get blocked.
• Authority is built up from all authority record sources.
• Users who are members of the mqm group have full administrator access.

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UserExternal
• MQ Authorization by default uses OS user and groups
• Requires system admins to create these.
• UserExternal mitigates this.
• Allows MQ to accept missing OS user.
• Authority records are set against the User.
• Does not support groups.
• Configured in qm.ini file:
service:
securityPolicy=UserExternal

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Authorization
QMGR
SET AUTHREC OBJTYPE(QMGR)
GROUP(‘Group1’)
AUTHADD(CONNECT)
MQRC_NONE (0)
Authority Records
Group 1 –
Group 2 -
Remote
Client
App
Local
Client
App

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—One size does not fit all.
—Information is current as of today.
—These are only examples and may
not meet your security
requirements or have considered
all attack vectors.
—This list is also not complete, there
are other ways you can configure
your security to meet your needs.
Disclaimer

31
Scenario
• You have:
• A single queue manager – QM1
• A single local queue – MY.QUEUE
• A single channel – ENTRY.CHANNEL
• Applications connecting remotely
• Default listener on 1414 created and started with queue manager
• You will use:
• Operating system as the user repository
• OS Groups for authorization controlling
• Users in group A should be able to PUT messages
• Users in group B should be able to GET messages

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Scenario
QMGR
1. DEFINE QLOCAL(MY.QUEUE)
2. DEFINE CHANNEL(ENTRY.CHANNEL) CHLTYPE(SVRCONN)
3. SET AUTHREC OBJTYPE(QMGR) GROUP('groupA') AUTHADD(CONNECT,INQ)
4. SET AUTHREC OBJTYPE(QMGR) GROUP('groupB') AUTHADD(CONNECT,INQ)
5. SET AUTHREC PROFILE(MY.QUEUE) OBJTYPE(QUEUE) GROUP('groupA') AUTHADD(PUT,INQ)
6. SET AUTHREC PROFILE(MY.QUEUE) OBJTYPE(QUEUE) GROUP('groupB') AUTHADD(GET,INQ)
PUT
App
GET
App
OS repository
groupA
groupB

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Scenario
• Stopping remote applications connecting as mqm
QMGR
PUT
App
GET
App
OS repository
groupA
groupB
SET CHLAUTH(‘*’) TYPE(BLOCKUSER) USERLIST(‘*MQADMIN’)

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Scenario
Problems:
• The apps are not authenticating
• If one user wants to PUT/GET a message they run their app as the other user.

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Examples:
Controlling how
applications access the
queue

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Scenario 1 – ADOPTCTX
QMGR
PUT
App
GET
App
OS repository
groupA
groupB
ALTER AUTHINFO(‘…’) AUTHTYPE(IDPWOS) CHCKCLNT(REQUIRED) ADOPTCTX(YES)

37
Scenario 1
• No matter what user they run as, the user they supply and successfully
authenticate as will be used for authorization
• CHCKCLNT(REQUIRED) forces the apps to supply valid credentials
• Now the users can only perform the action they are supposed to
• Unless they steal the credentials of the other.

38
Scenario 2 - TLS Client Certificates
QMGR
PUT
App
GET
App
OS repository
groupA
groupB
1. ALTER CHANNEL(ENTRY.CHANNEL) CHLTYPE(SVRCONN) SSLCIPH('...') SSLCAUTH(REQUIRED)
2. SET CHLAUTH('*') TYPE(SSLPEERMAP) SSLPEER('CN=*) USERSRC(NOACCESS)
3. SET CHLAUTH('*') TYPE(SSLPEERMAP) SSLPEER('CN=userA') USERSRC(MAP) MCAUSER('userA’)
4. SET CHLAUTH('*') TYPE(SSLPEERMAP) SSLPEER('CN=userB') USERSRC(MAP) MCAUSER('userB')
Certificate
Certificate

39
Scenario 2
• Similar to ADOPTCTX, the apps are now authenticating
• They cannot impersonate the other unless they steal the credentials
• As a bonus the network communication is secured
• However, TLS certificate management is now a concern.
• Adding a new user/app requires work:
• OS entry
• AUTHREC entry
• Trust their certificate (or use same CA)
• CHLAUTH entry

40
Scenario 3 – TLS, Security exit & UserExternal
QMGR
PUT
App
GET
App
1. ALTER CHANNEL(ENTRY.CHANNEL) CHLTYPE(SVRCONN)
SSLCIPH('...') SSLCAUTH(REQUIRED) SCYEXIT(‘Exit’)
2. SET AUTHREC PROFILE(MY.QUEUE) OBJTYPE(QUEUE)
PRINCIPAL(‘userA') AUTHADD(PUT,INQ)
3. SET AUTHREC PROFILE(MY.QUEUE) OBJTYPE(QUEUE)
PRINCIPAL(‘userB') AUTHADD(GET,INQ)
Exit:
Extract CN from client certificate and set
the user as that.
Certificate
Certificate
service:
securityPolicy=UserExternal
QM.ini

41
Scenario 3
• This option fixes two issue from scenario 3:
• No need for CHLAUTH rules
• No need for adding user to OS
• But has the following considerations:
• Still need to authorize the user
• Still need to manage the certificates
• You have to maintain the security exit
• Can no longer use group authorizations

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Recap
ADOPTCTX
• Authentication
• Requires apps to store
credentials
• User management on OS or
LDAP server
TLS Certificates &
security exit
• Adds encryption
• Security exit
maintenance
• TLS Certificate
management
• No group memberships
TLS Certificate &
CHLAUTH
• Adds encryption
• Need to map down to
a user.
• TLS certificate
management

—IBM MQ security features
—Connection authentication
—TLS
—Channel Authentication Records
—Security Exits
—Authorization
—Example security configurations

TechCon 2021 Digital Experience 44
Questions?

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531: Controlling access to your IBM MQ system

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